The problem of man and nature arguments. Composition "indifference of man to nature". "About all creatures, big and small." J. Harriot
Collection of N.A. Senina (2016), option 3.
Russian writer K.G. Paustovsky reflects on the problem of respect for nature.
How important is it to preserve what surrounds us? In an effort to answer this question, the author draws a dull autumn landscape: “The forests were drizzling with a rain of falling foliage.” Even bird calls are reminiscent of "the sound of broken glass." Man is responsible for everything that happens in nature. This idea K.G. Paustovsky expresses it in allegorical form, recalling the fairy tale of the basket-maker Prokhor about autumn. Nature takes revenge on people because a certain Fool once killed an oriole flying under the sky. Since then, the autumn storm began.
The author's position is concluded, in my opinion, in the words of Prokhor: "... we must not spoil anything, but take good care of it." The writer is convinced that the protection of nature is a very important and necessary matter: as the basket maker says, “... otherwise you will be thrown by the earth and you will be thrown to death.”
Firstly, a person is a part of nature, which means that caring for her is quite natural and reasonable. Nikolai Rubtsov wrote about our blood relationship with all things in the poem “My Quiet Homeland”:
With every hut and cloud,
With thunder ready to fall
I feel the most burning
The deadliest bond.
It turns out that by causing damage to nature, we harm ourselves.
Secondly, the world around us can influence us very beneficially. There are many cases when nature literally heals a person. In O. Henry's short story called "The Last Leaf", for example, the seriously ill heroine counts the remaining leaves on the ivy. Jonesy is sure that with the fall of the last leaf, her life will end. However, the leaf desperately clings to the ivy, resisting the weather. Fights for life and Jonesy. It turns out that it is important to protect nature also as a source of health and energy.
Thus, the topicality of the problem raised in the text is obvious. Nature is our home, and we, rational beings, must protect it.
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The literary argument is not a simple element in the composition of a work. Recall, re-read some of the works indicated below.The book by E.V. will help us. Amelina "Writing an essay for the exam (part C) / Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix, 2015 /
" The problem of confrontation between man and nature, the destruction of the surrounding natural world by man, environmental problems
F.I. Tyutchevpoems:
"Nature-Sphinx",
"There is melodiousness in the waves of the sea...",
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Man is mortal, but nature is eternal. This is an element indifferent to human needs, destinies, deeds. It is uncontrollable, unknowable, in the storms of those who have fallen asleep - "chaos stirs." This is the essence of the eternal conflict between man and nature. Man, according to F.I. Tyutchev, is just a "thinking reed".
story "Trip to Polissya" ,
prose poem "Nature" .
Man is mortal, but nature is eternal. Man is a child of nature, like any other creature. But nature knows neither good nor evil, reason is not a law for it. She does not know art, freedom, does not tolerate anything immortal. It easily gives life and easily takes it away from living beings. She has nothing to do with the fate of mankind. This is the essence of the conflict.
ON THE. Zabolotsky
poems:
"I'm not looking for harmony in nature..." ,
"Yesterday, thinking about death..." ,
"Metamorphosis"
Man is mortal, but nature is eternal. In the natural world there is no harmony, no intelligence. Man is just a thought of nature, "her unsteady mind." Human consciousness is unable to connect "death and being". Human life is transient, but a person can leave himself in this world, appearing there again as a "breath of flowers", branches of a large oak.
V.P. Astafiev
storytelling in stories "King fish" .
The main theme is the interaction between man and nature. The writer tells how they exterminate white and red fish on the Yenisei, destroy the beast and bird. The dramatic story that once happened on the river with the poacher Zinovy Utrobin becomes the climax. Checking the traps, he fell out of the boat and got tangled in his own nets. In this extreme situation, on the verge of life and death, he recalls his earthly sins, recalls how he once offended his fellow villager Glashka, sincerely repents of his deed, begs for mercy, mentally addressing both Glashka and the king fish, and to the whole wide world. And all this gives him "some kind of liberation not yet comprehended by the mind." Ignatich manages to escape. Nature itself taught him a lesson here. Thus, V. Astafiev returns our consciousness to Goethe's thesis: "Nature is always right."
Ch.T. Aitmatov
novel "scaffold" .
In the novel, the writer talks about the destruction of wildlife by man. Three times the wolf family loses their cubs. And Akbar's she-wolf begins to take revenge on the man, takes his cub. The solution to this situation is several deaths: the she-wolf herself, a small child, the son of Boston, and also Bazarbay, who abducted the cubs, die. Akbar's she-wolf embodies mother nature in the work, which rebels against the man who destroys her.
B.L. Vasiliev
story "Don't Shoot the White Swans" .
The hero of this story, forester Yegor Polushkin, and his son Kolka are opposed to poachers, people who soullessly destroy nature.
The problem of interaction between man and nature. How to achieve harmonious coexistence? How does nature affect the human soul? and etc. - in the next issue.
Publication date: 12/11/2016
Arguments that will be very useful to you at the exam when writing an essay.
Possible theses:
- Mankind is forced to sacrifice nature for its own good
- Sometimes greed induces people to harm nature
- People deliberately cause damage to nature for their own benefit.
- Only a morally decaying person is capable of causing damage to nature unnecessarily.
V. P. Astafiev short story "Tsar-fish"
The protagonist of Astafiev's short story "Tsar-fish" was known in his village as the most successful fisherman. But Ignatich abused his skill: he always caught more fish than necessary. The hero was aware of the illegality of his actions and was afraid of being exposed, but greed always got the better of him. Being engaged in poaching, Ignatich caused irreparable damage to the rivers and their inhabitants.
V. Rasputin story "Farewell to the mother"
In V. Rasputin's story "Farewell to Matera", the authorities decided to flood the island, on which the whole village was located. This was necessary to build a new hydroelectric power station. Of course, the residents of Matera were taken care of and provided with new housing. But no one thought about the defenseless inhabitants of the island, along with the earth under the water, a whole world was hidden, invisible to man.
B. L. Vasiliev novel “Do not shoot white swans”
In Vasiliev's novel "Don't Shoot the White Swans" Buryanov caused great damage to nature. Being a forester of the reserve, he abused his official position: he cut down the forest to build his house, stripped lindens to earn money selling bast, and drunken tourists calmly hunted on his territory in a forbidden place.
Chingiz Aitmanov novel "The Scaffold"
The terrible consequences of human influence on nature are reflected in Aitmanov's novel "The Scaffold". To fulfill the meat delivery plan, people encroached on the "meat resources" of the reserve. Without thinking about the consequences, poachers exterminated saigas in huge numbers, which were food for wolves. The irresponsible behavior of people directly affected the lives of predators; during the famine, they lost their offspring.
V. Rasputin story "Fire"
In V. Rasputin's heartbreaking story Fire, the protagonist lived and worked in a timber industry settlement and watched huge areas of forest being cut down. There was no other work for the people, because the fields and meadows were flooded for the construction of the hydroelectric power station. Ivan Petrovich could not come to terms with the company of moral values and was sure that this was due to the felling. The hero was sure that by destroying the forest, a person destroys himself.
Arguments for an essay in the Russian language.
Nature. Part 1.
The problem of nature, attitude to nature, animals, struggle with the natural world, interference in the natural world, the beauty of nature, the influence of nature on a person's character.
Is man the king of nature or a part? What is dangerous consumer attitude to nature? What can lead to the struggle of man with the natural world? (V.P. Astafiev "Tsar-fish")
Astafiev tells us an instructive story about a talented fisherman who has a natural instinct that is useful for fishing. However, this hero also trades in poaching, exterminating fish without counting. By his actions, the hero causes irreparable damage to nature. The reason for these actions is not hunger. Utrobin acts like this out of greed.In one of these sorties, a huge fish comes across a poacher's hook. Greed and ambition prevent the fisherman from calling his brother for help, he decides to pull out a huge sturgeon at all costs. Over time, Ignatich begins to go under water along with the fish. A turning point happens in his soul, where he asks for forgiveness for all his sins in front of his brother, in front of the bride he offended. Having overcome greed, the fisherman calls his brother for help.
Ignatich changes his attitude to nature when he feels how the fish "tightly and carefully pressed against him with a thick and tender belly." He understands that the fish is clinging to him, because he is afraid of death just like he is. He ceases to see in this living creature only an instrument for profit. When the hero realizes his mistakes, he will be liberated and cleansed of his soul from sins.
At the end of the story, we see that nature forgave the fisherman, gave him a new chance to atone for all sins.
The fight between Ignatich and the king fish is a metaphor for the battle between man and nature that takes place every day. Destroying nature, man dooms himself to extinction. Causing harm to nature, a person deprives himself of the environment of existence. Cutting down forests, destroying animals, a person dooms himself to extinction.
This work also raises the question: can a person consider himself the king of nature. And Astafiev gives the answer: no, man is a part of nature, and not always the best. Only concern for nature can maintain the balance of life, the countless destruction of what the world around us gives us can only lead to death. The pride of a person who imagines himself to be the "king of nature" leads only to destruction.
We need to love the world around us, exist in peace and harmony with it, respecting every living being.
Composition
How often do you think about the well-being of the environment? Every day more and more forests are cut down, a huge amount of waste is dumped into the rivers, factories smoke and pollute the atmosphere more, but no one cares. Therefore, the problem of caring for nature is undoubtedly relevant today.
The author of the text, V.M. Peskov, is very worried about the current state of the environment. His extreme concern with this problem is manifested in such questions as "What kind of accounting measures this loss?", "Well, was there no person who could foresee trouble?" People who decide to spray a forest with a chemical liquid are well aware of how detrimental it is to the ecosystem. Because of the carelessness of man, innocent living beings perish. If we continue to destroy nature in the same spirit, then soon there will not be a single green corner left on our planet.
We must learn to respect nature, to live in peace and harmony with all life on Earth. This is exactly what V.M. Peskov calls us to do.
A good example of a correct attitude to nature is the heroine of A.I. Kuprin's story "Olesya". Olesya spent her whole life in unity with nature. She, like no one else, feels a subtle connection between herself and the forest, she understands that he is alive. That is why she takes the side of nature and protects every inhabitant of the forest, from a small blade of grass to a tall spruce. For this love and care for all living things, she was awarded supernatural abilities that help her survive in the wilderness.
Also, confirmation that people have forgotten that nature is their native and only home can be found in I.S. Turgenev's novel "Fathers and Sons". Bazarov, rejecting any aesthetic enjoyment of nature, perceives it as a workshop, and man as a worker. His friend, Arkady, on the contrary, communication with the outside world gives pleasure and helps to heal spiritual wounds. For him, this unity is natural and pleasant ...
Text:
(1) Shrub and undergrowth. (2) Eerie evening silence. (3) Silent thickets. (4) A large flock of magpies rose in one, another place. (5) According to this feast, magpies and ravens found dead elks and birds in the forest. (6) What happened?(7) Recently, an airplane flew over these places and sprayed the forest with a chemical liquid. (8) It was planned to expand the area of meadows. (9) They calculated that uprooting a living forest is more expensive than poisoning it from an airplane, and then uprooting it. (10) The matter is not new, it is attractively cheap and therefore considered progressive and profitable. (11) Undoubtedly, there are significant advantages in this matter. (12) But there are also very big disadvantages. (13) They are not always noticed. (14) But twenty-seven elk died here, black grouse, small birds that saved the surrounding fields and forest from pests were killed. (15) Insects are dying, many of which are our friends. (16) What accountant will now undertake to calculate the benefits of the operation ?! (17) And that's not all. (18) Thousands of people in a big city go to the forest. (19) The singing of birds, every manifestation of life, make up the joy of these walks. (20) A meeting with a large beast is sometimes remembered for a lifetime. (21) Estimate how many people will not meet twenty-seven moose. (22) What kind of accounting measures this loss?
(23) Well, there was no person who could foresee trouble? (24) Quite the opposite. (25) They bombarded the relevant institutions with letters. (26) And there is your own judgment. “(27) We have a plan. (28) And why did they make a fuss? (29) The substance is quite safe. (30) Nothing will happen to your beast.
(31) Responsible officials now look with holy eyes at those who sounded the alarm:
(32) - We? (33) Moose died from something else. (34) We have instructions. (35) Here, read: “This substance is toxic to humans and animals. (36) If you are not careful, there may be poisoning, and the quality of milk in cows also decreases ... ”(37) You see, the quality of milk ... (38) Not a word about moose ...
(39) - But you could guess about it. (40) They warned ...
(41) - We, according to the instructions ...
(42) That's the whole conversation.
(43) ... In a matter where nature and chemistry converge, we should be guided by Caution, Wisdom, Love for our mother earth, a living thing that adorns life and pleases a person. (44) We should not forget in any business about the most important thing - human health, we should not neglect the happiness of hearing birds singing, seeing flowers by the road, a butterfly on the windowsill and an animal in the forest ...
(According to V. Peskov *)
* Vasily Mikhailovich Peskov (born in 1930) is a modern essay writer, journalist, and traveler.