Exam biology option. Biology exam demos
USE 2017. Biology. Typical test tasks. Kalinova G.S.
M.: 2017. - 112 p.
Typical test tasks in biology contain 10 options for sets of tasks, compiled taking into account all the features and requirements of the Unified State Exam in 2017. The purpose of the manual is to provide readers with information about the structure and content of the 2017 control measuring materials in biology, their difference from previous years, and the degree of difficulty of the tasks. The manual provides answers to all test options, in addition, there are samples of forms used in the exam to record answers and solutions. The manual is intended for teachers to prepare students for the biology exam, as well as for high school students for self-training and self-control.
Format: pdf
The size: 3.2 MB
Watch, download:drive.google
CONTENT
Introduction 4
Work instructions 9
OPTION 1 10
Part 1 Yu
Part 2 15
OPTION 2 18
Part 1 18
Part 2 24
OPTION 3 26
Part 1 26
Part 2 31
OPTION 4 32
Part 1 32
Part 2 38
OPTION 5 39
Part 1 39
Part 2 45
OPTION 6 46
Part 1 46
Part 2 52
OPTION 7 53
Part 1 53
Part 2 58
OPTION 8 61
Part 1 61
Part 2 67
OPTION 9 69
Part 1 69
Part 2 74
OPTION 10 76
Part 1 76
Part 2 82
ANSWERS. 83
Option 1: 83
Option 2 86
Option 3 89
Option 4 92
Option 5 95
Option 6^98
Option 7 101
Option 8 104
Option 9 Yu7
Option 10 110
The proposed manual is addressed to high school students and graduates to prepare for the Unified State Exam in Biology. The biology exam is one of the exams that a graduate of the secondary school secondary school surrenders by choice. The USE is conducted using tasks of a standardized form - control measuring materials (CMM), which test biological knowledge for the entire school course from grades 5 to 11. In 2017, special emphasis was placed on strengthening the activity base and practice-oriented orientation of KIM. This required adjusting the approaches to building a new examination paper, including tasks of a new format.
The basis for the development of the KIM USE, as in previous years, is the invariant core of the content of biological education, which is reflected in the State educational standard secondary (complete) general education, various exemplary programs and textbooks recommended by the Russian Ministry of Education and Science for use in the implementation of state-accredited educational programs secondary general education in biology.
The content of the control measuring materials covers all sections of the basic biology course and high school. The object of control is the knowledge and skills of schoolchildren, formed during the study of all sections of the biology course: “Plants”, “Bacteria. Mushrooms. Lichens”, “Animals”, “Man and his health”, “ General biology". This allows you to cover the main content of the course by checking, to ensure the validity of control measuring materials. The examination work is still dominated by tasks in the section "General Biology", since it integrates and generalizes the factual knowledge gained in primary school and secondary school, and considers general biological patterns that manifest themselves at different levels of wildlife organization. The content of the KIM USE does not go beyond the biology course of a specialized secondary school and does not depend on which program and which textbook is taught at school.
Changes in the exam in biology in 2017
Posted on 10.09.2016 by Boris Sadykov
Hello, dear readers of the Skype biology tutor blog.
Finally, I had the opportunity to give an intelligible answer to your many questions about the changes in the USE in biology in 2017.
Rumors have been circulating for a long time that “a significant innovation for graduates of 11 classes will be the rejection of the TEST form of tasks for the final exam in three disciplines: physics, chemistry, biology. Such a fundamental change in the format of exams is due to an attempt to reduce the possibility of intuitively guessing the correct answer.
Yes, yes, very absurd rumors that the test part will supposedly be removed.
Was the USE bad in its previous form?
Rumors were supported by the fact that from the very inception of the USE, as a form of attestation of students, allowing students to be enrolled in a university based on the results of passing the USE, this form of the exam was criticized for the fact that it supposedly would not be able to provide a normal acquisition of knowledge, leading only to "coaching » on memorization, not understanding of the material.
But only those who had never taught at school or at a university could think so. Exam in USE form from the very beginning included, in addition to the test parts (), necessary to test students' knowledge of a huge terminological base, also ( valued at three times the cost of Part A).
Therefore, no matter how much space the tests of part A take up in the examination paper, the points obtained by simply guessing the correct answer (and the chance of guessing is quite large - 25%), still was not enough even to pass the barrier for a triple.
Federal Institute pedagogical measurements(FIPI) dispels all rumors
August 26, 2016 FIPI on its official website published projects documents regulating the structure and content of control measuring USE materials 2017.
We are watching Codifier. It doesn't have any. In order to prepare well for the exam, it is necessary, as before, to study biology comprehensively in the following 7 blocks:
First block“Biology as a science. Methods of scientific knowledge” controls the material about the achievements of biology, research methods, about the main levels of organization of living nature.
Second block"Cell as a biological system" contains tasks that test: knowledge about the structure, life and diversity of cells; the ability to establish the relationship between the structure and functions of cell organelles, to recognize and compare cells of different organisms, the processes occurring in them.
Third block"Organism as a biological system" controls the assimilation of knowledge about the laws of heredity and variability, about ontogenesis and reproduction of organisms, about the selection of organisms
and biotechnology, and also reveals the level of mastery of the ability to apply biological knowledge in solving problems in genetics.
in the fourth In the block "System and diversity of the organic world" the following is checked: knowledge about the diversity, structure, life and reproduction of organisms various kingdoms wildlife and viruses;
the ability to compare organisms, characterize and determine their belonging to a particular systematic taxon.
Fifth block"The human body and its health" is aimed at determining the level of mastering the system of knowledge about the structure and life of the human body.
to the sixth block"Evolution of living nature" includes tasks aimed at controlling: knowledge about the type, driving forces, directions and results of the evolution of the organic world; the ability to explain the main aromorphoses in the evolution of the plant and animal world, to establish the relationship between the driving forces and the results of evolution.
Seventh block"Ecosystems and their inherent patterns" contains tasks aimed at testing: knowledge about environmental patterns, about the circulation of substances in the biosphere; the ability to establish the relationship of organisms in ecosystems, to identify the causes of stability,
self-development and change of ecosystems.
But there are indeed changes in the KIM of 2017 compared to the KIM of 2016, and they are quite significant ( see Demos, specifications, USE codifiers 2017. Biology)
These changes mainly relate to the optimization of the very structure of the examination paper. :
1. Excluded tasks in the form of a single digit corresponding to the number of the correct answer.
2. Reduced the total number of tasks from 40 to 28.
3. Reduced the maximum primary score from 61 to 59.
4. The duration of the examination work has been increased from 180 to 210 minutes.
5. Part 1 includes new types of tasks that differ significantly in types of learning activities :
filling in the missing elements of a diagram or table, finding the correctly indicated symbols in the figure, analyzing and synthesizing information, including those presented in the form of graphs, diagrams and tables with statistical data.
The new structure of KIM USE in 2017
Thus, each version of the KIM exam paper now contains only 28 tasks and consists of 2 parts, differing in form and level of complexity.
Part 1 contains 21 tasks:
Most tasks (7 tasks), as before, with choice from ready-made answers. This is what was previously part of BUT. Only now students are asked to choose not 1 correct answer out of 4 offered, but 2-3 answers out of 5-7 offered.
Here, in fact, this is where the whole “cheese forest” “lurks” about the rumors about the elimination of the test part from the exams. Reduced and changed, as we see, only the former part BUT. Test tasks related earlier to the part AT, became even more:
6 tasks - to establish compliance;
3 tasks - to establish the sequence of biological processes, phenomena, objects, systematic taxa;
2 tasks - for solving biological problems in cytology and genetics;
1 task - to supplement the missing information in the scheme;
1 task - to supplement the missing information in the table;
1 task - to analyze information presented in graphical or tabular form ((these last three types of tasks are completely new for the USE, so students and tutors in biology should pay special attention to how to answer them).
The answer forms of the examination paper of part 1 should be approached very, very scrupulously (do not leave cells missing), since this test part of the work, as before, is evaluated by a "ruthless" computer.
Part 2 contains 7 tasks with a detailed answer.
In these tasks, as before, the answer is formulated and written down by the examinee independently in a detailed form. The tasks of this part of the work are essentially aimed at identifying biological talents - graduates with very high level biological preparation.
The table below shows how the tasks from the various blocks of the Codifier are distributed in the examination paper in Part 1 and Part 2.
As you can see, all sections of biology in Part 1 and in Part 2 of any version of the examination paper should be distributed equally. That is, there should not be any “distortions” in terms of the fact that in some version there would be, for example, a lot of botany, and in another a lot of human biology.
The table below shows the maximum number of primary points that can now be obtained for the first and second parts of the examination paper.
We see, as before, students have the opportunity to receive about the largest share in the assessment (66%) is precisely for test part of the work(this is to answer the question that tests will be canceled from 2017).
conclusions
The strategy itself is in preparation with passing the exam in biology in 2017 should. Teaching biology using various school textbooks and reference materials is necessary within the framework of the same basic 7 sections of the Codifier.
Since the test part of the examination paper has undergone significant changes, now, "without shelving", you should carefully study Demo version of KIM USE 2017 of the year. Pay special attention to the correctness of filling in the answer forms of the tasks presented in the new form.
In general, I can state that passing the biology exam in 2017 will be much more difficult than before (there is no longer an opportunity to get completely “free” points for simple guessing). It will be more difficult to reach both the minimum threshold and get the maximum number of points. But, the main thing is that the variants of examination papers themselves do not differ much in complexity from each other, so that all applicants are placed on approximately equal terms.
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Good luck in studying biology, preparing for exams. Who will have questions to the biology tutor on Skype on this article, please contact in the comments.
J. FIPI. Open bank of USE assignmentsI. Unified State Exam (USE) | USE in biology new tests in 2017 answers to USE tests in biologybiology test answersanswers in biology to the questions of the FIPI Open Task Bankanswers in biology to FIPI assignmentsOpen bank of USE assignmentsSkype biology tutor |
In 2017 USE year Biology is undergoing major changes. The upcoming reform is carried out in accordance with the plans of the Ministry of Education, made public several years ago. The purpose of the reform is to get away from the usual test system, which, according to the officials themselves, gives rather unreliable results. And in 2017, biology has become another subject from which all test questions are removed.
the date of the
- 03.2017 - the first stage, early;
- 04.2017 – reserve day of the first stage;
- 06.2017 - the second stage, the main one;
- 06.2017 – reserve day of the second stage;
- 06.2017 - reserve day in all subjects.
Changes in the exam in biology in 2017
In 2017, schoolchildren are waiting for reforms in three subjects at once: chemistry, physics, and biology. What changes have been made to the exam in biology? First of all, this is the removal of the test part and its replacement with blocks with short answers.
- Changing the number of jobs. In the USE 2017 there will be 28 tasks, not 40, as it was before.
- Introduction of new types of tasks. Instead of tasks with a choice of one correct answer from four proposed options, the exam included tasks for supplementing or restoring tables and diagrams. Testing skills in working with graphic material - drawings, diagrams, tables, graphs - is becoming an important part of the biology exam.
- Increase the duration of the exam. The time allotted for the exam in biology 2017 will increase to 210 minus (against 180 last year).
- Decrease passing score. The primary/threshold score in biology in 2017 was reduced to 59 (against 61 last year).
Exam structure:
- Considering data in a table or graph - 1 task
- Filling in tables - 1 task
- Filling in the schemes - 1 task
- Solving problems in genetics / cytology - 2 tasks
- Determining the sequence in processes / phenomena - 3 task
- Matching - 6 tasks
The approximate structure of the exam is observed in all databases and demo versions of the exam, which greatly facilitates the preparation. Of particular note is that the new CMM model is similar to OGE option in biology, taken in the ninth grade. So future graduates need not worry - the structure of the exam will not be something fundamentally new for them.
USE score
The minimum number of points that must be scored in biology is 36, and the initial score is 59. For correct answers to some questions, the student can get one point, and for some - three.
- Questions 1, 3, 6 - answers to them are estimated at 1 point;
- Questions 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 - you can get 2 points for correct answers;
- Questions 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 - correct answers bring 3 points.
According to FIPI warnings, some questions are deliberately complicated. Answers to them are within the power of only those who know biology perfectly. Such questions will require not just a short answer, but arguments in favor of the chosen version and a detailed explanation of the train of thought.
How to prepare for the exam
To help schoolchildren easily and seamlessly pass the exam in biology, FIPI publishes auxiliary and methodological materials.
Preparation for the exam in biology 2017 must necessarily include work with exam demos. To date, there are 36 var variants of KIMs, all of them with a similar structure, that is, for preparation, you can take any of the options proposed by FIPI.
Methodists assure that preparing for the exam will take quite a long time, and for the successful development of the material, it is best to make a schedule and stick to it. Recommendations created by FIPI specialists will certainly help schoolchildren in their preparation:
- Based on the topics published by FIPI, make a list of subsections that need to be repeated. Based on the volume and complexity of the topic, make a schedule for studying them, while more time should be devoted to complex topics than to simple and easy ones.
- It is best to study the material from a school textbook. As additional sources, you can use the methodological materials recommended by the department and information from the worldwide network.
- To facilitate the study of the topic and facilitate the memorization of the material, summarize the data on the topic under study in a table or a schematic summary.
- Use the KIMS published on the FIPI website for preparation. Thanks to this, you will be able to detect gaps in knowledge on certain topics.
- When studying new topics, periodically return to old ones, repeating and refreshing the material covered in your memory.
Exam demos will help you prepare for exams. In addition to the already mentioned opportunity to discover poorly studied topics, online versions help to get acquainted with the very structure of the exam.
Conclusion
Considering all the changes made, we come to a disappointing (for some schoolchildren) conclusion - the exam in biology in 2017 will be much more difficult to pass than in 2016. It will be more difficult to get both the minimum number of points, that is, to reach the pass threshold, and score the maximum value. There is no chance to get points for guessing, you have to really prepare for the exam and study the subject thoroughly.
In 2017, a new model of the KIM USE in biology was adopted, aimed at increasing the diversity of the tested aspects of the biological training of graduates.
Each version of the examination paper consists of two parts. Tasks in the variant are presented in continuous numbering mode. The structure of the examination paper has been optimized:
1.
The number of tasks in the examination paper has been reduced from 40 to 28.
2.
Part 1 proposes new types of tasks that differ significantly in types of learning activities: filling in the missing elements of a diagram or table, finding errors in a drawing, analyzing and synthesizing information, analyzing graphs and tables with statistical data.
3.
The maximum number of primary points has been slightly reduced: from 61 in 2016 to 59 in 2017.
4.
Increased from 180 to 210 minutes the time to complete the work.
In part 2, the number and types of tasks with a detailed answer remained unchanged - 7 tasks.
Particular emphasis is placed on the formation of methods of activity: mastering methodological skills; application of knowledge in explaining biological processes, phenomena, mastering the ability to solve biological problems. Checking the skills of working with information of biological content is carried out through the presentation of it different ways(in the form of texts, figures, diagrams, tables, graphs, diagrams).
In 2017, it is planned to exclude all tasks with a choice of one answer from the USE examination paper in biology. This is due to the presence of the following significant shortcomings in them: the uniformity of the form of presentation of the content being checked, the impossibility of creating tasks of a problematic or creative nature; lack of capacity to test students' skills of a practical nature; difficulty in identifying true gaps in the development of content among USE participants. A significant disadvantage of tasks with a choice of one answer is also the presence of an element of chance, guessing the correct answer.
As shown comparative analysis USE results over the past two years, the reduction in the number of tasks in the examination paper with the choice of one correct answer from 36 to 25 did not lead to a noticeable decrease in USE results. The proportion of USE participants in biology who did not score the minimum number of points remains approximately at the same level, within the limits of statistically acceptable errors.
Significant modernization in terms of the form and structure of KIM required a correction of approaches to the construction of examination work, the inclusion of tasks of a new format.
In part 1 of the examination paper of the new format, only tasks with a short answer have been retained, but their number has been increased, and in some cases the form of their presentation has been significantly changed compared to previous years. It is known that tasks with a short answer allow not only to check a larger amount of the content of the academic subject, but most importantly, to provide for the assessment of general educational and subject skills (comparison, generalization, classification, systematization, explanation, solution of educational and practical problems, etc.), which corresponds current trends development general education.
Along with the preservation of existing tasks, new biological tasks appeared, and the range of tasks with drawings expanded.
As an example of a modernized task, we give task 3 (hereinafter, tasks from the project are given demo version KIM).
This is a calculated biological problem. The task was created on the basis of tasks traditional for KIM USE in biology with a choice of one answer. In the new edition, the USE participant, based on the knowledge of genetic information and the chromosome set of somatic and germ cells, independently conducts all the necessary calculations.
As an example of a task for working with a drawing, we give task 4.
A feature of this model of the task is that the certified person is invited to display two of its characteristic feature. Moreover, one of the features given in the task checks the knowledge of the morphology of the object, while the second one checks the knowledge of properties or functions. Such tasks check, in addition to the ability to work with visual information, knowledge in the field of the cell and its vital activity.
Along with well-known or modernized task types in examination paper completely new tasks are included that test the development of the conceptual apparatus by filling in gaps in diagrams, tables, working with graphs, tables, histograms, etc. All of them are aimed at strengthening the activity basis and make the examination work more practice-oriented.
Task 1 can serve as an example of such tasks.
This task allows you to check not only the knowledge of the conceptual apparatus of the biology course, but also the ability to establish the subordination and hierarchy of terms (concepts), as well as their internal logical connection.
Consider examples of tasks (task 21) for working with information presented in graphical or tabular form, a task for analyzing research results.
It seems that with the help of such tasks it is possible to ensure the formation of the foundations of a holistic scientific picture of the world and the ability of graduates to analyze, evaluate and generalize scientific information.
The new model of KIM USE is successive with the established model of OGE 9 in biology. Certain types of assignments, which in a modernized form will be included in KIM in 2017, have been successfully tested for many years during the certification of students in basic general education programs and are available in the open bank of OGE assignments. They can become the basis for preparing students for the exam in biology in the coming academic year.
Task 9 can serve as an example of continuity.
In the OGE, with the help of such tasks, knowledge of the structure, life activity and significance of animal and plant organisms is checked. Bacteria and viruses will be added to these objects in the new KIM USE model.
In general, in the exam model of the USE in 2017, the objects of control, as in previous years, are knowledge and skills that make up the invariant core of the content of the biology course of the primary and secondary schools, its sections "Plants", "Bacteria, fungi, lichens", "Animals ”, “Man and his health”, “General biology”. These sections are presented in the Codifier in the form of seven content blocks and requirements for the level of training of graduates. educational organizations for the unified state exam 2017 in biology.
The biology exam is one of the selective ones and those who are confident in their knowledge will take it. The exam in biology is considered a difficult subject, as knowledge accumulated over the years of study is tested.
USE assignments in biology, diverse types were selected, for their solution, confident knowledge of the main topics of the school biology course is required. On the basis of the teachers developed over 10 test tasks for each topic.
See the topics that you need to study when completing assignments from FIPI. For each task, its own algorithm of actions is prescribed, which will help in solving problems.
Changes in KIM USE 2019 in biology:
- The task model in line 2 has been changed. Instead of a task with multiple choice for 2 points, a task for working with a table for 1 point has been included.
- The maximum primary score decreased by 1 and amounted to 58 points.
The structure of the USE tasks in biology:
- Part 1- these are tasks from 1 to 21 with a short answer, up to about 5 minutes are allotted for completion.
Advice: Read the wording of the questions carefully.
- Part 2- these are tasks from 22 to 28 with a detailed answer, approximately 10-20 minutes are allotted for completion.
Advice: express your thoughts in a literary way, answer the question in detail and comprehensively, give a definition of biological terms, even if this is not required in the assignments. The answer should have a plan, not write in solid text, but highlight points.
What is required of the student in the exam?
- Ability to work with graphic information (diagrams, graphs, tables) - its analysis and use;
- Multiple choice;
- Establishing compliance;
- Sequencing.
Points for each task in USE biology
In order to get the highest grade in biology, you need to score 58 primary points, which will be converted to one hundred on a scale.
- 1 point - for 1, 2, 3, 6 tasks.
- 2 points - 4, 5, 7-22.
- 3 points - 23-28.
How to Prepare for Biology Tests
- repetition of the theory.
- Proper allocation of time for each task.
- Solving practical problems several times.
- Checking the level of knowledge by solving tests online.
Register, study and get a high score!