Acceptance of an apartment with shortcomings. How to accept an apartment in a new building: detailed instructions. Seek professional help if
Despite the fact that housing in new residential complexes is considered to be of higher quality, residents often face all sorts of problems, such as violation of the layout, problems with electrical wiring, piping, improperly executed glazing, and even leaking roofs and sewers. By law, the developer must eliminate these problems and transfer them to the owners of the apartment in the proper form. Future tenants can indicate the inconsistencies that have been made during the acceptance of housing. In fact, equity holders often miss the violations committed by the construction company and correct them at their own expense during repairs, thereby increasing the overall cost of housing.
To defend your rights, get an apartment without marriage and save money, use the materials of our article. In it, we will describe the features and procedure for the acceptance of a new building, give helpful tips, how to accept an apartment in a new building from a developer, note what to look for when accepting an apartmentto avoid unexpected costs and problems in the future.
What is housing acceptance
Acceptance of apartments in a new building- this is an inspection of housing by a shareholder or buyer, as a result of which an act of acceptance and transfer of real estate is signed or an act is drawn up to eliminate deficiencies. Upon inspection, the future owner must make sure that the construction company has fulfilled its obligations in full and rents housing that meets construction and operational standards.
General procedure and acceptance rules
The initiator of the procedure is the developer, who notifies buyers and participants in shared construction about the commissioning of the facility and invites them to go through the acceptance procedure. Future tenants receive a notification, which indicates from what date the keys will be issued and an appointment is made for the procedure for accepting and transferring apartments. For communication, the managers of the construction company use the contact details of the buyers: they call back by phone, send an e-mail to the post office or registered at the address of residence.
Important! If you do not respond to the invitation of the construction company for more than 2 months and evade acceptance of the apartment, the developer will transfer the property unilaterally. This right is enshrined in Article 8 of the Federal Law No. 114.
On the appointed day, the shareholder or the buyer arrives at the object with a passport, an equity participation agreement or a real estate purchase agreement. Accompanied by a representative of the construction company, an inspection and verification of the characteristics of the apartment is carried out. If there are no claims against the developer, the parties sign an act of acceptance and transfer. The document, together with the DDU, is submitted to the Rosreestr for registration of ownership. If duringinspection of the apartmentviolations are identified, a defective act is drawn up, which contains claims against the construction company.
Important! If the acceptance is not carried out by the buyer himself, but by his representative, he must present a power of attorney certified by a notary.
What tools will you need during acceptance
To identify defects and fix them for making a claim, take a set of simple tools and devices with you:
🔸 camera - to fix violations and inconsistencies;
🔸 flashlight - for inspecting the darkened areas of the apartment, for reinsurance, if there is no lighting in any of the rooms;
🔸 building level - to check if the surface of the wall is flat;
🔸 vertical plumb - to make sure that the wall is vertical to the floor and ceiling;
🔸 tape measure or laser rangefinder - to measure the actual size of the rooms and then recheck the total area of ​​housing;
🔸 an inexpensive electrical appliance or voltmeter - for checking sockets and the voltage in them.
Important! Do not check sockets with a charger and an iPhone. If there is a power failure, the phone may short out.
Fix the shortcomings found during the inspection of the apartment and describe in a notebook, take a picture. These data will be needed to fill out a defective act, prove a violation of the construction contract and calculate the amount of compensation if the developer cannot eliminate the defects, for example, if the actual area of ​​​​the apartment differs from the projected one.
Is it differentaccepting an apartment from a builderwith and without trim
The complete set of housing with and without decoration is different:
Finished | Without finishing |
Walls, floor and ceiling are leveled for fine puttying, painting or finishing | Walls, floors, ceilings in rooms are parts of the supporting structure and partitions without putty |
Wiring done gas pipes, water supply and sewerage, electrical wiring, sockets installed | Entrance door with lock installed |
Heating system installed: radiators, pipes, heated towel rail. The coolant can be supplied from an autonomous boiler, a heating plant in the house or from central system heat supply | Glazing completed |
Can be installed plumbing | The power grid is connected to the switchboard |
The apartment has sewer risers, water supply without piping | |
Gas pipe connected to the counter | |
Natural ventilation through shafts and holes in the walls |
Important! The table lists the standard characteristics of new buildings with and without finishing. The complete set may differ depending on the principles of the developer and the terms of the contract. For example, new buildings without finishing can be delivered with partial or full electrical wiring, installed system individual or central heating, cement screed on the floor. Finishing can be rough, improved rough or turnkey, when the developer rents out ready-to-live-in housing with repairs.
The acceptance procedure directly depends on the configuration of the housing, so it is necessary to check whether all the clauses of the contract have been fulfilled by the developer and the quality of their implementation.
Acceptance of an apartment in a new building without finishing
đź“Ť Construction quality - there should be no cracks, bumps, displaced building blocks, holes and crevices into adjacent rooms or outside.
📍 Room geometry and area - measure the dimensions of the rooms, calculate their area and the total area of ​​housing, check the verticality of the walls, the angles between partitions, floor and ceiling should be 90 degrees. Compare the actual layout and area with the plan.
đź“Ť Window and door openings - check the quality and smoothness of the front door, window structures, locks.
đź“Ť Communications - the power grid and pipes must be connected according to the plan, the wires must be insulated, no leaks are allowed in the plumbing, sewerage and heating systems. All communications are mounted firmly, do not stagger, do not sag. Additionally, check the seals on the meters and record their readings.
đź“Ť Indoor microclimate - the rooms should be dry, drips and mold on the walls are not allowed. The exhaust air must be drawn into the ventilation system, to check this, bring a match to the hood - if the flame is deflected into the shaft, there is a draft.
Acceptance of an apartment in a new building with finishing
Construction quality control |
Checking the quality of the finish In accordance with the terms of the contract: |
Reconciliation of the actual area with the declared in the project | floor, ceiling, wall finishes |
The presence and location of interior partitions | electrical wiring, sockets, switches, lamps |
Quality windows and doors | sewerage and water supply |
Quality of communications | plumbers |
heating systems | |
additional communications, such as TV cable or internet connection |
Acceptance of an apartment from the developer - step by step instructions
Acceptance of an apartment in a new building takes place in 4 stages:
- Based on the results of a technical inventory, a DDU equity participation agreement or a real estate purchase and sale agreement, an act of mutual settlements between the construction company and the future owner is drawn up.
- The buyer inspects the apartment and signs the act of inspection.
- If the developer rents housing of good quality, without defects, of the planned area, the future owner signs the act of acceptance and transfer of the apartment.
- The owner receives the keys to the apartment and concludes an agreement with the operating company.
Checklist for acceptance of an apartment in a new building
All characteristics of future real estate - area, ceiling height, quality of finishes - are prescribed in the equity agreement or in the sale and purchase agreement. In order to get acquainted with the planned characteristics for comparing them during acceptance with the actual state of housing, find the item “Characteristics of the object” in the contract. Usually, this information is indicated at the beginning of the document in the section “Subject of the contract”.
Important! Representatives of the company will offer you to choose a convenient day and time to inspect the property. It is better to schedule the procedure in the morning or in the middle of the day. With natural light, you can correctly assess the general condition of the local area, the house itself and the apartment.
During acceptance, take your time, carefully inspect the supporting structure, finish, communications. In order not to miss anything, be guided by the list and recommendations that we provide below.
🔹 Total area.Take with you a property plan or a copy of it, having previously studied the features of the layout of the rooms and non-residential premises. At the reception, independently double-check the dimensions of the premises and recalculate the area of ​​\u200b\u200bhousing. Use a rangefinder or tape measure to measure. The length and width of the premises are measured along the walls at floor level. If the rooms are irregular in shape, to simplify the calculations, divide them into simple shapes - rectangles, squares, triangles. If the actual area of ​​the apartment turned out to be less than planned, demand compensation for the difference.
Important! If the dimensions of the rooms differ from the planned ones by only a few centimeters, the total difference in area can reach 1.5-2 m 2 and more. Considering that the average cost of 1 m 2 is 53,000 rubles, the construction company will be obliged to return more than 100,000 rubles. Some developers may offer non-monetary compensation, but, for example, a storeroom on the floor or a parking space of an appropriate value.
Example: Sergey invested in the construction of a new residential complex by signing a share agreement for the purchase of an apartment of 52 m². He paid 8,000,000 rubles for real estate. During the acceptance, Sergey discovered that the actual area of ​​his apartment is 50.5 m². Despite the fact that the original contract did not contain a clause on the procedure for compensation, the shareholder calculated that the price of 1 m² is 153,846 rubles, which means that the developer is obliged to return him 230,769 rubles for the missing 1.5 m². By writing a claim, Sergey received the compensation due to him.
🚪 Entrance door.Open and close the front door several times, the door leaf should move smoothly in the box, not sag, and the lock and handle should not jam. To check how the door frame was installed, leave the door ajar. If the door is installed crookedly, it will close or open without external effort. The dimensions of the door frame must correspond to the dimensions of the opening; the use of other building materials, for example, foam boards, to compensate for the difference in the size of the opening and the door is considered a violation. Pay attention to the floor near the entrance: the screed should not crumble.
đź–Ľ Windows.The quality of the installation of double-glazed windows is checked by analogy with the front door: the windows must be installed evenly, open and close smoothly, not jam, and be easily set to the ventilation mode. When putting the apartment into operation, scratches, cracks, dirt on double-glazed windows are not allowed.
🔼 Ceiling.During the construction of brick or panel houses, the floors are made up of separate slabs. When installing the plates, joints are formed between them, which the developer must fill with mortar and level. During construction using monolithic-frame technology, the ceilings are even without joints. Check if the height of the ceilings corresponds to the declared at the beginning of construction, if not - demand compensation.
đź”˝ Paul.If the new building is rented without a screed, there should be no construction debris on the floor, if the screed is flooded - check its quality: after the mortar has hardened, there should be no cracks, bumps, voids. The presence of voids can be checked by tapping on the floor with the heels of the shoes.
Important! Slots are allowed along the walls and between rooms in the screed. These are expansion joints that compensate for the expansion and contraction of the solution during temperature changes and prevent the screed from deforming.
🔹 Walls.The requirements for the quality of the walls depend on the finish with which the construction company delivers the objects, for example, with rough, improved rough plaster or finishing for painting or wallpapering. Depending on this, the permissible deviations of the wall surface indicated in the table are set.
Tolerances according to SNiP for plaster
Draft | improved | Finishing | |
Vertical deviation, mm/m | 3 | 2 | 1 |
Vertical deviation over the entire height of the room, mm | 15 | 10 | 5 |
Horizontal deviation, mm/m | 3 | 2 | 1 |
Roughness depth, mm | 5 | 3 | 2 |
In order to protect yourself from unforeseen situations and problems, it is important to know how to accept an apartment in a new building without finishing from the developer, what nuances to pay attention to, and what documents you should have in the process of accepting an object transferred via DDU.
Getting the keys should not be taken as a formality. It is worth carefully examining the housing for hidden defects, pointing them out to the construction company in a timely manner and demanding that the situation be corrected. The refusal of the developer to eliminate the shortcomings is a reason for filing a lawsuit. But more about everything.
The main document in the process of obtaining the keys is the act of acceptance and transfer, which is indispensable during the subsequent registration of the apartment. To receive it, all activities must be completed at the facility, and the housing is ready for delivery. The property is assigned a mailbox, and the building itself is officially accepted by the state commission and put into operation.
After receiving the necessary documents, you need to take the following steps - take an inspection sheet, assess the condition of the apartment, identify existing defects and, in the absence of comments, sign the document. From the day when the state commission accepted the building, no more than 6 months should pass. If the process is delayed, this should arouse suspicion on the part of the participant in the equity agreement.
In the process of accepting an apartment, it is worth paying attention to the content of the acceptance certificate. It should contain the following information:
- Postal address of the built house.
- The apartment number assigned by the authorized organization (PIB).
- Real estate price.
- Housing area.
Each buyer has the right to refuse the apartment if it is of poor quality. The mistake of many in signing the act of acceptance and transfer. People believe that they can fix the defects themselves in the future. This is due to the fear of shareholders. Some are afraid that the returned funds will not be enough to buy new real estate, because apartment prices are constantly increasing. Others are sure that the construction company will deliberately delay the elimination of defects, which will lead to a loss of time.
When making a DDU with a developer, it must be remembered that according to Federal Law No. 214, a guarantee applies to the transferred real estate, which is valid for five years from the date of transfer of the object. It concerns not only external design, but also interior decoration apartments. Construction companies rarely mention this item in the contract, but such a trick does not relieve them of responsibility.
What should I pay attention to when inspecting an apartment?
When concluding a DDU, it is worth studying it and paying attention to the condition in which the property is being transferred - without finishing, with rough finishing work or on a turnkey basis. The process of acceptance of the object from the construction company depends on this information. Consider all options.
Housing without finishing
When accepting an apartment without finishing work, you should take a tape measure with you and be attentive to the various elements of housing. Important to check:
- Compliance of the apartment with the plan, which is specified in the appendix to the share agreement. The width and length of rooms, corridors and other premises must correspond to the information in the document. If the property has a smaller area, the buyer has the right to demand money for the overpaid square meters. But the opposite also applies here. If the footage is higher, you will have to pay extra for each "square".
- Proper operation and installation of doors and windows. If they are damaged, the developer must replace them.
- Walls. They should not deviate in a vertical plane.
- Floors. It is important that the screed is even, and there are no traces of fungus and mold in the corners of the room, which can be easily identified by darkening.
- ventilation. The check is carried out using a conventional lighter (when brought to the vent, the fire should “pull” into the system).
- Elements of the electrical part. The contract may indicate how many cartridges and sockets are installed in the apartment. This point is worth checking and making sure it works.
Apartment with a rough finish
The situation is more complicated in the issue of checking housing with a “rough” type finish. Such work takes more time and requires knowledge of certain nuances that allow you to identify flaws and point them out to the construction company. It is worth considering the following:
- The condition of the floor, walls and ceiling when treated with improved plaster. For walls, slight irregularities in the vertical plane are allowed up to 2 mm per meter of length or up to 1 cm for the entire height of the wall. Checking is done using a plumb line or a long rail. Outwardly, there should not be more than two irregularities per 4 square meters. meters of area, and allowable recesses - no more than 3 mm. Cracks, efflorescence, shells, peeling of plaster and other obvious problems should not be.
- If the construction company used dry gypsum plaster during the finishing process, a deviation in the vertical plane of not more than 0.5 cm over the entire height or 1 mm per meter of the wall is allowed. For 4 sq. meters should be no more than 2 irregularities having a depth of up to 2 mm. Sag up to one millimeter is allowed at the places where drywall is combined, but there should be no cracks.
- Inspection of floors depends on the finish applied in the future. For laying laminate or linoleum, irregularities of no more than 2 millimeters deep are allowed. If ceramic tiles are to be laid, this parameter can reach 6 mm. Floor slope - up to 2%, but not more than 5 cm, regardless of the size of the room. In places where the concrete screed and walls are combined, there should be strips of soundproofing material.
- If the ceiling is made of cast-in-situ concrete, a deviation of up to 7.5 mm per meter or no more than 1.45 cm over a three-meter length is allowed. The maximum thickness of protrusions or sagging should be up to 2 mm with a diameter of 1 cm.
What else to pay attention to?
- When inspecting windows, it is important to pay attention to the fact that a special tape is fixed above the layer of mounting foam from the outside. All doors and frames should close easily and fit snugly against the leaves. Be sure to have high-quality and properly configured fittings. Window sills should be on the same level.
- In the process of acceptance heating system it is important to pay attention to the presence of special taps for bleeding air and temperature controllers. During the installation of radiators, certain distances must be observed - from the floor 6 cm, from the wall at least 2.5 cm and from the window sill - 5 cm or more.
- Water supply risers must be vertical and securely fixed with special clamps. The water meter assembly should have the following equipment - a shut-off valve, a coarse filter, and a water meter. It is required to check the operation of the system and the quality of the joints.
- Checking ventilation is done using a lighter (the method discussed above) or a sheet of paper. The latter must be attached to the ventilation grill. If it is "stuck", the system is working normally. Otherwise, we can talk about a contaminated vent.
- The input electrical panel should have an automatic machine, RCD and switches for various load groups. The meter readings must be rewritten and the network operation checked by connecting a device.
- The door lock must open and close clearly.
- If a telephone or Internet connection is provided, this point must also be checked.
Apartment "turnkey" (with a fine finish)
The peculiarity of the fine finish is that the apartment is ready for living. The buyer needs to bring furniture and personal belongings, after which you can enter the apartment. As a rule, turnkey housing is rented out in elite new buildings, so problems rarely arise. But you still need to check. Special attention is paid to the quality of repairs, the correct installation of the elements of the electrical system. The principles of control are the same as when checking an apartment with a rough finish.
The contract for finishing work usually stipulates all the nuances of the repair - the colors used, materials, as well as engineering equipment. Before signing the act, it is important to check that all elements are fully consistent with the plan. Special attention should be paid to parquet, for which deviations along the plane are not more than 4 mm, and the distance between tiles is up to 1 mm.
What documents do you need to take when handing over an apartment?
Everyone who is included in the DDU should come to a meeting with a representative of the construction company. Otherwise, it will not be possible to draw up an acceptance certificate, because the persons mentioned in the contract are indicated in it. If someone cannot come in person, it is worth issuing a power of attorney for another person, informing the developer about this in order to remake the act.
The meeting with the representative takes place in two stages:
- At the first stage, you need to come with DDU and payment receipts for reconciliation. Information about the time and date is determined by the developer, after which the buyers are informed about this by phone or a letter of readiness. This moment can be controlled independently via the Internet.
- The second meeting involves an inspection of the apartment. Here you will need passports, a DDU agreement and receipts confirming payment. It is not necessary to sign the acceptance documents before the personal inspection. Otherwise, no claim will be made.
Terms of transfer of the apartment after the delivery of the house
The DDU agreement clearly states when the property must be transferred to the equity holder. If this time has passed, and the person has not received the keys to the apartment, the construction company must pay a penalty. The date in the DDU reflects when the developer must obtain permission to commission the structure.
As a rule, the date is given in "quarterly" or "semi-annual" terms. If the deadline is the first quarter, this means that permission must be received before April 1. From this moment begins the countdown for the transfer of housing to equity holders. A delay of one day is enough to demand a penalty from the construction company. There are situations when a company receives permission at the last moment, and then urges the participants of the preschool institution and asks them to sign the acts faster.
The equity agreement clearly states how long the developer company is allocated to transfer housing from the moment it receives permission to commission the structure, and the acceptance date itself is indicated in the act. If the shareholder does not sign the document and forces the developer to eliminate certain defects, the deadline is violated, and the shareholder has the right to demand payment of a penalty.
How to force the developer to correct the shortcomings?
Do not rush to sign the acceptance certificate, because there will definitely be defects. In most companies, they are minor, but serious violations are possible. The rights of equity holders under DDU are protected by Federal Law No. 214, the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and the law on the protection of consumer rights. If there are shortcomings, they should be pointed out to the developer and demanded to be eliminated. All problems are reflected in the defective act, which is drawn up in 2 copies.
Defects are conditionally divided into two types:
- Essential. This category includes shortcomings, the presence of which does not allow you to live normally in an apartment. For example, there may be a hole in the wall, or the developer forgot to drain. All the shortcomings of the flaw should be reflected in the defective act, and after they are eliminated, sign the document.
- Insignificant - those shortcomings that do not interfere with living in an apartment. This category includes floor and wall defects, a broken door closer, deep scratches, and so on. These problems are also reflected in the defective act and must be corrected.
If there are no serious shortcomings and are not documented, within 2 months the developer has the right to sign an act and transfer the property without the consent of another participant in the DDU. At the same time, the construction company must prove that the shortcomings are insignificant, and the shareholder himself evades signing the document.
In the event that defects are found after the delivery of the house, do not despair, because according to Federal Law No. 214, the guarantee is valid for another 5 years, and for communications - three years.
Troubleshooting
If the defective act is drawn up, construction companies rarely conflict with equity holders and try to eliminate defects. Alternatively, it may be proposed to draw up a contract and correct deficiencies by attracting contractors and paying for their work by the developer. But in such cases, the elimination of problems is often delayed.
The deadline for correcting defects is not specified in the law, so here you should be guided by the general requirements. On average, it can take two to three weeks to fix a defect. The representative of the construction company himself resolves the issue with the contractors, gives them the keys and waits for the defects to be corrected. As soon as everything is done, a re-inspection of the housing is carried out. If the company refuses to correct the identified problems, the shareholder has the right to go to court.
Results
According to statistics, in 99% of cases, defects are detected, so knowing your rights when communicating with the developer has key value. You can’t “follow the lead” of a construction company and sign an acceptance certificate if there are flaws. Paid housing must be of high quality and meet the requirements of the DDU. If the developer refuses to eliminate the shortcomings, this is a reason to go to court, and the equity holder's win is only a matter of time. The main thing here is the presence of arguments, the necessary documents and a competent lawyer.
Did the representative of the developer finally call you and tell you that you can come to the office for the keys to the newly built apartment? Wait, relax early. After all, a crucial moment comes, you must know how to accept an apartment from the developer. And do it in accordance with all the rules and laws, otherwise you can later stay with the marriage. We tell you how to properly accept an apartment from a developer.
What to look for when viewing an apartment
Please note that the process of accepting an apartment from the developer must actually take place in the legal field of acceptance of any goods and services. This means that you are responsible for doing the right thing no less than the developer. If a developer offers you to sign an act of acceptance and transfer of shared property immediately in the office, without a trip to the site, then it will be quite difficult to challenge your agreement with this. Therefore, we read about what you should pay attention to and how to correctly accept an apartment from a developer.
You are transferred not only your own apartment, but also common house property, for the maintenance of which you will have to pay the management company. This list includes:
Roof and attic rooms | The situation is complicated by those who will not let you on the roof itself, so it will be difficult to check the condition of the roof. Check if the management company has passed the acceptance process, then the responsibility will lie with it. |
Cellars and technical rooms | We pay attention to everything, including the air - if it is very humid, then you should carefully study the floors, perhaps the basement is being washed away. |
General house partitions | A visual inspection is suitable - how the partitions are made in the entrance, if there are any cracks. Pay attention to any flaws, in the future it will be difficult to prove the responsibility of the developer. |
If the house is multi-storey, then it is necessary to check the condition of the elevator | Often the builder gets permission to rent and then disables the elevator. So that, as they usually say, residents do not damage it by exceeding the carrying capacity while lifting materials for repairs. Insist that the elevator is turned on at least at the time of the check. |
facades | If cracks are visible on the new façade, it could be a general structural failure. Reason to call an expert to check the condition of the house. |
Check the new building during the day, when all the flaws are visible. Feel free to ask for enough time to check. Don't let the builder impose validation rules. The legislation does not indicate anywhere that a shareholder should check a new house for no more than an hour or two - you are not limited in time.
What to take with you for testing
- Lighting fixtures are not yet turned on in the new house. Already in your apartment, if this is not a turnkey finish, they are definitely not there. So bring a flashlight.
- Matches will come in handy - with the help of them you can check the operation of ventilation.
- To check the flow of electricity into the holes for switches and sockets, you need a tester.
- A plumb line (level) is needed to check walls and partitions.
Do not forget about your right to call an expert to accept an apartment - after all, it is clear that it will be difficult for a non-professional to correctly accept an apartment from a developer, and sometimes impossible. Demand an official opinion from the expert, with which you can then apply for a penalty.
Except general condition apartments and construction defects, check the footage of the room. It often happens that the apartment as a result turns out to be 1-2 square meters more or less than that laid down in the project declaration and the share agreement. If less, then this is a way to get a refund from the developer Money. More - you have to pay extra or agree not to pay attention to some shortcomings.
What documents are required
How to accept an apartment from a developer? We specify the list of documents required for this process.
- share agreement or other document under which you entered into a transaction;
- payment documents confirming payment;
- a document confirming the identity of the participant of the acceptance-transfer.
The legislation does not clearly prescribe the list of documents required for admission, but specifies the need to sign an acceptance certificate. Therefore, it is necessary that all the people who are included in the share agreement take part in the acceptance process.
If the persons cannot be physically present at the transaction, then the homeowner must bring with him a notarized power of attorney from these persons. Thus, you will protect yourself from the impossibility of signing and accepting the act. It is also recommended to take with you to the meeting with the developer the documents received from Rosreestr on the registration of the kindergarten, if any.
The procedure for receiving an apartment
The first meeting is scheduled by your builder. And officially - through a letter with a notification. But it is better not to wait for the results of the work of the Russian Post, but to independently control the situation.
- Browse the developer's website, in the news, there will probably be a notification about the meeting of equity holders.
- If possible, join the builder's group at social network. Often this is a quick way to communicate with the right person companies.
- When the deadline for handing over the house has come, do not hesitate to call the company office and ask how to take new apartment at the builder. You should be given the information you need.
The purpose of the first meeting is to familiarize you with the procedure for accepting a new building. At this stage, a new event will be scheduled - the very moment of acceptance of the new building is already on its premises. Do not sign any documents on the acceptance of the apartment at the first meeting, you need to make sure that the building has been handed over. But the developer must show you at this meeting the documentation that the state commission has accepted the house.
So, you will receive from the developer a package of documents with data on the apartment and house - usually these are copies of your contract, data on the acceptance of a new building and other documents, the volume of which is regulated, among other things, by local regulations. First of all, you should be interested in the inspection sheet, in which you will need to note all the shortcomings, defects and other points that do not suit you during the inspection of the apartment. Then the equity holder signs the act of acceptance and transfer - if everything is in order. This act must include:
- Building address. It is mandatory to indicate not the construction address of the object, which can be recorded in the share agreement, but the real one, which was issued by the state commission.
- Apartment number.
- The total area of ​​​​the apartment, indicating the footage and other planning data - the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe kitchen, living space, bathroom area.
- Housing cost.
The legislation does not oblige you to sign the acceptance certificate if you do not agree with it.
A situation may arise when the deadline is approaching, the commission government agencies construction has already visited the site, but the developer is in no hurry to start the process of transferring apartments. In such a situation, we recommend that you prepare and send a letter to the developer about your readiness to accept an apartment (). This will help confirm your status as a shareholder in the future and will not allow the developer to prove in court that it was you who prevented the completion of the new building.
Features of receiving an apartment with different types of finishes
There are three types of apartments that you can get from the developer:
- Rough finish - in fact, these are bare walls. Sometimes - even without the partitions indicated in the plan. The legislation obliges the developer to install an entrance door, water and electricity meters (important - a gas bill is not provided). Also, depending on the region, there may be an obligation for the developer to install gas stove(if the house has gas). There must be a wire from the entrance to the apartment with electricity. The windows are double-glazed. The bathroom has plumbing and plumbing.
- Prefinishing finish. In such apartments, you can immediately begin to make cosmetic repairs. It is necessary to deal with the floor screed, plaster walls and work with the ceiling. Bathroom items are often installed - a toilet bowl, a bathtub, sinks. There are sockets and switches, wired.
- Turnkey finishing. Or repair by finished project developer, or repair according to your project, which was agreed upon separately.
How to accept an apartment from a developer without finishing
Exist like common features imperfections that need to be looked at in all types of apartments, as well as special ones that are suitable specifically for rough finishing. Basic moments:
- Entrance door. We look at the work and quality of the castle, steel. The hinges should not creak, the gap between the floor and the door should not exceed three millimeters. In case of deficiency, you can take a closer look at GOST 31173-2003 "Steel door blocks".
- Seams and joints. There should be no gaps, everything should be sealed. There should be no water or even traces of it. Pay attention to the joints on the floor - sometimes the developer tries to give you an apartment with large holes between the plates. If this happens, include it on the inspection sheet.
- The floor itself is checked with a centimeter hammer. Tap the surface - if there are bubbles and cracks inside, the sound will change to a more booming one. Designate these places, indicate them in the inspection sheet. Perhaps this is a marriage, or perhaps the natural consequences of the shrinkage of the house.
- Look at the cracks. Yes, if the house is new, especially built on the basis of a monolith, then there may be cracks in the floor, this does not mean marriage. But their thickness should not exceed 4 mm.
- Ceilings. BTI standards indicate that deviations from the walls cannot be more than five millimeters. A level will come to the rescue - apply it to the ceiling seams and look at the value. The ceiling height is standard - 2.75 meters, but changes can be approved in the project documentation.
- Window. Again, look for cracks and gaps. The package itself must be installed tightly, when you press the glass, there should be no extraneous sounds and obvious indentation. Plastic double-glazed windows are often installed, so sniff around - cheap options can emit a strong smell. If it is a tree, run your hand over the surface, the texture should be uniform.
- Access to electricity. Despite the fact that the developer is not obliged to install sockets and switches in your apartment, if this is not provided for by a separate clause of the contract, he is obliged to provide access to electricity. Check the power supply to the apartment with a tester. Go to the bathroom, there should be installed water meters with shades to view the data. Connect a drill or puncher to the network with them - the wiring must withstand both the constant operation of a powerful device and its quick on and off.
- Since you are already in the bathroom, check the quality of the installation of counters. themselves measuring instruments must be installed close to the wall. Pipes must be insulated.
- Using a lighter or matches, check the ventilation - both in the kitchen and in the bathroom.
How to accept an apartment from a developer with finishing
On the one hand, pre-finishing or turnkey finishing saves the shareholder's time for repairs, and on the other hand, it makes it difficult to check the construction result. Here you will not be able to check the quality of the tiles on the ceiling and floor, you will not be able to see the walls and the seams between them. Therefore, your task in this case is to check the quality of the pre-finishing or final repair.
- Floors. If the screed in the bathroom or toilet is not visible on the walls, this is a violation, since it is mounted on a waterproofing layer. In residential areas, sound protection is used instead of water protection, so its presence should also be checked. Using the building level, you need to check the height differences. Of course, there should not be any cracks and voids in the screed.
- In this case, the walls must be checked for evenness with a level, and also felt with your hands. If you have a fine finish, then see how firmly the layer of plaster is laid. If the repair is ready, then check for problems with the wallpaper - if the walls are not even, then there are usually clearly visible paper jams at the seams.
- The ceiling is usually made with the expectation of paint coating, which means that it must not only be plastered and stretched, but also covered with putty. If the ceiling height is more than 1 cm lower than the declared one, this may serve as a reason for a claim.
- Heating - pipes must be undamaged, radiators must be mounted on at least three brackets. There should be at least 6 cm of space between the floor and the radiators, and radiators should be at least 2.5 cm away from the wall. Of course, it is worth checking the presence of thermostats, if any, in the technical passport of the batteries.
- Water pipes. All risers must be vertical, water purification filters and meters must be installed. The latter must be mounted correctly. Check if the meter spins when flushing the toilet, when turning on the water in the kitchen and in the bathroom.
- Check all joints, they must be completely sealed.
- Electricity. Check all sockets and switches. Look at the junction box, everything should be fine. Remember to make sure the intercom and doorbell are functioning properly. Using a Wi-fi adapter, check if the wire has a signal for accessing the Internet, if any.
The term of transfer of the apartment to the owner
Penalty for violation of the terms of delivery of the house
The claim to the developer contains a requirement to pay a penalty for the delay in delivery of the house. How to calculate the amount? You need to substitute the necessary numbers into the formula. We take the date specified in the contract, we consider how many days have passed since its occurrence. We multiply it by the key rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (9%). Multiply by the amount specified in the contract. Multiply this by 1/150. Those. if the cost of the apartment is 1 million rubles, the penalty per day will be 600 rubles. If the claim is denied, we go to court.
Typical defects in new buildings
Each new building is different from each other, and you can find defects in almost every leased object. It is quite difficult to accept an apartment from a developer without an expert, but there are typical disadvantages of new buildings that you need to pay attention to first of all.
Roof | Very often there are large gaps, the laying mechanics are broken. Here, if there are no visible damages and violations, it is better to contact an expert. A non-specialist will not be able to determine the shortcomings. |
end flats | Cold corner apartments are familiar to every resident of the last and penultimate floors. This happens due to poor-quality thermal insulation of the walls. It is good if the house is accepted in winter - then it is immediately clear whether the apartment is frozen or not. In other seasons, we look for mold and condensation inside the apartment on the street walls. |
Floor | This is especially true for residents of the first floors. It is very expensive to eliminate poor-quality floor waterproofing today, so if there are doubts and dampness is visible, we immediately turn to the developer to eliminate the defect. |
old stoves | Too damp plates on the ceiling and on the floor are found due to the desire of the developer to save money. Such plates are stored for many years on the street, so it is almost impossible to fix the problem in an already built house. Try to get to the construction site during construction to control the process. |
balcony slabs | They are either poorly sealed and prone to condensation, or simply laid unevenly. |
Double-glazed windows | With bad fasteners, falling into apartments or on the street, with a loose opening-closing system - in almost any new building there are problems with windows. Bargain with the developer for a refund and change the windows to normal ones. |
Ventilation | If it does not work, then most likely it was covered with construction debris. You can fix it only by destroying the partitions. A very dangerous and expensive flaw to fix. |
How to fix bugs
If you find shortcomings and decide to give the developer the opportunity to fix them, enter into an agreement with him for a specific period of correction - since there are no clear instructions in FZ-214 on the time to eliminate the shortcomings. In court, the terms will be calculated from the market average for such types of work. Therefore, a direct agreement with the developer is better. If the developer does not fix everything within 45 days, then we look at Art. 20 of the Consumer Protection Act. It is there that your right to demand elimination is indicated precisely within this period.
The agreement on elimination of deficiencies is concluded in a free form. Can be certified by a notary. Indicate in it the exact name of the developer organization, a list of works and claims, attach a copy of the inspection sheet.
How to protect your rights if a serious marriage is revealed when accepting an apartment
If the marriage is too serious, then we write an official letter to the developer, send it by mail or hand it in person. It indicates that either the developer eliminates the marriage in 45 days, or the contract is terminated and the developer must return the money to the interest holder plus pay interest on the use of funds.
Most likely, in a situation with a refund, you will have to justify the shortcomings not only with an inspection sheet, but also with an expert opinion. Including in court.
Lawyer of the Board of Legal Protection. Specializes in handling cases related to the appeal of illegal actions officials, housing disputes, recovery of penalties from developers. Extensive experience in the 214 Federal Law.
The long-awaited moment of receiving an apartment is associated with joyful experiences, but one should not forget that by signing the act of acceptance and transfer of an apartment, the interest holder confirms that the developer company has fulfilled all obligations. That is, after signing the document, it will be problematic to force the developer to correct the shortcomings, if any, are found. Any problems will have to be solved at their own expense, despite the fact that the shareholder has already paid for everything, and therefore housing will cost him a little more than he expected.
You should carefully inspect new housing, and today we’ll talk about what you need to pay attention to when accepting an apartment.
Sign or not?
When inspecting, it is worth remembering that the developer is interested in transferring housing, and doing everything possible so that the document is signed. Accordingly, the shareholder will not be informed of any shortcomings, if any, on the contrary, the representative of the developer will try to hide all the flaws. If the shareholder discovers a problem and points it out to the representative of the developer, the latter can promise that everything will be fixed, but will still insist on signing the act. Accordingly, the signing of the act eliminates the need to fulfill the verbal promises made just now, and this should not be forgotten.
If the shareholder, when inspecting the new housing, found shortcomings, or any inconsistencies in the parameters of the apartment with the data specified in the contract, he may refuse to sign the acceptance certificate and demand their elimination.
If the contract provides for a fine finish, but you are not sure that the materials of the quality specified in the contract were used in the performance of the work, you may require additional documents that confirm this.
Questions may arise regarding such elements of decoration and equipment of the apartment as wallpaper, linoleum (laminate), skirting boards, doors, windows (stop valves, hinges), heating radiators. Supporting documents can be the developer's contracts with suppliers, invoices, internal documents, for example, the act of transferring goods and materials to the warehouse.
If you have any complaints about the quality of work (quality of construction, finishing materials, etc.), but you would like to get housing faster, you can solve the issue of eliminating shortcomings in a different way, without forcing the developer to carry out the appropriate work.
For example, if you still carry out dismantling (within ), an agreement can be concluded to change the cost of housing (downwards) for an amount equal to the cost of materials (labor)- the costs that the developer would inevitably face when eliminating imperfections.
Starting to inspect the apartment
Before accepting an apartment by a shareholder, the developer must already put the house into operation, the building must have an official postal address, and the apartment must have a number. The area of ​​housing must also be accurately marked, it is assumed that BTI employees have already visited the apartment and done everything necessary. Housing must be in the condition specified in the contract (, rough finish, etc.) and be equipped with all elements of equipment, utilities. The shareholder receives a viewing sheet(attached to the acceptance certificate) where all defects can be fixed, in principle, this document is partly a hint that indicates where to look. Also, the equity holder has the right to call for help from professionals who, using special equipment, will be able to check the quality of construction work, which later can save a decent amount of money during repairs. In our permanent section "useful tips" we have clearly demonstrated.
Signs to watch out for
You can start assessing the quality of housing from common areas (entrance, entrance group, stairwell). If, getting to the apartment, you notice cracks on the walls, crumbling plaster, areas with poor-quality finishes - get ready to see shortcomings in your home. Although, as a rule, developers pay close attention to such trifles, as they understand how important it is to make a good impression.
Who is responsible for removing construction debris?
At the entrance, on the landings and, of course, in the apartment itself there should be no construction debris. Firstly, the removal of garbage is part of the construction work that you have already paid for, and secondly, if you sign the act of acceptance "as is", then this garbage will most likely remain lying until you remove it (no matter how the representative of the developer dissuades you otherwise).
Planes of walls, ceilings and floors
Remember!
Your costs for leveling them directly depend on the curvature of the walls (plaster mortar, drywall constructions, etc., wages for workers).
We examine the structural elements of the apartment - walls, floor and ceiling. The planes of the surfaces must be even, and the corners must be right. (unless otherwise provided by the technological, design solutions of the layout), on the ceiling there should be no differences in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe joints. The norm is when the walls are not “filled up”, there are no depressions or humps. There are building codes that surfaces must comply with: horizontal deviations are allowed no more than 10 mm, and vertical deviations should not exceed 0.3 mm (per meter length). All this is easy to check with a plumb or electronic level.
If in an empty room it is not so noticeable that the walls are littered, then when the furniture is installed, the distortions will be evident. Therefore, it is better to insist that the developer level the walls (noting the defect on the inspection sheet and pointing it out in the claim).
Hydro and thermal insulation of premises
Both panel joints and field joints (bearing walls, partitions, floor panels) must be airtight, damp spots or even mold in the corners can indicate violations. If you see this, keep in mind that you will have to spend money on fixing defects yourself or put up with increased heating costs, damp wallpaper and other “charms” of poor insulation. Unfortunately, if there are no signs described, it is not possible to determine the violations, but if there are any, then it is necessary to resort to the services of a construction expertise.
Doors and windows
Doors and windows must be level (horizontal, vertical checked by level) there should be no gaps between the window frames and around the door frames; their dimensions should correspond to the parameters of the openings. Be sure to check how tightly the windows and doors close, whether they jam when opened. You can check how tightly the sashes fit the frame with a sheet of paper, if you place the paper between the frame and the sash, the sheet should not be pulled out freely. Windows should be equipped with window sills and sills, if a fine finish is expected, then the slopes on the windows and doorways should be plastered (or finished in some other way).
electrical equipment
By the time of inspection, electrical equipment must be connected, completely ready for operation and be in working condition.
You can check the availability of electricity in the apartment by plugging some compact device into the outlet. (for example, charging for a mobile phone), and you can check the connection of lighting fixtures by screwing the light bulb brought into the cartridge (needless to say, the representative of the developer, most likely, will not have a light bulb).
Sockets and switches must be firmly fixed in their respective holes, it is recommended to check this by applying some force and trying to pull out the device.
It is better to check all sockets and switches without exception, this activity will not take much time, but it will save you money. You should not pay attention to the sidelong glances of the representative of the developer, because you paid for the quality of work and want to get it in full.
Ventilation
Be sure to check ventilation system buildings, otherwise you will have to bear the costs of organizing forced ventilation or constantly ventilate the premises. The quality of ventilation can be checked by attaching a sheet of paper to the ventilation grill - the sheet should be attracted.
Ventilation openings should be in the kitchen, toilet and bathroom, in addition, the design of the house may involve the installation of ventilation valves in residential areas (it is better to find out in advance).
Heat and water supply, sewerage
We check water supply, sewerage, heat supply systems. After putting the house into operation, the building must be connected to city networks, respectively, there must be cold and hot water in the taps.
During the inspection, it is necessary to record the readings of the meters, this will come in handy when concluding an agreement with management company. On pipes and risers there should be no traces of rust, mechanical damage. Water on the floor, dampness, mold - all these are obvious signs of malfunction.
Unfortunately, it will not be possible to check the operation of the heating system in the summer, but it is strongly recommended to indicate on the inspection sheet that the heating has not been checked and indicate the reason (not heating season). Rust spots on radiators and on the floor should alert (under radiators). If there are any, this should be noted on the inspection sheet, and if malfunctions appear over time, the record will serve as evidence of the builder’s guilt at the moment when you contact him under warranty with a claim and demand to eliminate violations. Otherwise, the developer may refuse you, citing malfunctions as improper operation of radiators on your part.
What to take with you to the acceptance of the apartment
A visual inspection of the premises may not always give an exhaustive picture of the quality of housing. Going to accept an apartment, it would be useful to take some equipment with you., which will help to identify defects that are invisible to the eye.
Now we will present a list of items that may come in handy:
Rule and level - building fixtures that help check the planes of the walls;
plumb line (metal weight on a string)- will make it possible to determine the deviations of the planes along the vertical;
Flashlight - if you bring the included flashlight close to the surface of the wall or ceiling (so that the beam falls parallel to the surface), you can immediately notice all the depressions, irregularities. In addition, in the accepted apartment there may not be a lamp in the bathroom, toilet, pantry, and without it it is problematic to conduct a quality inspection, a simple flashlight will help you quickly deal with the lack of light;
Incandescent lamp - to check the performance of lighting devices;
Charging for mobile device– will help to determine the presence of voltage in the network. Ideally, it is better to take some kind of powerful device (perforator) to check how much the electrical system holds voltage;
Sheet of paper - to check the operation of the hood. In addition, you can check with paper how tightly the windows close, just put a sheet of paper between the frame and the sash, close the sash and pull the sheet. If the sheet does not stretch well or does not stretch at all, then the seals are doing their job well.
A hammer is an excellent tool for checking marriage in a screed on the floor; when tapped, voids and delaminations will immediately be found. You can check the floor with a hammer, but you can’t check the plaster on the walls like that, and the developer’s representative will not allow it.
Hidden works and warranty obligations
The construction of multi-storey residential buildings involves a lot of so-called hidden work. The quality of such work cannot be determined visually. (in some cases even with various devices and fixtures), however, they significantly affect the performance of housing. In other words, if such work was carried out with violations of technological standards or with errors, then the marriage can be detected only after a certain time.
If a marriage is found after accepting the apartment, you can demand that the developer eliminate the defects, since the contract (according to FZ-214) warranties must be written. The period during which the developer is obliged to correct everything is in most cases five years.
Conclusion
Defects that were not discovered at the stage of acceptance of the apartment can cause expenses, and sometimes quite significant. The situation is aggravated by the fact that the buyer, as a rule, poorly understands the nuances of building technologies, differences in the quality of building and finishing materials.
It is possible that the equity holder has simply never had to carry out the described tests before and, accordingly, this puts the future newcomer in a difficult position. In this situation, there is a fairly simple way that allows you to check everything for high level. It is necessary to take with you a person who, due to his current activities and qualifications, can give expert assessment the quality of housing. This may be a friend who works as a foreman in a construction company, or an expert may be a consultant in the technical acceptance of housing, some construction companies offer similar services. Naturally, hiring a specialist will incur some costs, but it may well turn out that for a small fee you will save a much larger amount.
Igor Vasilenko
Accepting an apartment from a developer is not a formality: I signed the documents and that's it. The host apartment will become home. In this article, we will figure out what to check in a new building. And how to oblige the developer to fix the flaws for free.
Training
Turn off emotions
We understand that this is very exciting. You've been waiting for so long and it's finally here. But the desire to get the keys as soon as possible can cost too much. It is better not to sign the act of acceptance and transfer the first time than later long months fix jambs. And further:
Don't be nervous if you are rushed. It is your right to check as much as necessary. At least all day long.
Do not listen if you are told that the disadvantage is minor. Record everything.
Do not be shy. If you don't talk about the problem, no one will fix it.
Check that everything is legal
How the acceptance of an apartment from the developer should take place is quite specifically described by and. Here is what the developer must do before handing over the apartment:
Get a house permit
Notify equity holders of readiness to transfer the object. This must be done by letter with acknowledgment of receipt and a description of the attachment or in person against receipt. By phone, email or sms does not count.
Within 7 days, you must “proceed to accept” unless otherwise specified in the equity participation agreement (DDU). That is, you need to confirm the intention to accept an apartment. For example, make an appointment. After that, there are 2 months to accept the apartment.
If you do not come within 2 months after the notification, the developer will sign a unilateral acceptance certificate. That is, he will give you an apartment without your participation.
Who did not have time - he was late
Sometimes bad developers do not want to honestly transfer apartments and eliminate the shortcomings found. Then they try to cheat.
For example, they say that there is a long queue for acceptance and they write you down after 2.5 months. And then they sign the act unilaterally. Everything is according to the law: on time - within 2 months after receiving the notification, you did not appear.
In such a situation, you need to immediately send a claim to the developer as soon as you find out the date. There you need to write that you are ready to accept the object in accordance with the terms of the contract and the law. Request a copy of the claim with a receipt confirming receipt of an authorized employee. Or send it by mail with a notification and a description of the attachment.
This will be proof that you did not evade acceptance.
We haven't read the contract for a long time.
Before acceptance, you need to carefully read the contract and project documentation again. These two documents should contain everything about your apartment: wall and floor materials, finishes, manufacturer and configuration of windows, what doors should be. By the way, it should also be written about the entrance and the adjacent territory. And when transferring an apartment, they must also be ready.
Prepare a copy of the apartment plan from the annex to the DDU. When you accept an apartment, you will need to compare the area and check if all the partitions are in place. If they are not, you may also have to pay for an increase in the total area.
According to the plan, you also need to check whether or not there are wet areas where plumbing will be connected.
What to take with you to the reception?
1. Passport and contract
2. Tablet, several sheets of paper, 2 pens
3. Chalk, paper tape and washable marker. It will be necessary to mark where the flaws are: glue adhesive tape and write notes on it, trace scratches and scales on double-glazed windows with a marker
4. Electricity tester or small electrical appliance (phone charger)
5. Lighter and candle. By the deflection of the flame, you can understand whether the ventilation is working, whether it is blowing from the cracks in the windows
6. Bulb - check cartridges
7. Flashlight
8. Roulette
9. Level, plumb line (thread and weight)
10. Stool or stepladder
11. Optionally - change of clothes or shoes
It's minimum. Professionals use many more special devices. If you plan to rent an apartment on your own, you can rent:
- Laser plane builder or laser level for checking walls and floors. Mandatory with 360° beam sweep in both planes
- Thermal imager for checking external walls and windows for freezing during the cold season
- Dosimeter for checking the level of radiation
- EMI indicator
- Gas analyzer. And then in the media, news often appears about the excess of ammonia levels in new buildings by dozens of times.
How to use special devices can be found on the Internet. Spend a couple of evenings and you can qualitatively check the apartment yourself. If you don't want to waste your time, contact the professionals.
Experts helped us write this article. They check new apartments and fill out documents so that the shortcomings are eliminated.
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Acceptance of the apartment
So, in complete calmness, armed common sense and tools go to the reception. You came during the day to have a good look at everything sunlight. We took with us the plan of the room and this apartment acceptance checklist- so as not to miss anything. Briefly describe what is in it:
The documents
Yes, we start again with documents. In addition to the act of acceptance of the transfer, the act of putting the house into operation, you need to obtain and check the cadastral and technical certificate, explication, passports and guarantees for counters and doors.
Entrance door
We check if there is damage, a peephole, whether the door closes easily. Do the locks work, the handle does not dangle and does not stick, are the sealing gum intact? If there is a call, it should work.
Finishes, walls and floors
You need to understand that developers rent apartments in different conditions. If the finish is rough, then these are bare walls. There is nothing to check here, except for evenness, the absence of cracks and moisture spots on the walls. So we get the level and plumb.
There is rarely a pre-finishing finish: floor screed, plastering of walls and partitions, arrangement of slopes of windows and the front door. Also, with this finish, they make electrical wiring with sockets and lighting outlets. The quality of these works needs to be checked. We add a tester and a light bulb to the tools.
With a fine finish, the apartment is almost ready for occupancy. Here you need to check how the linoleum, tile or laminate is laid. Whether the wallpaper is evenly pasted over, whether the doors are intact. How locks and handles work: they should smoothly, without jamming.
Plumbing and faucets are in excellent condition: no stains or chips, all connections are tight, no leaks. Look under the bath, make sure it is grounded - a special wire is attached to the body. All taps are working.
Window
The most common problem is scratches on double-glazed windows and frames. Mark them with a washable marker.
All mechanisms must work without jamming, the sashes do not touch the frame, all sealing gum around the perimeter of the windows are intact, without breaks.
An outflow for water is attached outside.
Mounting foam without gaps. Ideally, it is protected by a vapor barrier film or treated with a special sealant.
Check if it is blowing from the windows - move along the joints with a lit candle. Or hold a sheet of paper between the frame and the sash, close the window and try to pull the sheet out. And so in several places around the perimeter of the sash. If the leaf can be pulled out, it will most likely blow in these places in winter.
Ventilation
Close the front door, open one sash of the window and check the draft at the exit - the flame should deviate into the ventilation shaft. On the extreme floors in the warm season, ventilation may not work - this is normal. In this case, the developer usually installs additional exhaust fans in the apartment.
Electrician
Without special devices, it will not be possible to check a lot. But at least ask to turn on the electricity in the common shield, and at the same time press the "Test" button on the body of the temporary shield. If the “machine” turns off, there is voltage. If you have testers with you, you can check each socket and lighting outlet, find out if there is grounding.
Water supply and sewerage
Check if there is water. Write down the meter readings, check the serial number with that indicated in the passport.
On the water supply pipes at the outlet points there must be shut-off valves: a tap, a filter, a pressure reducing valve. There should be no leaks on the pipe connections.
There are plugs on the sewer outlets.
We sign documents
Phew, almost everything.
It remains to write down all the shortcomings in the inspection report. And sign it and the acceptance certificate. Or don't sign, it's up to you.
Sign or not?
If you find flaws (and this happens in 90% of cases), there are two options:
1. Don't sign the deed. Demand to eliminate the deficiencies and re-accept. This option ensures that defects are corrected. The developer will have to hurry to meet the deadline for the handover. The keys will not be given to you yet.
2. Sign an act with the condition of eliminating defects. Be sure to include a timeline for when everything needs to be fixed. The keys will be given. But you may have to persevere so that the developer quickly and efficiently eliminates the shortcomings.
We sign the act of inspection
He is a defective statement, he is also a defective act
We repeat once again: according to the law, having drawn up an inspection report, you have the right not to accept an apartment until the defects are eliminated.
The inspection report must be signed by the parties specified in the DDU. Be sure to check the power of attorney for the manager who will sign your act. The document must state that the employee can do this on behalf of the developer.
We sign the act of acceptance of the transfer
But first, read carefully. For example, the developer may include in the act a phrase stating that you have no claims regarding the timing of the transfer of the shared construction object. Such a clause can be entered if there is a delay. If you plan to receive a penalty, demand that this proposal be removed from the act, and only then sign it.
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