Medicinal properties of the herb Smolkin. Smolyanka herb application. Botanical characteristics of Smolevka
Inconspicuous in appearance, this plant is very popular in folk medicine due to its healing properties.
Botanical description
The stalk of the resin is erect, branched in the upper part. Its height usually ranges from 40 to 100 cm. The lanceolate opposite leaves are dark green in color. The flowering period begins in June and continues until September. At this time, the plant is decorated with small white flowers that have a bubble-swollen shape. The corolla has 5 bipartite petals. In place of the flower, a fruit is then formed in the form of a spherical box with small kidney-shaped seeds.
In the people, the plant was called the common cracker, or tar. His favorite habitats are fallow fields, forest edges, roadsides, wastelands, etc.
Beneficial features
The medicinal properties of resin, unfortunately, have not found application in the field of traditional medicine. Scientists have not yet proven the usefulness of crackers. But it is known for sure that the leaves contain useful material- saponins. Since ancient times, people have known that the cracker has hemostatic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.
Smolyovka vulgaris has a positive effect on the human nervous system. Even our ancestors treated her with infusions of depression, depressed spirit and other similar disorders. Inflammation of the skin quickly passes after the external use of resin infusions.
Indications for use
Due to its medicinal properties, tar has found common use in non-traditional medicine.
Traditional healers treat chronic bronchitis with decoctions of this herb. For skin diseases, lotions and compresses soaked in its decoctions are used. This is an excellent sedative. In addition, decoctions from the flowers of the plant are used for inflammation of the female internal organs or muscle fibers of the vagina.
Tar infusions are very useful during gastritis with high acidity of the stomach. In folk medicine, they are also recommended to drink in diseases of the genitourinary system. The diuretic properties of the plant have long been known. White tar juice is used during the inflammatory process of the mucous membranes of the eye. Most people use compresses for lichen or colon lesions.
Infusion Recipes
Smolevka ordinary, the description of which is given at the beginning of the article, is used both internally and externally. Herbalists have found many different recipes dating back more than one hundred years:
- In case of indigestion, it is necessary to brew 15 g of dried cracker grass with a glass of boiling water and wait 30 minutes. After that, the broth must be filtered and cooled. Apply three times a day, 100 g before meals.
- For the treatment of inflammatory processes, insist 3 tablespoons of the dried plant, filling it with boiling water. Apply compresses several times a day.
- Inflammations of the oral cavity are treated by rinsing the mouth with infusions of resin. To do this, it is necessary to pour boiling water over dry grass (300 g of raw materials per 1 liter of water). Close the container with a lid, wait 30 minutes and cool. The mouth is rinsed with warm infusion 4 times a day.
- 20 grams of white tar should be poured with water and boiled for ten minutes. After that, the broth is left for forty minutes and filtered. Applied for ulcers, gastritis and heartburn, half a glass before meals.
- An infusion of tar is drunk fifty grams daily for disorders nervous system, depression and apathy. The composition of the decoction is very simple: thirty grams of white tar and five hundred grams of boiled water.
- When headaches appear, insist two tablespoons of dry raw materials in boiling water. After thirty minutes, strain and drink at a time.
- With deep depressions, you will need 50 g of resin and half a liter of vodka. All this is infused for seven days. After that, the infusion is filtered and applied in a teaspoon four times a day.
- During bronchitis, you need to grind the flowers of the resin (up to six tablespoons). The resulting mixture is poured with a liter of water and boiled for 4 minutes over low heat. The broth is cooled and drunk 0.5 cup three times a day.
- 50 grams of crushed flowers, two cups of boiling water are placed in a container and allowed to brew for two hours. Apply a decoction with the appearance of edema, cystitis.
Contraindications for use
Smolevka vulgaris is a plant that should be used for treatment with caution. It is strictly forbidden to use it for constipation, colic, for diseases of the stomach with low acidity. Women should not drink decoctions during pregnancy and lactation. Before using decoctions or infusions of tar, it is best to consult with people who have knowledge and experience in traditional medicine.
Smolevka ordinary is harvested during the flowering period. Drying is best done in a dark place, choosing a canopy for this. Dried plants should be stored in a tightly closed container.
Smolevka - perennial herbaceous plant with straight, slightly branching, bare stems 30–60 cm high. The leaves of the plant are gray, opposite, slightly fleshy, oval-lanceolate in shape. The flowers are white, collected in a loose inflorescence. The fruits are round capsules with kidney-shaped seeds. The plant blooms in May-July.
Smolevka grows along roadsides, among shrubs, in meadows, near housing. The homeland of the plant is considered to be Southern Europe. It also grows in Russia - in Western Europe and Altai.
Useful properties of resin
Smolevka as a medicinal plant is often used in folk medicine. Official science has not yet studied this herb, and its chemical composition has not been fully studied, but it is known that useful substances saponins are present in all parts of the plant. Folk healers have long noted that resin has a calming effect on the human nervous system and has hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antitoxic properties.Tinctures from this healing herb have long been used for depression, a depressed state of mind and some disorders of the nervous system. In inflammatory processes, the external use of resin tinctures in the form of lotions and compresses helps well. Many experts note the positive effect of the plant on general state person.
The use of resin
Herbs and plant roots are mainly used as medicinal raw materials. Smolevka herb tea is widely used in folk medicine as an effective diuretic or for dysentery. In the form of compresses, it also helps well in the treatment of lichen. In the old days, a decoction of the roots of the resin was considered an effective remedy for tuberculosis and excessive shortness of breath. A decoction of the inflorescences of this medicinal plant is often used for chronic bronchitis and as a sedative.Smolevka preparations are quite effective in diseases Bladder and kidneys, the juice of the plant helps with conjunctivitis, and rinsing the mouth with a decoction of the herb soothes toothache.
Infusion of resin: a glass of boiling water should be poured over 10-15 g of dried and chopped grass, infused for 30 minutes and taken twice a day for half a glass before meals. This remedy is useful in dysentery.
Decoction of resin: 10 g of dried herbs are poured into 0.5 liters of boiling water and languish in a water bath for no more than 5 minutes. Take a decoction should be two tablespoons three times a day
Smolevka drooping
This variety is a perennial herbaceous plant, reaching a height of 60 cm and having a branched stem. Smolevka drooping is widespread in the forest-steppe zone of the European part of Russia. It is often used in folk medicine for the preparation of medicines. The aerial part of the plant is carefully cut, washed and laid out for drying in a room with good ventilation. Finished medicinal raw materials are usually stored in a paper bag at room temperature.Tinctures of drooping resin are most often used for disorders of the nervous system. They have sedative and analgesic properties, and also interfere with the accumulation harmful substances in the body.
Smolevka common
Smolevka vulgaris is a perennial herbaceous plant of a bluish-green color. She has narrow, pointed or lanceolate leaves and white flowers, located in the thyroid semi-umbel.grows this species in Siberia, the Caucasus, the Far East, Central Asia and throughout the European part of Russia. In folk medicine, common tar is used to combat chronic bronchitis, dysentery and a number of other diseases. In addition, the tea of this healing herb is known as an effective sedative.
Smolevka narrow-leaved
This variety of plant is notable for one extraordinary fact: scientists managed to germinate the seeds of the narrow-leaved resin, whose age was more than thirty thousand years. They were found at a depth of 38 meters in the permafrost.Thanks to this plant, science has moved forward in research on the freezing and subsequent revival of certain crops.
Contraindications to the use of resin
Some types of resin are contraindicated in colitis with constipation and gastritis with low stomach acid. Also, preparations based on this plant are not recommended during pregnancy and nursing mothers. Before starting treatment, be sure to consult your doctor.belongs to the family of plants called cloves, Latin the name of this plant will sound like this: Silene vulgaris (Moench.) Garcke (S. cucubalus Wib.). As for the name of the common tarantula family itself, in Latin it will be like this: Caryophyllaceae Juss.
Description of Smolevka ordinary
Smolevka ordinary or cracker is a perennial herbaceous bare plant of a bluish color, the height of which will fluctuate between thirty and sixty centimeters. The stems of this plant will be erect, while at the top they are branched. The leaves of the common resin are somewhat fleshy, opposite, sessile, pointed, they can be either ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, while the lower leaves will be short-petiolate. The flowers of this plant are painted in white tones, they are on rather short thin pedicels and are located in a paniculate loose inflorescence, such flowers can be either unisexual or bisexual. The common calyx is strongly swollen and bare, as well as broadly ovoid, in color such a calyx will be whitish-green, and its length will be equal to thirteen to eighteen millimeters, and its width will be equal to seven to ten millimeters. The petals of this plant are white in color, they turn out to be one and a half to two times longer than the calyx, and they will also be dissected almost to the very base into obovate lobes. The fruit of the common resin is an almost spherical box endowed with kidney-shaped seeds.The flowering of this plant falls on the period from June to September. Under natural conditions, this plant is found in the Caucasus, Belarus, Far East, Central Asia, Western and Eastern Siberia, as well as the European part of Russia. For growth, this plant prefers the edges of forests, wasteland, places near roads, fallow fields, borders and crops.
Description of the medicinal properties of common resin
Smolevka vulgaris is endowed with very valuable healing properties, while it is recommended to use the herb of this plant for therapeutic purposes. The concept of grass includes stems, flowers and leaves. Such medicinal raw materials are recommended to be harvested throughout the entire flowering period of this plant.The presence of such valuable healing properties should be explained by the content of the saponin silenoside in the composition of the roots of this plant, while the carbohydrate lactosine will be in the fresh roots, and the rhizomes, in turn, will contain lactosine. Ascorbic acid, synapic and ferulic acids are present in the grass of the common resin.
A decoction prepared on the basis of the inflorescences of this plant is indicated for use in chronic bronchitis, and for the treatment of erysipelas, it is recommended to use a decoction of the herb of the common resin. An infusion based on the whole flowering plant should be used as a very effective sedative, and also used for vaginitis, leucorrhoea and metritis.
In case of gastritis, which is accompanied by an increased acid-forming function of the stomach, it is recommended to use preparations based on the herb of common tar. Such healing agents are still used as a diuretic and are used for various diseases of the kidneys and bladder. The herb of this plant is used in the form of baths and is endowed with an emollient effect, while the juice of the common resin should be used for conjunctivitis. In Belarus, the herb is used for dysentery and is used as a diuretic.
Strong infusions are used when infected with streptococci for the external treatment of redness and inflammation on the skin.
Brew one tablespoon with a glass of boiling water, leave for a minute, strain.
Drink one tablespoon three times a day.
Pour three tablespoons of dry, chopped herbs with a glass of boiling water, leave for 2 hours in a sealed container, then strain.
Infusion is washed and abundantly moistened with redness and inflammation on the skin.
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Smolevka
This perennial plant belongs to the clove family, a genus of tars. The people gave him other names. The most popular of them are cracker, smolyanka, tooth-potion. Smolevka does not grow above 60 centimeters. Its leaves are dark green in color, and the flowers are white-gray. The blooming of the cracker usually takes a long period, from July to September inclusive. The fruits of the medicinal plant ripen by mid-autumn. They are oval in shape, pointed at the tip.
You can often find smolevka in meadows, among grasses, in glades in the forest-steppe zones of the temperate climate zone. Smolevka often grows in gardens like a weed.
Procurement and storage
The medicinal raw materials of this plant are collected during flowering. It is better to prepare it in places of intensive growth. Then it is laid out in an even layer in a room with good ventilation or in the open air so that direct sunlight does not fall on it. The finished medicinal raw material of the cracker is stored in linen bags or tightly closed glass bags. At the same time, the temperature in the room where dry grass is stored should not exceed 20 degrees.
Application in everyday life
The cracker has never been used in everyday life. It is considered a weed grass, which is spitted out in vegetable gardens and crops.
Composition and medicinal properties
In our time, not all the properties and composition of the plant have been studied thoroughly. But it is known that it contains saponins.
Traditional healers use smolevka, as a rule, for emotional disorders. Its main medicinal properties are:
- Sedatives.
- Sedatives.
- Tonic.
- Painkillers.
- Antiseptic.
- Anti-inflammatory.
A wide range of medicinal properties allows the plant to be used internally as a sedative and analgesic in inflammatory processes, and externally as a disinfectant.
The use of resin in traditional medicine: recipes
Herbalists, traditional healers have gained experience in using crackers in the treatment of various ailments. We offer you several recipes based on medicinal plants:
- Flapper treatment for diarrhea. With diarrhea, infusions of resin are used. It is necessary to pour 15 grams of her dry grass with boiling water in the amount of 300 grams and leave for half an hour. After filtering, the healing liquid is consumed 100 grams three times a day at the beginning of each meal.
- Smolevka infusion for skin treatment. In inflammatory processes, a liquid for compresses is prepared by infusing three tablespoons of dry raw crackers in a glass of boiling water for an hour. Manipulations should be carried out 2-3 times a day.
- Treatment of inflammation of the oral cavity. Take 30 grams of tar flowers, pour over a liter of boiling water, close the lid in an enameled container and leave for 40 minutes. Then warm strained infusion should rinse your mouth 3-4 times a day.
Contraindications
It is impossible to use a cracker for gastritis with low acidity, constipation, colitis. It is forbidden to receive funds based on it for expectant mothers and lactating women.
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Useful and healing properties of drooping resin (tar)
A perennial herbaceous plant with a bushy and sticky stem. Basal leaves in a rosette, palmate, stem - lanceolate and even linear. The flowers are creamy-white, drooping, collected in a one-sided panicle. Blooms from May to August. The fruit is an oval-conical capsule.
Infusion: 2 teaspoons of herbs in a glass of boiling water, leave for 2 hours and take according to Art. spoon 3 times a day. A strong infusion (3 teaspoons of herbs per cup of boiling water) is used for washing and lotions in inflammatory (and even erysipelas) processes.
Smolevka
Smolevka (lat. Silene nutans) is a plant from the genus Smolevka, belonging to the Clove family. The people know her by such names: tooth-potion, smolyanka, cracker. The plant reaches up to 60 cm in height. The color of the leaves is dark green. Flowers are grey-white. Their flowering occurs from June to September. The fruits ripen by mid-autumn. The shape is oval. Pointed at the tip.
Grows in meadows, open glades, among the grass in the forest and forest-steppe zones of the central part of the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere. It also occurs in cities, as a weed.
Preparation and storage of resin
Collection is carried out during flowering. This is best done in places where the growth of these plants is quite intense. The plant part must be cut and washed. Then you need to evenly spread the raw materials in rooms with good ventilation. Drying can be done in the open air, the main thing is not under the sun.
When ready, the plant is stored in tightly closed containers or in tightly closed paper bags. The temperature should be at room temperature, in a darkened room.
Application in everyday life
Smolevka did not find its application in everyday life. For gardens and streets are common weeds.
The composition and medicinal properties of resin
At the moment, resin is not well understood, but it is known that the whole plant contains saponins. ethnoscience uses smolevka mainly for emotional disorders. The main properties of grass
- Sedative
- sedative
- Tonic
- Painkiller
- Antiseptic for external inflammation on the skin (strong infusions)
The use of resin in folk medicine
Despite the fact that in ordinary living conditions, Smolevka has not found a use for itself, it is much more valuable from the point of view of traditional medicine.
Her infusions, decoctions and teas soothe, relieve inflammation and pain, and disinfect.
With diarrhea, tincture of resin is used
15 grams of grass flowers should be poured with water and wait until it is infused for half an hour. After insisting, decant into another container and take twice a day, 1/2 cup on an empty stomach.
Strong resin infusion for skin, compresses and inflammatory processes
Add boiling water to 3 tbsp. infuse with the lid closed for 2 hours. Strain, wash, or moisten the inflammation on the skin well several times a day.
The following recipe for inflammation in the mouth is also used
30 g of flowers per 1 liter of boiling water. Pour in and wait two hours. Use as directed. Rinse your mouth with tincture 6 times a day.
A decoction of the herb Smolevka with increased acidity in gastritis, heartburn, severe headaches, ulcers
20 g of grass pour half a liter hot water. Cook over low heat for five minutes, then cool.
Take 1/2 cup before meals, three times a day.
Soothing infusions
- Herbal tincture for insomnia, depression, emotional outbursts and trauma:
To 25 g of grated grass add 1 liter of boiling water; wait two hours. Strain at the end. Reception 2 tablespoons, up to four times a day.
- Tincture for headaches or insomnia
2 tablespoons, dilute herbs in two glasses with hot water. wait 2 hours.
Reception - 1 glass per day; split 2-3 times.
- Smolevka tincture on alcohol for emotional instability, apathetic or depressive state
Pour 50 g of grass with half a liter of vodka. Keep for three weeks in a dark room. Then strain.
Reception: dilute one teaspoon with 0.4 l of water and drink three to four times a day.
Contraindications
The use of this plant is contraindicated in gastritis with low or no acidity. It is also undesirable to use resin for colitis and constipation. It is advisable for pregnant and lactating women to refrain from taking medications.
Smolevka drooping (smolyanka)
Name: Smolevka drooping (smolyanka)
A perennial herbaceous plant with a bushy and sticky stem. Basal leaves in a rosette, palmate, stem - lanceolate and even linear. The flowers are creamy white, drooping, collected in a one-sided panicle. Blooms from May to August. The fruit is an oval-conical capsule.
Distributed in the forest and forest-steppe zones of Siberia. Grows in birch and pine forests, forest edges, meadows.
All parts of the plant contain saponins.
In folk medicine, an infusion or decoction of the herb is used for disorders of the nervous system, as a sedative, analgesic and antitoxic agent.
Infusion: 2 teaspoons of herbs in a glass of boiling water, leave for 2 hours and take according to Art. spoon 3 times every day. A strong infusion (3 teaspoons of herbs per cup of boiling water) is used for washing and lotions in inflammatory (and even erysipelas) processes.
INDEX
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Common Smolevka (Silene vulgaris)
Sin .: cracker, tooth-potion, smolyanka, oberna, potoskuyka, egg grass.
Smolevka vulgaris is a perennial herbaceous plant. The flowers are white, with a blister-swollen calyx. If the bubbly part of the flower is hit on the palm of your hand, it will pop loudly, so the popular name for the plant is cracker. Smolevka - medicinal plant However, it is used only in traditional medicine.
flower formula
In medicine
In official medicine, resin is not used, since the chemical composition of the plant is not well understood. The plant is not included in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation and is used only in traditional medicine.
Contraindications and side effects
Smolevka ordinary is forbidden to use for colitis, constipation, gastritis with low acidity of gastric juice. Also, contraindications to the use of smolevka are pregnancy, lactation and childhood.
In horticulture
Smolevka vulgaris is used in landscape design like a plant alpine slides. The stems of the plant spread along the ground, forming high rounded grassy "cushions". The growing stalks of the resin are easily rooted. As the “cushion” grows along the edges, it is recommended to cut the plant: such a haircut leads to a more uniform growth of young shoots in all directions. Smolevki growing in rock gardens do not respond well to waterlogging of the soil, therefore, when planting plants, it is recommended to add sand or granite chips. Smolevka ordinary propagates by seeds, cuttings and division of overgrown bushes.
In cooking
Smolevka vulgaris is widely used in Italian cuisine. Recipes use the name "sculpit" or "stridoli". Leaves and shoots of Smolevka are suitable for food: fresh, as well as stewed or steamed. Italian housewives and cooks add young leaves of smolevka to soups, risottos, closed pizzas, they make stuffing for ravioli.
In the Spanish province of La Mancha, the tar leaves are called "collejas" and are used to make a dish called Widower Gazpacho.
In Northern Cyprus, tender tar leaves are part of vitamin salads. The old leaves of Smolevka are boiled or fried with garlic, and also added to omelettes and risotto, as in Italy.
In other areas
Smolevka vulgaris is a good honey plant. The pollen of some types of tarsus (including common tarsus) is food for larvae of butterflies and ants.
Dried and crushed roots of tarantula vulgaris, mixed with water, make a good soapy solution that can be used as an alternative detergent.
Classification
Common Smolevka (lat. Silene vulgaris) is a perennial herbaceous plant, a species of the genus Smolevka (lat. Silene), of the Clove family (lat. Caryophyllaceae).
Botanical description
Smolevka vulgaris is a perennial herbaceous plant with a height of cm. Stem glabrous, erect. Leaves lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, up to 10 cm long and up to 30 mm wide, glaucous, lower ones narrowed into a short petiole. The flowers are located on short stalks. Calyx swollen, glabrous, 7-10 mm long and 7-10 mm wide, with 20 veins. Petals 1.5-2 times longer than the sepals, white, with a dissected limb. During the day, the flowers are half-closed, at night they open wide and smell strongly, attracting their main pollinators - night butterflies. The fruit is a spherical capsule containing kidney-shaped seeds. Flowering period from June to September.
Spreading
The homeland of the common Smolevka is the coast of Western and Northern Europe. The plant is common in Europe, Asia Minor and Central Asia, the Caucasus, the Himalayas, Mongolia, Japan, North America and North Africa. The plant is widely distributed throughout Russia, except for the Arctic and southern desert regions.
Smolevka ordinary grows in meadows, edges, clearings, in light forests, in clearings, wastelands, roadsides, along ditches; more common in riverine meadows, in the southern regions it litters grain crops.
Procurement of raw materials
As a raw material for the preparation of traditional medicine, only the aerial part of the resin is usually used. Harvest the plant during the flowering period. After cutting, the grass of the common resin is thoroughly washed. After that, each stem is carefully laid out on a dry horizontal surface. The room where drying will take place must be well ventilated.
Dried resin is stored in the dark, in tightly closed paper bags at room temperature, without exposure to sunlight.
Sometimes the fruits of the plant are also harvested as raw materials. The time of harvesting the fruits of the common resin is mid-autumn.
Chemical composition
The chemical composition of tar ordinary is not completely known. But it has already been established that the plant contains triterpene saponins, flavone glycoside saponarin, resins, organic acids, tannins, flavonoids: vitexin, isovitexinorientin, homofientin; synapic and ferulic acids, ascorbic acid, traces of alkaloids, as well as coumarin.
Pharmacological properties
Smolevka ordinary has a diuretic, emollient, sedative, sedative, tonic and analgesic effect. The plant is also used for external lesions skin and has an antiseptic effect.
Thanks to the saponin silenoside, which is part of the plant, the common resin is able to cope with some diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, for example, with chronic gastritis.
Application in traditional medicine
Smolevka herb tea is widely used in folk medicine for dysentery, as well as for chronic bronchitis, heartburn, gastritis, kidney and bladder diseases, and as a sedative. In the spring, with vitamin salads from fresh herbs, plants are saved from beriberi.
Infusion of a flowering plant is used for leucorrhoea, vaginitis and metritis, gastritis, kidney and bladder diseases as a diuretic. The herb has a softening property, and is also used to prepare decoctions for taking healing baths. In the form of compresses, a decoction of tar grass also helps well in the treatment of lichen and erysipelas. The juice of the plant helps with conjunctivitis, and rinsing the mouth with a decoction of the herb soothes toothache. The tincture of the plant is used for severe headaches and premenstrual syndrome.
In the old days, a decoction of the roots of the resin was considered an effective remedy for tuberculosis and excessive shortness of breath.
History reference
Sometimes the origin of the name is associated with the Greek word ‘sialon’ - saliva, for the sticky stems of some species. According to another version, the Latin name is associated with the name of the Greek god, the companion of Bacchus: ‘Silenos’ is a constantly drunk, fat satyr, for swollen cups of some species. And one more opinion - the name of Smolevka is similar to the Greek word ‘silene’ - the moon, for the flowering of certain species at night.
If you carefully pick one "ball" of crackers and hit it, you will definitely hear a real pop. Hence the name of this plant - "cracker".
In ancient times, poorly growing children were bathed in a decoction of the roots of Smolevka, they drank an infusion of Smolevka when they were bitten by rabid animals.
Earlier in Spain, where the leaves of the resin were valued as a green vegetable, the collectors and sellers of the plant had their own name - “collejeros”.
A group of Russian biologists, led by D. A. Gilichinsky, managed to grow from a seed that had lain in the permafrost for about 32 thousand years, one of the types of resin - Silene stenophylla.
Literature
1. Gubanov, I. A. et al. 557. Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke - Common Smolyovka, or Flapper // Illustrated guide to plants of Central Russia. In 3 volumes - M .: T-in scientific. ed. KMK, In-t technologist. issl., 2003. - V. 2. Angiosperms (dicotyledonous: dicotyledonous). - S. 166. - ISBN28-9.
2. Maltsev A.I. Atlas of the most important species of weeds in the USSR, vol. 2. M.-L.: Sel'khozgiz, 1939, pp. 42-43.
3. Nikitin V.V. Weeds of the flora of the USSR. Leningrad: Nauka, 1983. 454 p.
4. Flora of the USSR, vol. 6, Ed. Shishkin B.K. M.-L.: AN SSSR, 1936. 956 p.
Smolevka ordinary - description, useful properties, application
Smolevka refers to a perennial herbaceous plant species, it is distinguished by a straight, branched bare stem that reaches a height of 60 cm. White flowers can be collected in loose inflorescences. The fruits are a round box that contains a large number of kidney seeds.
Description of the resin
The plant belongs to the clove family. In the people it is called a cracker, a potion tooth, a tar. The fruits must be cut in the middle of autumn. They are oval in shape, tapered at the ends. The fruits are harvested in mid-autumn. It is very important to harvest the plant when it blooms, be sure to choose places where there is a lot of resin. First, the plant part is cut off, then the rest, everything must be thoroughly washed and dried outside in a shady area. Store in a tightly closed paper bag at room temperature, out of direct sunlight.
Begins to bloom in late spring to mid-summer. You can meet Smolevka near the road, bushes, in the meadow, near houses. Smolevka's homeland is the southern part of Europe. Prefers to grow on Russian territory near Altai.
The most common types of plants are:
1. The drooping resin refers to a perennial herbaceous plant species, reaches a height of about 70 cm, and is distinguished by a branched stem. The plant is distributed in the forest, steppe, in some parts of Russia. Traditional medicine effectively uses it and prepares various medicines from it. To do this, you need to carefully cut off the above-ground part, rinse it and lay it out to dry in a room that is well and constantly ventilated. It should be stored in paper packaging, the temperature should be at room temperature. A tincture with drooping resin will help cure mental disorders. It has a sedative and analgesic effect on the body, resists the formation of toxins.
2. Ordinary resin refers to a perennial plant species, has a bluish-green color. It differs in pointed, narrow, lanceolate leaves, its flowers are white, located in semi-umbels. You can meet a plant species in the Caucasus, Siberia, Russia, Eastern territories. Traditional medicine uses common tar for the treatment of dysentery, acute and chronic forms of bronchitis, has a calming effect.
3. Narrow-leaved resin - this is an old type of plant, it is quite rare.
Useful properties of resin
This type of plant is valued by folk healers. In official medicine, resin is not used, therefore, they have not yet fully studied what is included in its composition. The plant is rich in saponin. With the help of decoctions, infusions, you can calm the nerves, it is also the best remedy to stop bleeding, relieve inflammation, anesthetize and remove toxic substances from the human body.
Tincture can be cured depressive syndrome, nervous disorders. In cases of an inflammatory process on the skin, it is necessary to use external compresses, lotions. The plant brings the whole body back to normal.
The use of resin
For the preparation of the medicinal product, the root, the herb is used. Tea with the addition of herbs, the plant has a diuretic effect, will help cure dysentery. Compresses can cure lichen. Since ancient times, a decoction based on the root has been used to treat tuberculosis, shortness of breath. The inflorescence is used in the treatment of chronic bronchitis, sedatives.
It is effective to use resin for inflammation of the urinary system, kidney, with the help of plant juice, conjunctivitis can be cured, if a tooth hurts a lot, it is necessary to prepare a decoction from resin and rinse the mouth with it.
To prepare an infusion from a plant, you need to take 200 ml of boiling water, 15 g of finely chopped grass, leave for half an hour, consume up to two times 100 ml before eating. This is the best medicine, which will help in a short time to cure dysentery. To prepare a decoction based on tar, you need to take 10 grams of dry grass, pour a liter of boiling water over the floor, boil over low heat for up to 5 minutes. Drink a decoction three times a day, at least two tablespoons.
To cure gastrointestinal upset, it is necessary to use such a tincture, it will need 20 grams of the plant, a glass of water, leave for 30 minutes, use twice a day. Strong infusion can cure skin diseases, for this apply compresses. Inflammatory process in the mouth can be removed with a flower decoction.
The tincture should be used different forms gastritis, severe headache, peptic ulcer, if heartburn bothers you. From depression, insomnia, traumatism, emotional outburst. Insist in the dark for up to one month. Drink half a liter of water three times a day.
Contraindications to the use of resin
It is forbidden to use the plant for colitis, constipation, gastritis, if a person suffers from low gastric acidity. It is forbidden to use smolevka during pregnancy, during the lactation period. Be sure to consult with a knowledgeable specialist about dosage and side effects before starting treatment.
Thus, decoctions based on resin are the best tonic, sedative, sedative, analgesic, antiseptic. Most often, the plant is included in the composition of drugs for emotional disorders, due to the substance silenoside, it is not toxic, it can be used to cure various diseases of the nervous system. Also anacid gastritis. Alcohol tincture is used to treat chronic gastritis. In spite of medicinal properties plants, it is necessary to take into account all contraindications, pay attention to side effects so as not to harm the body even more.
Smolevka broad-leaved. Smolevka-cracker
It is extremely easy to recognize her. In which of our herbs can you still find such cleft-leaved calyxes? They look like tied bags. And in each hidden round green box. Open the box in the fall, count how many flattened, bud-like seeds are in it. It will turn out something about 45. In total, a tar bush showers up to eight thousand small seeds. Harvest, to be sure! Flapper is a weed. Farmers do not like her for stickiness to grain crops and are upset when she annoyingly flashes in crops. Gardeners and gardeners, they are harassing a firecracker with weeds: do not grow in the beds and in the aisles! But most of all, it goes to foragers. It is added to the seeds of clover and alfalfa - you can’t separate it, in the herbage the only worthwhile method of deliverance is to mow the weed before fruiting. So the cracker is not harmless to farmers. Why is she a "cracker" - everyone knows. Whoever did not tear off these swollen cups and did not hit themselves on the forehead or on the arm with them: if you hit it - cotton, the air breaks through the walls of the cup with force. From claps and a nickname.
The scientific name of the cracker is Smolevka broad-leaved (Silene latifolia).
This grass is perennial, somewhat gray in appearance, its stems are straight, hollow, from 40 to 100 centimeters in height. The ends of the stems and twigs are decorated with flowers, those swollen “tied pouches” that we flap so well in childhood. The general contour of the inflorescence is a loose semi-umbrella. The leaves of the firecracker are wide and long, in botanists they are called lanceolate, pointed. The upper leaves sit on stems, the lower ones are attached to them with a short, serrated petiole along the edges. It remains to be said about the roots. They are branched near the cracker and spread in the soil to a considerable depth. And most importantly, the roots contribute to this grass to settle. Each fragment with a sleeping bud gives rise to a new bush. This means that in order to lime the tar, it is not enough for the cultivator to monitor the purity of the seed, it is necessary to introduce stubble stubble plowing in the fields, early and deep autumn plowing, otherwise keep the weedy land under clean fallow.
If we visit the cracker during the day and late at night, we will easily notice a big change in it. During the day, the grass stood with closed, nondescript flowers, and each of the five petals was either crumpled, or turned to the dull side. And in the evening, Smolevka opened its capacious lamps, spreading its white petals wider, and smelled of delicate aromas. It turns out that she attracts small night butterflies. It is they who can pollinate the resin. For this, the cracker will not only treat butterflies with nectar, but also “allow” them to lay eggs in the depths of their flowers. When the plant acquires an ovary, caterpillars will begin to hatch in several juicy boxes. Moving freely within the tubeless ovary, caterpillars easily find their food there - tender ovules and young seeds. And as the brood grows up and the time will come for the caterpillars to pupate, they calmly gnaw holes in the box and leave the flower-dwelling forever. With their tricks, the caterpillars do not cause much harm to the Smolevka, and they do not live in all fruits.
Against objectionable insects, the Smolevka keeps trapping belts at the ready. Take a look at your own cracker sister - Smolevka drooped. You see how her shoots are thickly smeared with resinous glue. Six-legged gourmets cannot scatter along such stems: the plant is waiting for flyers, not runners. Such prudence is characteristic of many representatives of the clove family, to which the smolevka belongs. The very word "smolevka" is reminiscent of sticky resin, thickly protruding on the upper internodes. The same generic feature of the herb is also captured in the scientific name of tars - Silene, dating back to the Greek concept of "saliva" (introduced into botanical use by Lobelius in 1576).
In economic terms, the use of smolevki is quite small. On pastures, livestock do not eat them and even disdain in hay. Isn't there where camels would like to chew dry crackers. True, hunters claim that deer do not abhor smolevki, but is such a fact comforting? Smolevkas are also not suitable in the pharmacy business, although traces of alkaloids were found in their tops in the seed-bearing phase. Traditional medicine prescribed cracker grass tea as a remedy for dysentery. A decoction of the roots was tried to treat consumption and shortness of breath. Peasants bathed scrawny, poorly growing children in infusions on Smolevka. Flapper root, powdered, foams, and in this soapy water it is good to wash greasy things or remove greasy stains on clothes.
Crackers come across not only in the fields but in the gardens, it pretty much happens among the bushes, and in the meadows, and, of course, on the roadside. Everywhere, excluding the Far North. Abroad Smolevka broad-leaved well known to the inhabitants of the countries Western Europe as well as the Mongols and the Japanese. As an invasive plant, it has spread to North Africa and North America.
In total, there are 400 species of tars in the world flora, of which 153 are found within our Fatherland. Because of their beauty, flower growers grow some of the smolevkas on their plots. Usually this Smolevka drooping, rose heavenly and oriental. Interestingly, in some countries, young shoots of crackers are eaten as early spring greens. They taste somewhat like asparagus.
Take a look at this weed. Count twenty longitudinal strokes on her swollen calyx. Noticeable all around and light mesh. The original cracker.
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