Pereslavl-Zalessky in the Vladimir region. What sights await us? Pereslavl gold ring
Rich history, monuments of ancient Russian architecture, majestic domes of churches - it is for this that the provincial Pereslavl-Zalessky has added to the list of cities of the Golden Ring of Russia. Alexander Nevsky was born here, Peter I built his amusing flotilla, on the shores of his Lake Pleshcheyevo Russian fleet, the bell towers of the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery convened residents for Sunday service even before the Mongol-Tatar invasion, and their chimes still spill over the city and its environs. Located on a picturesque hill, Pereslavl-Zalessky "took over the glory" from the larger ancient Russian cities, comfortably located "beyond the forest" and the lake. Real Russian winter and bright sunny summer - coming here at any time of the year you will plunge into the world of ancient peasant Rus'.
For a long time, people settled on the shores of the rich Pleshcheyevo Lake, the first Slavic city of Kleshchin was built along the coast, but later Yuri Dolgoruky moved the settlement to the mouth of the Trubezh River, founding the city of Pereslavl - it was immediately surrounded by an earthen rampart, the remains of which can still be seen today. It cannot be said that the history of Pereslavl was calm - it suffered from the invasion of the Mongol-Tatars, Polish-Lithuanian troops, internecine turmoil, was devastated by the troops of False Dmitry, but this did not prevent it from reaching our days as one of the examples of ancient Russian architecture with miraculously preserved "pearl » - Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral of the 12th century. As soon as the city fell under the control of Moscow, it began to actively develop as a trade and craft center, objectionable people were exiled here, and local forests attracted even Moscow princes with their hunting grounds. Modern Pereslavl-Zalessky is not only a cultural and tourist center, but also a favorite place for pilgrims - six monasteries with unique churches and temples beckon everyone who wants to commune with God with solitude and silence.
A walk along Pereslavl-Zalessky is rich in impressions - you will be surprised at the number of unusual museums and exhibitions, which is worth only the Museum of the Iron, the Museum of the Steam Locomotive or the Museum Peter the Boat. You can get acquainted with the ancient architecture of residential buildings in the Temerins' estate or the Pavlovs' House, and the final page of this journey will be a hospitable tea party in one of the cafes overlooking the quiet waters of Lake Pleshcheyevo.
Transfiguration Cathedral
The same age as the city, the Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Savior was founded together with Pereslavl-Zalessky itself on a picturesque place surrounded by city ramparts. The XII century was a time of internecine wars, so the architecture of the cathedral is strict and ascetic. The white-stone walls of the cross-domed church emphasize the laconic beauty, because even after going through many centuries of trials, several fires and countless wars, the temple has been preserved almost in its original form.
Many specific Pereslavl princes are buried in the cathedral, it kept a lot of cultural and artistic values, alas, plundered by the Tatar-Mongols and Polish knights. It was possible to save only the divine cup, personally donated to the cathedral by Yuri Dolgoruky. Today, there is a branch of the museum-reserve, which can be reached by pre-registering for a group tour.
Goritsky Assumption Monastery
The first architectural ensemble that catches the eye on the way to Pereslavl-Zalessky from Moscow is the Goritsky Assumption Monastery. The monastery was built on a hill back in the time of Ivan Kalita, and for a long time remained one of the main Orthodox shrines of this region. Initially, the monastery churches were wooden, but the fires did not spare these buildings, the Mongol-Tatar invasion brought the strongest plunder, but thanks to the generous donations of the Moscow princes, the monastery quickly recovered.
The main cathedral of the monastery - the Assumption - appeared in the second half of the 18th century, besides it the ensemble consisted of the Holy Gates, the refectory, the Church of All Saints and many more outbuildings. After the October Revolution of 1917, the monastery was abolished, but it was saved from desolation by the initiative to create a historical and architectural museum-reserve on the basis of the monastery. You can look at its exposition even today.
Museum "Boat of Peter I"
The first Russian emperor Peter I also left his mark in the history of Pereslavl-Zalessky. It was on the shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo that he erected a shipyard, where the foundations of the Russian fleet were born. A funny flotilla plowed the expanses of the lake, marking the beginning of shipbuilding in our country, and the decision to perpetuate this event came in 1803. Especially for the last surviving ship "Fortuna", the Boat House was built, claiming to be the oldest provincial museum in the country.
The architectural design did not end there, later the Monument to Peter, the Arc de Triomphe and the belvedere were erected, which have survived to this day. This museum has been visited by prominent figures of Russia and foreign countries, and in 1919 it became part of the local history museum of Pereslavl.
Chapel "Cross"
Approaching Pereslavl-Zalessky, you will see a beautiful white-stone chapel resembling a tent. It was built in honor of the birth of the last king of the Rurik dynasty, the son of Ivan the Terrible Fyodor. According to legend, the king himself was very fond of the surrounding forests, and often came here to hunt and pray in local monasteries. His wife also traveled with him. On one of the trips, Tsarina Anastasia Romanovna gave birth to the heir to the throne in the suburbs of Pereslavl, in memory of this, Ivan the Terrible ordered the installation of a chapel.
During the Time of Troubles, many monuments of the city were burned, and the chapel did not survive either - it was erected again, but later in stone - in the 17th century, and carefully restored in the 20th century. The building got its name because of the Orthodox cross, today it represents an unusual architectural monument - a tent erected on stone columns.
iron museum
The unusual collection of the Iron Museum is more than 200 copies of this household item. different eras and countries. They collected the exposition bit by bit - they bought it from collectors, searched for it at flea markets, brought it from different countries. The museum was founded in an old merchant's house by businessman Andrey Vorobyov, and since 2002 it has been one of the most interesting sights of Pereslavl-Zalessky.
You will see a variety of irons - from antique cast iron to gas, alcohol and electric. If you wish, you can even buy the copy you like, and several times a year they organize an iron festival, where everyone can try the museum exhibits in action.
Leisure
Urban leisure in Pereslavl-Zalessky is, first of all, enjoying the natural beauty of the region. On the shores of Lake Pleshcheyevo, a beautiful city beach is equipped, where there is everything you need for a family holiday. If simple sunbathing is not enough for you, try your hand at water sports - diving and windsurfing, as well as order a helicopter flight, trike, camel, horseback riding and other rather unusual entertainment in the Veslevo recreation park.
Both children and adults will be delighted with visiting the historical and cultural complex "Russian Park". Its services include holding master classes in various traditional crafts, tasting dishes of native Russian cuisine cooked right in the oven, going to the tea and kvass museum, organizing cultural events and much more.
You can spend a wonderful weekend in nature if you go with the whole family to the Pleshcheyevo Lake National Park. World untouched wildlife, fresh air and a truly peaceful place, far from the hustle and bustle of the city, will make your vacation not only interesting, but also healthy.
How to get there
There is no railway in Pereslavl-Zalessky, but you can take an electric train to the station closest to it (for example, to Ryazantsevo, which is 21 kilometers from the city, or to Berendeevo, which is 18 kilometers away).
It is better to go directly from Moscow. Regular buses Moscow-Pereslavl, Moscow-Yaroslavl and Moscow-Kostroma depart from the Shchelkovsky central bus station with enviable regularity (almost every hour). They depart from the second platform, tickets will cost you 260 rubles per person. It is advisable to order them in advance, especially if you are going to pre-holiday days, but if you already find yourself in an awkward situation - you arrived at the bus station, but there were no tickets - you can negotiate with the driver. Travel time will take from two and a half to three hours, depending on the route (some buses call at Sergiev Posad).
The most convenient way to get to the city is by your own car. You will need to drive along the M8 highway towards Yaroslavl. After driving 110 kilometers along the Yaroslavl highway from the Moscow Ring Road, turn right from the traffic police post. You will find yourself on the Pereslavl-Zalessky bypass road. Here you will need to drive 13 kilometers until you get to a roundabout. After four kilometers, turn right to Yuryev-Polsky. When you reach the T-junction, turn left (you will see the Filimonovo sign). A couple of minutes and you are in the city. The total travel time is approximately one and a half to two hours.
local transport
The main transport in the city is the bus. Starts work at 5.00 and ends at 23.00. There are only 8 active routes in the city itself. Bus routes No. 1, No. 3, No. 6 go through the whole city from south to north along the old M8 highway from the bus station (No. 3 from the Library stop) past the Goritsky Monastery and the Transfiguration Cathedral. It is 3 km to the Botik of Peter I on the road towards Kupansky from the Goritsky Monastery, city buses do not go there, suburban buses go quite rarely, so it’s easier to get there by taxi or hitchhiking. It is better to move around the city by an inexpensive taxi, and not by private traders. 1 trip within the city costs about 60 rubles, and a trip to the immediate vicinity of Pereslavl-Zalessky is estimated at about 150 rubles.
Hotels
Tourist Pereslavl-Zalessky is ready to offer its guests many accommodation options. For example, in the three-star Troika Hotel, all services are at their best - the rooms correspond to the star level, you can eat at a local restaurant, and when you go for a walk around the city, you will be pleasantly surprised - the hotel is located right next to the main attractions.
If your plans include a beach program, it is ideal to settle in the coastal complex "Nikitskoye Compound". The interiors of its rooms are stylized as an old hut, however, the service here is quite modern.
Those wishing to spend time not only seeing the sights, but also tasting nightlife city, you should pay attention to the Royal Palace Hotel - an unusual style of rooms, free Internet and parking, as well as its own bar with daily discos and entertainment programs.
Restaurants
It is difficult to pass by one of the most unusual cafes in the city - Botik. Its building is made in the form of a ship, and the institution is located directly opposite the museum of Peter's Amusing Fleet. Botik serves Russian and European cuisine, the prices are, of course, tourist prices, but the service is at a high level.
High-quality cuisine and a wonderful atmosphere await all visitors to the Provincia restaurant at the Pereslavl hotel complex. The menu is replete with dishes of European, Japanese and Russian cuisine, so everyone can find something to their liking. If you want to eat quickly and inexpensively, go to the dining room "Visit", conveniently located right in the most touristic place in the city.
shopping
As in any modern city, in Pereslavl-Zalessky today you can buy anything - large shopping centers are located outside the historical center, but it will not be difficult to find them, because the city is very compact. If you are interested not in the banal purchase of clothes and shoes, but in truly authentic local souvenirs, go to the very center of tourist life. Here you will find porcelain sets, teapots, plates with views of the city, painted scarves, felt boots and, of course, the most desirable gastronomic souvenir - the famous vendace herring, which is found exclusively in Lake Pleshcheyevo.
Golden ring Russian cities. These include ancient Russian cities, where unique monuments related to the culture and history of our country have been preserved. One of them is Pereslavl-Zalessky. Today Pereslavl-Zalessky is a district center in the Yaroslavl region, with a population of about 41,000 people.
Geographic location and climate
It is located 140 km from Moscow along the Moscow-Arkhangelsk highway, on the shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo, at the confluence of the Trubezh River. The climate is temperate continental: summers are warm, but not very long, winters are not too cold, but rather long. Spring and autumn are clearly defined. In January, the average temperature ranges from -10.5°С to -12°С, in July from +17.5°С to +18.5°С. Humidity is quite high, especially in December (up to 93%), 30% of precipitation falls in winter.
Historical reference
The prince founded the city of Pereslavl in 1152 and named it after another Pereslavl, which is located on the territory of Ukraine. And since there was a new settlement behind the forests, where the fields of farmers stretched, an explanation was added to the name - Zalesky. It was here in 1220 that he was born Alexander Nevskiy.
From 1276 to 1294 (with a break), the son of Alexander Nevsky Dmitry was the Grand Duke of Vladimir, but he did not leave his native city, and Pereslavl-Zalessky practically served at that time as the capital of the northeastern part of Rus'. Since 1302, according to the will of Prince Ivan Dmitrievich, the city came under the jurisdiction of Moscow.
From 1238 to 1608, Pereslavl-Zalessky was taken about 10 times, burned and plundered by various conquerors, starting from Prince Fyodor Cherny (Yaroslavsky), then by the Horde, Lithuanians and others, suffered greatly during the Great Troubles.
In 1688, under the pretext of a pilgrimage to Goretsky Monastery a young man came to Lake Pleshcheyevo Peter I. He was only 16 years old, but he wanted to create a Russian fleet and found the most suitable place for the implementation of his plans. First shipyard was founded at the confluence of the Trubezh River into the lake. Specialists were invited from Holland, funding was provided by the monastic estates (who knows, whether voluntarily?). Was built for the king palace on Gremyach mountain(before that he lived in a monastery), the construction of the fleet, which was interrupted for the duration of the streltsy rebellion, which Peter went to pacify, continued.
Small ships were built and even a 30-gun frigate "Mars". The king actively participated in the work, it was then that he mastered the profession of a ship's carpenter. However, the flotilla was called "amusing", there was no practical application for it, and Peter, having gained the necessary experience, left for Arkhangelsk and Voronezh, where the construction of a real fleet began. But it is difficult to overestimate the experience gained on Lake Pleshcheyevo, and it is safe to say that the Russian fleet was born here.
The first built Russian ships were stored in a barn on the mountain Gremyach, in the royal residence, but in 1783 there was a fire, and everything burned down. Miraculously, Peter's Boat, which he allegedly built himself, survived. In 1803, a special building was built for it, and one of the first provincial museums in Russia was opened.
By the beginning of the 19th century, it was a rich city, where linen factories, tanneries and "malting" factories, forges worked. Stone houses and churches were built. The White Sea trade route contributed to the prosperity of Pereslavl-Zalessky. Everything changed dramatically when the Northern Railway was built 18 versts from the city. The history of an ordinary provincial locality, which, nevertheless, was loved by representatives of the creative intelligentsia - V.A. Serov, K.A. Korovin, F.I. Chaliapin, M.M. Prishvin and others.
Its area is about 51 km², the shape is round, the maximum width is 6.5 km, and the length is 11 km. The depth reaches 25 m. Formed by the lowering of the bottom of underground karst depressions. This happened about 30,000 years ago when the glaciers retreated. Before it was much larger.
In the lake a lot of fish different breeds: bream, burbot, perch, pike. Including Pereslavl vendace, which is now listed in the Red Book.
And once it was so actively supplied to the royal table that it even appeared on the coat of arms of Pereslavl-Zalessky. live here different types birds, and a relic marsh turtle has also been preserved.
The history of the name of the lake, which is sometimes called Pereslavsky, is interesting. Among the former names are Kleshchino, Kleshcheyevo, Pleshchino, Pleshcheyka. The lake got its name from an ancient legend that it throws out (splashes out) everything that is thrown into it.
There is a very interesting object near the lake - blue stone. It got its name because its wet surface changes color from gray to blue. It has a size of 0.6 * 3.1 * 2.6 (m) and weighs 12,000 kg. This is a ritual object of the ancient pagans - Meryans. Previously, it was located in a different place - near the Borisoglebsky Monastery, and the inhabitants of the city arranged merry holidays there in a pagan spirit. No exhortations of the monks changed the situation.
At the beginning of the 17th century, a certain deacon Onufry buried the stone, after which, according to one version, he became very ill, according to another, on the contrary, he recovered. Be that as it may, but after a while the stone was again on the surface (it pushed out the freezing soil). In 1788, the stone was transported over the ice of the lake to be used in the construction of the church. The ice cracked, the stone sank, found itself at a depth of more than 4 meters, but after 70 years it was washed ashore. So far, a scientific explanation for this fact has not been found, but the Blue Stone itself began to go into the ground and quite quickly.
Today, the stone also suffers from numerous tourists trying to break off a piece as a keepsake and using it in every possible way to make wishes. Adepts of the new paganism and other non-traditional teachings come here. Sacred stones are an object of worship of different religions, they are both in Russia and in other countries.
Sights of Pereslavl-Zalessky
Red Square. Since the 12th century it has been the central (veche) square of the city. There was a bell here, which gathered the townspeople to solve important issues. It was on this square that the princely chambers were located, where Alexander Nevsky was born on May 30, 1220, who only 21 years later set off from here at the head of a squad to fight the Teutonic Knights. And in 1380, at the call of Dmitry Donskoy, the regiment of governor Andrei Serkizov left for the Battle of Kulikovo. In 1854, on January 17, soldiers were seen off here to the Crimean War, and in 1919, communists and Komsomol members left here to fight the White Guards. Today, this is the main square of the city, which has undergone redevelopment and reconstruction.
Earthworks. The defensive rampart was erected in the XII century and surrounded the city with a ring. It was an impressive fortification up to 16 m high, up to 6 m wide and 2.5 km long. In 1195, wooden fortifications with towers were also built, inside one of which a passage was made to the river in case of a siege. In 1759, the walls were dismantled as unnecessary, there was not enough money to tear down the earthen ramparts, and today it is a monument of federal significance. The address is Valovoye Koltso Street.
. Built in 1152 - 1157 under Andrei Bogolyubsky. This is the earliest monument of architecture in the North-East of Rus', made in white stone. For almost 900 years of its existence, 90 cm has "grown" into the ground. The temple is in excellent condition, time has not spared only the frescoes of the interior painting. Pereslavl princes were baptized here, including Alexander Nevsky. In the XIII-XIV centuries, specific princes were buried. Since 1945 - the Alexander Nevsky Museum. The cathedral is located on Red Square.
Monument Alexander Nevsky. In 1958, it was installed on Red Square near the Transfiguration Cathedral.
Sretensky Novodevichy Convent. Founded in 1659 on the territory of the Kremlin. Reorganized in 1764. The Church of Alexander Nevsky and St. Vladimir's Cathedral have survived to this day from the buildings of the monastery.
. It was built in the 1740s for the Novodevichy Convent, after the abolition of which it became a parish church. Since the beginning of the twentieth century, it has become the main temple of the city. In 1929 it became the Sportsman's House, then a bakery. The bell tower was demolished in 1933. Currently restored. The current temple. Address st. Soviet, 12.
Shatrovaya Church of Peter the Metropolitan. Construction of 1584 - 1585. Built of brick with a covered gallery. In 1880 it was restored. The last restoration was in 1970, but again fell into disrepair. In 1991, it was transferred to the church, but due to the state of the building, services are rarely held.
Church of Alexander Nevsky. It was built in tandem with the Vladimir Cathedral, both temples have an external resemblance. Was robbed in 1925. In the 1930s there was a library, then a bakery, a garage. In 1990 it was returned to the church. Active. Address st. Soviet, 12.
. Presumably founded at the beginning of the XIV century. Abolished in 1744. Since 1919 - Pereslavl Museum-Reserve. The museum has more than 80,000 exhibits, the permanent exhibition includes iconography, the world of nature, works by Russian artists, items of rural and noble life. The buildings of the Goritsky monastery have been preserved, such as:
- Assumption Cathedral,
- towers and fortifications,
- holy gate,
- the Church of the Epiphany, the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, the Church of All Saints with the Refectory.
- Interesting buildings from other places were also brought here.
On the territory of the museum is bust of Yuri Dolgoruky, transferred in 1963 from the Central Museum of Reconstruction of Moscow.
Address: Museum lane, 4
. The current male monastery. It is located on the northern outskirts of the city next to Pleshcheevo Lake. According to some sources, it was founded earlier than 1186. Nikita the Stylite lived here and performed miracles during his lifetime, as well as after his death. At the end of the 15th - beginning of the 16th century, Saint Daniel lived here. The stone Nikitsky Cathedral was built in 1528. Ivan the Terrible often visited the monastery and planned to create a spare oprichnina fortress here. In 1560 - 64, on his orders, a new building of the cathedral was built, and the old one became one of its limits. Other buildings were also built.
In 1611, the Poles burned down the monastery and destroyed its defenders. The monastery was restored with the active participation of the Romanovs. The last building made in the Old Russian style is the Chernihiv Chapel built in 1702.
The fate of the monastery in Soviet times is similar to many others. In 1923, the monastery was closed, there were various organizations, including a women's colony. Reopened in 1993. Restored, restoration work continues. Address: Nikitskaya Sloboda, Zaprudnaya, 20.
Trinity Danilov Monastery. Founded at the beginning of the 16th century. In 1530, the Trinity Cathedral was built here. This is a gift to the monastery of Vasily III in honor of the birth of his son Ivan (the Terrible). Decorated with paintings by masters of the 17th century. Address: Lugovaya, 7.
Museum-Estate "Boat of Peter the Great". 4 km from Pereslavl on the shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo. Authentic items from the time of Peter the Great are presented here. On the territory of the museum there is an exhibition hall "Rotonda", where you can see the interiors of the 18th century.
iron museum. A private museum, the first of its kind in Russia. Organized in a merchant's house, st. Soviet, 11.
Teapot Museum. It is located on the shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo, with. Veskovo, st. Peter I, 17. There are more than 100 items on display.
Dendrosad named after Kharitonov. st. Zhuravleva, 11. Here you can see more than 1000 species of plants. The garden occupies about 50 hectares, on which more than 70,000 representatives of the flora of China, North America, Japan, the Crimea, and the Far East grow.
What is interesting around Pereslavl-Zalessky
Temple of John Chrysostom. It is located near the village of Godenovo on the Moscow-Yaroslavl highway. This is the temple of the courtyard of the female Pereslavl monastery, where unique relics are kept - icon of St. Nicholas(miraculous) and Life-Giving Cross Lord's. There is a wonderful legend about how once the Cross itself appeared before the shepherds, since then it has been working miracles, many of which are recorded. Driving directions to the Temple.
Museum of steam locomotives near the city of Pereslavl-Zalessky. This is 2 km of a real narrow-gauge railway, left over from the past. It connects the village of Talitsy with a picturesque meadow. Talitsy has an interesting collection of locomotives and other equipment related to the railway. It will be interesting and informative children. Address: Pereslavl district, Talitsy village.
Leisure park. It offers a hotel, Russian bath, sauna, billiards, horseback riding, paintball, mini-zoo, cafe, interesting excursions and much more.
Children in Veslevo can communicate with animals, there are horses, camels, ostriches, foxes, rabbits, poultry yard and much more. Address: Pereslavsky district, Veslevo settlement, st. Central, 1
Bus station address: st. Moscow, 113. railway not in the city.
We must know our past, and ancient monuments help us better understand and understand the history of the country in which we live. Pereslavl-Zalessky is rightfully included in the Golden Ring of Russian cities.
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For hundreds of years on the shores of Lake Pleshcheyevo stands ancient city Pereslavl-Zalessky. One of the eight main cities of the Golden Ring of Russia, Pereslavl-Zalessky inscribed its name in golden letters in the history of Rus', still retaining its special spirit of an old Russian city, the streets and squares of which are decorated with churches, cathedrals and monasteries.
The very name of the city, Pereslavl, comes from the old Russian word for "adopted the glory" - there are many pages worthy of respect in the annals of the city's history. Founded by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky in 1152, the city on the shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo quickly became one of the most prosperous settlements in the central part of Rus', in 1179 turning into the center of the Principality of Pereslavl. Prince Vsevolod the Big Nest ruled from here, having received such a speaking nickname thanks to a large number children - eight sons and four daughters. Other significant names for Russia are also associated with the name of Pereslavl-Zalessky: Alexander Nevsky was born here, later Ivan the Terrible made the city a stronghold of the oprichnina, and in 1688, the young Tsarevich Peter at Lake Pleshcheyevo founded an amusing flotilla, which gave rise to the future great Russian fleet. Unfortunately, in 1783, almost all the ships that plied the waters of Lake Pleshcheyevo burned down during a big fire. Only the boat "Fortuna" survived, which today has become the main exhibit of the Pereslavl Museum-Reserve.
Since the 12th century, since the foundation of Pereslavl-Zalessky, the city has been home to the Transfiguration Cathedral, unique for our time, the oldest such building in the central part of Russia today. The walls of the ancient Nikitsky Monastery, also built in the 12th century on the shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo, have seen many enemies and withstood more than one siege. The decoration of the monastery since 1564 is the Nikitsky Church - the largest such building of the 16th century.
In Pereslavl-Zalessky, history is at every step, as silently testified by its numerous churches and monasteries, museums and memorial sites, and even the pagan Blue Stone in the vicinity of the city, which, as they say, has miraculous powers.
Nikitsky Monastery:
Pereslavl-Zalessky Museum (former Goritsky Monastery):
St. Nicholas Convent:
About half way from Moscow to Yaroslavl there is a beautiful old City Pereslavl-Zalessky, which is part of the famous tourist route "Golden Ring of Russia". A city founded in 1152 by Yuri Dolgoruky.
In terms of the number of attractions, Pereslavl may well compete with Suzdal. There is also a huge number of ancient monasteries and churches, intricate museums. Many put the only museum of narrow-gauge steam locomotives in Russia in the first place. In the vicinity of Pereslavl-Zalessky, from the town of Veksa to the village of Talitsy, a reserved line of narrow-gauge railways has been preserved. This is where the open-air museum of "cuckoos" is located, the exhibits of which are steam locomotives, wagons and other equipment of past years. And here you can see various retro cars and mechanisms of the late XIX - mid-XX century. You can ride a railcar and old jeeps. For those who want to have a snack there is a buffet with delicious pies, tea and coffee. And souvenirs can be bought in a specially designated trailer.
Other original museums include the Teapot Museum, the Iron Museum, the Radio Museum, the Museum of Old Sewing Machines, the Museum of Gramophones and Records, and the Vase Museum. Museums are created by enthusiasts, decorated creatively, there are a huge number of unique exhibits. Guides conduct exciting and informative excursions.
But there is something in the Zalessky Reserve Territory that distinguishes it from Suzdal and other cities of the Golden Ring - one of the largest lakes in the Upper Volga region - Lake Pleshcheyevo. And this lake has a lot of years - about 30 thousand. On its shores, the eponymous national park- a wonderful and picturesque place. The earthen ramparts of Kleshchina, Yarilina baldness (Alexandrova Gora), Sin-stone (temple of ancient pagans), amazingly beautiful lake - will leave an indelible impression on you.
The earthen rampart is quite well preserved. From it you can understand what size the ancient city of Kleshchin was. Aleksandrova Gora causes a special delight! It offers a magnificent panorama of Lake Pleshcheyevo and the surrounding churches of Pereslavl-Zalessky and monasteries. Since ancient times (and it has been known about it for more than 1000 years), the glory of the miraculous has been entrenched behind the blue stone. It is said to heal and grant wishes. To believe or not to believe is everyone's business. Only for centuries people went to the stone, some with gratitude, some with a request. And until now, in any weather, people go to the stone, throw coins on it for good luck, make wishes. And modern pagans feed him and perform their rituals. According to legend, the blue-stone is alive, and from year to year it changes its position. And he is also "unkillable". No matter how much the Pereslavl people tried to get rid of him - to bury or drown him, he still returns to the foot of the Alexander Mountain.
Pereslavl-Zalessky has an unusually interesting and eventful history. In its picturesque corners, the memory of many political figures and important historical facts. Here in 1220 the famous commander Alexander Nevsky was born. Here in 1688 the birth of the Russian fleet took place. On the shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo, the young Tsar Peter the Great began to build his first amusing flotilla. A reminder of this event is the museum "Boat of Peter I", where the main exhibit of the museum is the boat "Fortune", in the construction of which Peter himself took part. This is the only ship of the entire flotilla that survived the fire of 1783.
Pereslavl's largest provincial historical, architectural and art museum-reserve, located in the former Goritsky Monastery, has become a popular attraction of Pereslavl. Most tourists coming to the city tend to get into Orthodox monasteries and holy springs. Holy Trinity Danilov, Feodorovsky, Goritsky Uspensky, Nikitsky monasteries are more than one hundred years old. The main pearl of Pereslavl is the Transfiguration Cathedral. This ancient monument is the same age as the city itself. Miraculously, he survived the Tatar-Mongol invasions, and the Time of Troubles at the beginning of the 17th century, and the era of militant atheism at the beginning of the 20th century, and has survived to this day almost in its original form.
Those wishing to visit this ancient city and see its sights are welcome to well-appointed hotels and restaurants with original cuisine.
Pereslavl-Zalessky is located near Lake Pleshcheyevo, 100 kilometers from Moscow. Here in 1152 at the intersection trade routes Prince Yuri Dolgoruky founded a new city.
Pereslavl was once rich and famous. The very name of the city is translated from Old Russian as “adopted glory”. The most famous prince of Pereslavl was Alexander Nevsky, who was born in this city and then went to reign in Novgorod. After joining in 1302 to the Moscow principality, Pereslavl saw almost all the great princes and kings. During the reign of Ivan the Terrible, Pereslavl-Zalessky became a stronghold of the oprichnina.
The unique face of Pereslavl-Zalessky today is defined by its temples, monasteries and museums. Not far from the city, you can see the archaeological site “Kleshchinskiy complex”, the center of which is the ancient city of Kleshchin, from which ramparts of the 12th century have been preserved.
Everyone is familiar with the legend of the "Blue Stone" - a huge boulder that lies on the shore of the lake. It is said that the stone has miraculous powers and heals many diseases.
Goritsky Monastery. Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary.
The Goritsky Monastery was founded, probably at the beginning of the 14th century under Ivan Kalita. In 1382, the army of Tokhtamysh destroyed Pereslavl-Zalessky, and with it the Goritsky monastery. Shortly before the ruin, Grand Duchess Evdokia, the wife of Dmitry Donskoy, came here to pray. She and several other people miraculously escaped from the Tatars by hiding in the fog on the lake. In memory of her salvation, Evdokia in 1392 invested in the restoration of the monastery. And in Pereslavl, a tradition appeared to make a religious procession on boats from the Goritsky monastery to the middle of the lake.
The largest temple of the Goritsky Monastery is the Assumption Cathedral. The interior of the Assumption Cathedral is spacious and high, well lit, lavishly and tastefully decorated. The temple looks like a palace and is comparable in richness to the cathedrals of Moscow and St. Petersburg of the 18th century. The vaults and walls of the cathedral are covered with stucco cartouches, monograms, garlands of flowers, images of angels.
Nikitsky Monastery.
The monastery is located in the northern part of Pereslavl-Zalessky, on the shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo. This is the oldest monastery in the city, founded before 1186.
Tradition says that it was founded by Prince Boris, son of Prince Vladimir the Red Sun. The monastery became famous thanks to the exploits of the Pereslavl Saint Nikita the Stylite. Before monasticism, Nikita was a tax collector and enjoyed an extremely bad reputation until he repented and went to the store, where he wore iron chains and a stone cap without taking off. He was endowed with the gift of healing and exorcising demons. Among the people healed by him was Prince Michael of Chernigov. In memory of this healing, at the entrance to Pereslavl-Zalessky, along the Moscow road, stands the Chernigov chapel.
All monastery buildings before the 16th century were wooden and have not survived to this day. The heyday of the Nikitsky Monastery falls on the 16th century, when they attracted the attention of Ivan the Terrible and his wife Anastasia. The royal couple repeatedly came here for a prayer service, after which the seriously ill heir recovered. After that, by order of the king, stone structures and walls began to be erected. Ivan the Terrible planned to use the monastery as a spare fortress in case of betrayal of the guardsmen.
In 1611, the walls of the monastery withstood the siege of the Polish-Lithuanian troops for two weeks.
The main cathedral of the monastery is the Church of the Great Martyr Nikita.
Transfiguration Cathedral.
The construction of the Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Savior began under Yuri Dolgoruky in 1152. The cathedral is a witness to the founding of the city and all the events in its history. The temple is made of white limestone, its height is 34 meters, the thickness of the walls is 1.5 meters. Once it was the main temple of the city and the princes. The most famous Pereslavl princes Dmitry Alexandrovich and Ivan Dmitrievich are also buried here.
The cathedral was painted in 1157, but today the ancient frescoes are almost lost. In the second half of the 20th century, during the restoration, the walls were strengthened in the cathedral and the painting of the 19th century was cleaned off, leaving the temple inside as white as it was under Yuri Dolgoruky.
Museum "Boat of Peter I".
4 km. from the city of Pereslavl-Zalessky, on Mount Gremyach, on the shores of Lake Pleshcheyevo, at the end of the 17th century, Peter I began the construction of the “amusing flotilla”, which laid the foundation for the Russian navy. From 1688 to 1693 about 100 ships were launched. The first Russian military sailors were trained here. Until our time, only one ship has survived - the boat "Fortuna".
In 1803, a special building was built for him, which housed the exposition of one of the first Russian museums. The building was built with funds collected from the residents of the county. In the middle of the 19th century, an architectural ensemble with a monument to Peter, the Arc de Triomphe, the White Palace, and the Rotunda arose on the estate.
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