How to make grounding yourself in the country. Do-it-yourself grounding of a country house and system selection
Far from the last security measure is grounding in the country with your own hands: its diagram will be given a little later. Many city dwellers spend the summer months in the country. This is a good option for recreation with the ability to grow vegetables, berries, fruits. But it will not be so comfortable if there is no grounding at home. How to make it in the country on your own?
What is grounding
The process of building multi-storey buildings also includes the arrangement of grounding. Owners of private houses should take care of this themselves. What is it for? In our houses is a large number of appliances powered by electricity. These are televisions, video equipment, microwave ovens, refrigerators, washing machines and other equipment. Electricity can be compared to ordinary water. It also proceeds, choosing the path of least resistance. Every electrical appliance is equipped with insulated wires and cables. If it breaks, you can get an electric shock. To avoid this, a grounding device is performed.
What grounding device can be considered ideal? The one with the least resistance. A person also has this physical quantity, which can change under different climatic conditions and with a change in the physical state of the organism. The resistance of a drunk person is very small, so it is harder for him to endure an electric shock.
What is the effect of soil? The greater its saturation with water, the less the depth of clogging of the electrodes. Peat resistance is 20 Ohm/m. Clay is the same as chernozem - 25-30 Ohm / m. Very high resistance in sandy loam - 150 ohms, and in sand it reaches 1000 ohms. To make grounding in the country for this reason is not so simple.
Now about the electrodes. It is not recommended to bury or drive them to a depth of more than 3 m. But experts do not recommend less than 1.5 m either. If the water lies at a depth of 2.5 m, 2 m is enough to install the electrodes. They are constructed in the form of a triangle with sides of 1.2-3 m. The main circuit is placed at a distance of at least 3 m from the foundation of the house. The device must provide:
- complete safety when people work with electrical appliances and equipment;
- safe work the electrical equipment itself, especially during power surges in the network;
- protection of people and devices from static electricity.
Grounding device
How to make grounding in the country? To perform the necessary work, you need to prepare some tools and materials:
- material for electrodes;
- material for a bunch of electrodes;
- welding machine;
- shovel;
- garden drill (optional);
- roulette.
The most common grounding pattern is a triangle. At its tops are electrodes. They are connected to each other at a depth that is below the freezing level of the soil. Reinforcement or a strip of metal can serve as a material for the connection. Parts are fastened by welding, bolts. Grounding electrodes are made from a steel angle 4 mm thick, reinforcement with a diameter of 12 mm, a steel pipe with a wall thickness of 3.5 mm or more, a steel strip with dimensions of 12x4 mm. When arranging the grounding, you will also need a shovel for digging a trench.
Grounding Diagram - Delta
How to properly ground? For its manufacture, you can purchase a set of parts coated with a layer of copper. Their length is 1 m. There is a special kit for their connection. Everything is assembled extremely simply and quickly. The grounding device begins with digging a trench. Its width is about 50 cm, depth - 1 m. The shape is an equilateral triangle. A tap is made from it to the power electrical cabinet. If the soil allows you to clog the electrodes at the vertices of the triangle - good. Otherwise, well drilling may be necessary. After graduation welding work you need to lead the tire to the cabinet.
Loop testing is done with an ohmmeter. It is better if a specialist does it. Loop resistance should not exceed 4 ohms. If all indicators are normal, then you can fill the trench with homogeneous soil. If the house is set to pile foundation, it can also perform the functions of grounding. To do this, you just need to tie the piles to each other.
Properly made grounding significantly increases the level of safety country house. But a residual current device (RCD) in the power supply system will not be superfluous. Its principle of operation is as follows: each conductive section of electrical appliances that a person can touch is connected to ground. If the phase, when the insulation is damaged, falls into this kind of area, a normal short circuit occurs. In this case, the protection device turns off the current supply.
Main conclusions on the topic
Protective grounding is designed to protect people and electrical appliances from breakdown and electric shock if the insulation is broken. Its presence is able to open the electrical circuit in case of an accident. The power cut is instantaneous. The circuit consists of electrodes buried in the ground and connected to each other. Everything is done with steel or copper. Most often, the contour is made in the form of a triangle, less often - a straight line. The electrodes are connected by welding.
In stores, you can buy ready-made sets of parts called "Crow's Paw", "Closed Loop" and "Combined Grounding".
Parts are usually made of high quality stainless steel. They are copper plated and do not corrode. It is possible to use them without a welding machine. The structures are durable and easy to install.
Good luck in job!
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Many, perhaps, are familiar with the situation: when taking a shower or simply washing hands, a slight tingling current is suddenly felt. Especially noticeable in places of small scratches and other wounds on the body. There are two ways out: find a breakdown and fix it, as well as make high-quality grounding. It is about the second way out of the situation - how to make grounding in a private house yourself - today's article will be.
Grounding: a little theory
"For the land" - these words formed the term. It would be more correct to "to the ground", but apparently the term "landing" sounds somehow ridiculous. Jokes are jokes, but the role of grounding is huge. Since we are talking about protective form, then thanks to him, cases of electric shock are not as frequent as they could be without grounding.
During the operation of various household appliances, the phase wire may touch the housing. There are many examples: either the heating element body has broken the tightness and water directly enters the phase conductor, then during assembly after self-repair, the phase wire “for some reason” began to touch the walls of the case. And this list can be continued almost indefinitely. It turns out that no matter what example we give, the electric current in any of them will amaze us. And here it’s already unpleasant: it’s just unpleasant for someone, and someone can fall dead from defeat after 0.1 seconds.
Grounding allows the current to "leave" along the path of less resistance to the ground and thereby save a person's life. With a well-made grounding, we will not feel the current during a breakdown on the case. If the grounding is insufficient, but still there, then we are threatened by the already mentioned tingling.
How to do it better
Before you make grounding in a private house yourself, we strongly advise you to make sure that you are competent. After all, we repeat, your life and the lives of everyone who lives in the house are at stake. Yes, what is there to hide - you and your guests are at risk. Therefore, think: you will do everything with your own hands or invite a master. We do not want to offend anyone, we are just talking about a serious matter.
Make grounding in a private house simply because of the presence free space and small number of storeys. Even if your mansion consists of 3 floors, then there is nothing frightening here. The main thing for you is to extend the grounding to the first floor, and then to carry out the wiring.
The first thing you have to do is prepare the material. A steel corner, profile, rod or pipe is suitable as a vertical ground electrode. But the main thing is that these materials must be cleaned of rust or paint. Remember: nothing should prevent direct contact of the soil with the metal! If you have used steel elements, then a metal brush or angle grinder with a certain nozzle and go ahead - until the shine starts to blind your eyes. The choice of vertical grounding conductors is a serious matter. It is important to understand here that in addition to the quality of the surface, the area plays an exceptional role. To give an example, sports bike tires are made wide to prevent them from falling or sliding when cornering. Likewise here: more area ground electrode, which will be in contact with the ground, the more likely it is that the grounding will turn out to be of really high quality.
You will also need horizontal ground electrodes. Their role is to connect the vertical ones to each other. You can get by with one vertical ground electrode, but the chances that the structure will not fail during the entire period of operation are minimal. Usually three vertical ones are used and the material for their horizontal connection to each other.
Action algorithm
Some Tips
- You can also dig in a grounding conductor - you won't do worse. On the contrary, it will be even better in terms of current conductivity.
- The copper wire must be solid and with a cross section of at least 4 mm 2.
- This scheme can be supplemented with natural ground electrodes. It can be any metal objects that are in the ground. For example, a sewer pipeline or a metal casing pipe for your well.
- The transition point from the steel ground conductor to the copper cable must be protected against corrosion. It’s easy to do it yourself: now there are ready-made plastic boxes on sale or you can bring a conductor inside the house.
- Upon completion of all installation work, we strongly recommend that you invite an electrician you know to measure the resistance of your ground loop.
- It is better not to use the armature as a grounding element. The structure of steel reinforcement is such that there were even cases of fracture during severe frosts and simultaneous movement of the soil.
- Before driving, the steel material can be sharpened with an angle grinder.
Instead of a conclusion
Still, you yourself will have to make grounding in a private house if it is not there. Living without it is like smoking on a powder keg. And if we take into account the abundance of electrical appliances in our time, then there can be no conversation here. Pumps, refrigerators, boilers, instantaneous water heaters, air conditioners, microwave ovens and washing machines - these units are at risk and their use without grounding is a risky business. Yes, and the question is not about millions - the work is trifling, but the benefits from it are enormous. So go ahead, now you know exactly the answer to the question of how to make grounding in a private house yourself and at the same time be sure of its functionality.
The life of a modern person - especially in recent decades - is unthinkable without electrical appliances, power tools and household electrical appliances. In every house, they now wash with an automatic machine, heat the water with an electric boiler, heat the room or gas boiler, or electric. Cooking is done on gas stove- if gas is brought to the house - or on electric. In general, it is simply impossible to do without electricity in a modern house.
Let it be a friend
But the electric current is not only an invisible helper and friend, but it can also be a hidden killer. To prevent this from happening, people came up with a device to protect against electric shock during the operation of electrical appliances. It is called protective earth. How to make the right grounding? This will be the topic of this article.
With the right arrangement of this protection, you can enjoy the benefits of civilization and enjoy life without harm to life and health. It is noteworthy that in our homes such a necessary element of security is completely absent. Even at the stage of designing a house, no one ever pays attention to this. Unlike the “decaying” west, where even the plug from the iron has a separate ground wire - what can we say about electrical wiring?
What is grounding for?
The danger of electric shock lurks in the very device of electrical appliances and power tools - they all have insulated conductors through which electric current flows. But nothing lasts forever, and therefore no one will ever give a full guarantee that there will be no damage to insulating materials, which is fraught with the fact that the surfaces of household appliances and power tools may be energized. And the operating conditions themselves often contribute to some current leakage. For example, washing machines or dryers. In this case, one person is slightly “tingled” when touching the equipment, and the other can be so “shaken” that for a long time it will discourage them from contacting such “assistants”.
That's why you need a third pin in the socket
This is where the realization of a simple truth begins - why the plug of an electrical appliance made "abroad" has a special design. And all the sockets in the house must correspond to it - although, alas, this is not the case in our realities. This is not a whim of the manufacturer - this is a strict observance of the rules that protect human life. It is this design that ensures safe work with electrical equipment. And for it to work properly, it needs a third ground conductor connecting all surfaces that can be touched by a person to a device called a ground loop. Electric current, with such a device electrical network, does not harm a person, as it goes through the grounding system into the earth itself - along the line of least resistance.
No ground? Urgently and unconditionally...
Houses that do not have protective grounding are a potential threat, moreover, daily and every minute, human life. But to make grounding in a private house is absolutely not difficult. It is worth applying maximum perseverance and a little physical strength - and protection from an insidious and invisible enemy is ready. In addition, you do not need to use any special materials for this. Everything is simple and affordable.
Although making the ground loop itself, without changing anything else, will not be enough. This will be a partial protection, providing only half the safety - from damage to the wiring. For complete security, it is necessary to change the wiring, in case it was laid even “under Tsar Pea”. And when you build a house, then God himself ordered to lay the wires, taking into account the requirements set forth in the rules for the safety of electrical installations. After all, an additional third wire in some cases may turn out to be the very thread on which the lives of all those living in the house or vacationing in the country will hang.
Protective Device Requirements
no special and there are no difficult requirements when performing work on the protective grounding device. The main task of the entire grounding circuit is to ensure its minimum resistance, which in our houses and cottages should be no more than 4 ohms.
Another requirement - along the entire length of the ground wire - the third one - there should not be any switches, disconnectors and poor-quality connections. A conductor runs from each outlet to a bus bar connected to the switchboard housing.
The material used to equip the ground loop should in no way be "protected" from corrosion - no paint and primer. All connections of the contour elements must be welded with a circular weld. And the conductors inside the house or cottage should be copper.
How to make the right grounding? It is by fulfilling all these requirements that we can confidently speak about the sufficiency and guaranteed effective protection provided by this protection device.
Let's get to work ... In the country
How to make grounding in the country? The first step in the work on arranging the ground loop will be the choice of location. It depends on whether the contour is made in the country or in a private house. Although now there is not much difference, but given that country houses are, as a rule, light structures that do not have a foundation, there are some nuances. Location can be considered one of them - gardening cooperatives are usually located in suburban areas and near small bodies of water. This is a huge plus, because loamy, clay and peat soils are desirable for proper grounding.
Types of ground loops
There are several types of protective ground loop designs. In this article, we will pay attention to the two most common ones - triangular and linear. On the suburban area near the house there is usually enough space for a triangular circuit. The ground loop is assembled from several elements - three "legs", the length of each of which is selected within 2-3 meters.
Earthworks - the foundation of the foundations
Now in more detail about how to make grounding in the country. On the selected site, we mark an equilateral triangle with a side length of 2.5 meters. Then we dig a trench on the sides of this triangle with a depth of 80 cm. From the dug trench, we break through another small ditch with a depth of at least 50 cm towards the house. We take metal electrodes - for this we use a 50 x 50 corner - and hammer them into the vertices of the triangle so that the upper end of each electrode is at a depth of half a meter. Then all these electrodes are connected with a metal bus measuring 5 x 40 with a circular welding seam, in one of the sections of which a bolt is welded under the nut for 17 or 19. A thick copper wire will be attached to it, which will go to the house to the switchboard along the already dug branch. The trenches are then backfilled.
After carefully reading this material, everyone can understand how to make grounding in the country with their own hands. But the ground loop is only part of the job. It is necessary to change the wiring or lay a new one, taking into account a separate ground wire connecting the ground conductor on the distribution board to each outlet. Only after all this can we say with confidence that the grounding device in the country house is completed.
Grounding in your own house
How to make grounding in the country, has already been said. For those conditions, a triangular ground loop scheme was chosen, as it met all the requirements. But in private houses, a different situation is sometimes observed - there is not always enough space for a triangular contour. How to properly ground the house in these conditions? Very simple - using a linear ground loop circuit. Everything that was said above is quite applicable in this situation. Only instead of an equilateral triangle, a straight (but not necessarily) trench 4-5 meters long and also 80 centimeters deep is being dug. The electrodes are driven in to the same depth as in the previous version, only at a distance of 2-2.5 meters from each other. A withdrawal is made to the foundation - a trench about 50 centimeters deep. The distance from the foundation to the trench with the ground loop should not be less than 50-60 centimeters.
In the same way, each connection of the bus with the electrodes is welded, a bolt is welded and a copper wire is attached to it, leading to the foundation, and then to the switchboard. The requirement to replace or install new wiring remains in effect. And now, from all that has been said, we can hope that it has become clear and understandable to everyone how to make grounding in the house.
Building a house outside the city is a cherished dream for most people. However, the construction of a house is inseparably linked with the safety of living in it. Recently, many have been building houses on their own, while a modern house is a mass of equipment that runs on electricity. At the same time separately standing house affected environment, which can provoke great risks, both in terms of voltage drop and short circuit, at which the force of the charge can not only damage household appliances, but also cause a fire. For this purpose, it is recommended to equip a grounding system in a private house.
Moreover, if such a need arises within the city, then problems with the order professional service no, but if this needs to be done outside the city, then you will have to overpay and incur additional costs. Therefore, having detailed instructions, you can do this work yourself.
The grounding system is equipped in accordance with the technical conditions for the operation of the structure and taking into account the presence of electrical equipment and the connected phase in it.
What is a grounding system?
Grounding is a specially made connection to the soil of the body of electrical appliances made of metal, which, in case of damage to the internal wiring, can conduct current and have an adverse effect on a person.
The grounding system solves the following tasks:
- - ensures safety during the operation of electrical equipment;
- - provides protection for electrical engineering when the frequency of the current in the network changes;
- - reduces the possibility of damage to those who are in contact with electrical engineering, static current.
Grounding system regulation
The construction of a private house is regulated by state building codes, which include requirements for the arrangement of a passive safety system for electrical wiring (grounding and emergency disconnection from the network).
Reducing the voltage in the network to safe levels is ensured by the grounding procedure, which in the same way affects electrical appliances that are energized, and also resets the external voltage when it comes into contact with the wire - phase.
Another property of the grounding system is that the appearance of a breakdown in the electrical circuit of household appliances leads to a short circuit, which is eliminated by the emergency wiring system or emergency operation of the fuses.
The emergency electric wiring system works in a fraction of a second, but if there is a person in the way of such a current, then it may not work.
Arrangement of a grounding system in the country
State acceptance of the house for operation is carried out if there is a properly installed grounding system, the basis of which is the circuit.
The circuit is made of interconnected electrodes, which are dug into the soil according to a certain pattern. In this case, it can be a circuit connected in a certain place, as well as around the entire perimeter of the structure. The grounding system loop is connected with a special wire to the control panels.
Having a clear calculation of the power load on the power grid of the structure and possible potential loads, a plan is drawn up for arranging the circuit (in a certain place or circular). Most often, the most effective place for arranging the circuit is the area in close proximity to the electrical panel, which provides the input of electricity to the house.
Copper is used for grounding, as well as black or galvanized steel in the form of angles (50 mm / 50 mm / 5 mm) or strips (40 mm / 4 mm).
The arrangement of contours is not recommended for soils with rocks and stones. It should also be remembered that in no case should metal parts used as electrical grounding conductors be painted, as this reduces their conductivity.
Most often, for its arrangement, preparatory work is carried out in the form of digging a pit (a triangular shape with a side size of 3 meters or a rectangular shape 5 m long and up to ½ meter wide) with a depth of ½ to 1 meter.
As experts recommend, it is necessary to take into account the depth of groundwater, as well as the rate of soil freezing in winter. If the groundwater is far away, then the contour is laid below the freezing point of the soil, if not, then the counter is set above the groundwater.
Direct installation of circuits involves driving corners (electrodes) 2-3 meters long at the corners of the pit. This is done using a ground drill or a conventional hammer. In this case, it is necessary to maintain a distance of 1 meter between them.
The ground electrodes of the circuit should look out of the ground by 200 mm, to which a steel strip is welded horizontally along the perimeter, going to the electrical panel, onto the bus.
Welding seams must be treated with an anti-corrosion agent (for example, bitumen). After that, the resistance of the circuit is checked, and the pit is covered with excavated soil.
Another way to arrange the grounding system loops is to install a horizontal ground electrode in the form of a metal strip made of steel (section not less than 75 mm 2), aluminum (section not less than 16 mm 2) or copper (section not less than 16 mm 2). It connects to a bolted busbar.
Grounding the house - photo
The contours of the grounding system are recommended to be installed within 4-6 meters from the structure. At the same time, experts warn homeowners about the dangers when arranging a circuit to a structure at a distance of up to 1 meter and more than 10 meters.
After the installation work is completed, the resistance of the grounding system must be measured, which may indicate its operability and expected efficiency.
Additional grounding system
To ensure complete protection of the house from damage to the mains and electrical appliances, it is necessary to provide for the installation of a lightning protection system. Such a system is arranged in the form of a triangle in the pit.
In this case, the length of the side of the triangle obtained by the ground electrodes installed in the pit must be at least 2 meters. To do this, you can use various metal products (fittings, corners or pipes), which are immersed in the soil to a depth of 2 to 3 meters.
The grounding system against lightning strikes is arranged near the structure. A pit is dug between the ground electrodes (depth - ½ meter), in which a strip of metal is laid, which has a horizontal welding connection with them. As a result, the circuit is connected to the ground bus through the ground conductor.
Modern industry offers consumers ready-made grounding system kits that have detailed installation instructions, as well as correctly calculated resistance indicators. These kits have prefabricated connection mechanisms that guarantee reliability of its use.
Independent arrangement of the grounding system at home requires careful familiarization with the requirements for them. Also, the correctness of the work should be tested with special measuring equipment such as "Ohmmeter".
Properly performed work will ensure the necessary level of safety and security of the structure and property.
The modern world is already difficult to imagine without electricity. They work on it heating appliances, Appliances, even stoves for baths and saunas. But it is this factor that becomes a possible fire risk. Fire safety in residential buildings must be given great attention in order to secure the house and its inhabitants. But no less than a fire, you should be afraid of electric shock (for example, during a thunderstorm).
Any home that has electricity needs to be grounded. In the case of an apartment building, the contractor is responsible for the installation of the grounding system, and the safety of a private, including a summer house, is the concern of the owners.
Do you need grounding in the country? This question often arises among the owners country houses, and the answer is yes. Electric shock can occur as a result of a lightning strike, which occurs infrequently. But, if electrical appliances are used in the country, if they fail, the risk increases significantly.
It is impossible to predict these events, but it is in your power to protect yourself from them by taking care of grounding in advance.
The principle of operation of grounding
When planning a grounding structure, it is necessary to understand the principle of its operation and the circumstances under which there is a danger of electric shock. Conventionally, electric current is similar to water - it tends to follow the path of least resistance. It is this property that ensures the operation of grounding.
A potential source of danger in private homes are household electrical appliances - washing machine, microwave oven, etc. The operation of these devices is provided by an electrical network consisting of two conductors (zero and phase).
Ground connection in a private house
All appliances are properly insulated and fused, but sometimes their protection system fails. In this case, a person who touches the body of the device risks getting an electric shock. The greatest danger is posed by nearby metal structures (pipes, fittings, batteries). At the same time, grasping the pipe and the body of the faulty unit, the person closes the electrical circuit. After that, the current, having passed through the body, will go to the ground, towards zero potential.
To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to assemble a device consisting of a metal circuit and a ground line that has less resistance than the human body and connect potentially dangerous devices to it. If the house has TV antenna, then it is also grounded. Then, in the event of a malfunction or a lightning strike, the current will go to the circuit, bypassing the person.
What should be the grounding?
In order for the grounding device in the country to be effective, it is better to use a ready-made factory kit that includes all the necessary parts and equipment. Also, the successful functioning of grounding depends on the composition of the soil on the site and the depth of groundwater.
These indicators affect the depth of the contour - the higher the soil moisture, the closer the device is placed in the soil surface. Therefore, it is necessary to find out the parameters of the soil before starting work. The optimal depth for grounding is considered to be from 1.5 to 3 m.
Circuit with three electrodes
Another important parameter is the step between the electrodes that form the circuit. Usually at least three are used, they are connected in the form of a triangle or in a row. The distance between them varies in the range of 1.5-3 m. Assembly diagrams recommended for a particular set are attached to the instructions for the set.
For private houses, four main schemes are more often used:
- Scheme No. 1 - metal elements are buried in the ground around the perimeter of the house, forming a closed loop. This option is not popular due to the difficulty of digging so many trenches and the need to involve assistants.
- Scheme No. 2 - three pin electrodes are connected by a bus and dug into the soil to a moderate depth.
- Scheme No. 3 - using one placed on great depth electrode. For such grounding, special electrodes and pliable, non-stony soil are needed.
- Scheme No. 4 - grounding is installed simultaneously with pouring the foundation of the house. Such a system is convenient, but if it was not provided for at the stage of drawing up the building project, it is not feasible.
Of the listed structures in the assembly, the second and third grounding schemes are simpler, which can be performed independently at any stage of building a house, including in a finished building. At the same time, the second option is more versatile and not so demanding on the composition of the soil, so further we will talk about it.
How to secure the cottage?
Consider how to make grounding in the country and, thereby, protect yourself from electric shock. As already mentioned, for such houses, scheme No. 2 is often used from electrodes connected in the form of a triangle.
Homemade grounding installation
According to this scheme, it is possible to assemble grounding not only from the factory kit, but also from improvised materials.
Trench for groundingFor this you will need:
- metal strips 4 cm wide and 4 mm thick for the tire;
- steel corner 4-5 mm thick for electrodes;
- Sander;
- garden drill;
- shovel;
- welding machine;
- sledgehammer.
First, we determine the location. It should provide a convenient connection from the ground bus to the power shield. In addition, the contour cannot be placed at a distance of less than three meters from the foundation of the house. Before starting work, it is recommended that you consult your local power supply company regarding the optimal grounding schemes for your area.
Installation sequence:
- In the chosen place, markings are applied and a pit is dug with a depth of about 1 m and a trench leading to the basement of the house. Instead of a pit, you can confine yourself to a trench in the form of a ground loop.
- The edges of the steel corners, which will become the electrodes, are sharpened in the form of a triangle with a grinder.
- The electrodes are buried in the ground with a sledgehammer so that they rise above the bottom of the pit or trench by 20 cm.
- Steel strips are horizontally welded to the corners, forming a triangular tire.
- Another steel strip (tire) is attached to one of the electrodes, it is laid in a prepared trench and brought to the basement of the building.
- The tire is attached to the base and a threaded bolt is welded to it.
- The end of the bus is connected with a bolt to the terminal of the ground wire leading to the switchboard.
- A hole is drilled in the wall for the wire and a plastic sleeve is inserted into it.
- The wire is brought to the shield and connected to the distribution plate.
Bus outlet on the base of the house
The design is ready, but before filling the pit, make sure everything is working properly. But how to check the grounding in the country? Measure the resistance of the resulting circuit without having special equipment and skills, unsafe. In this situation, it is more rational to invite workers from the power supply service, especially since they need to issue permits for grounding work.
If the measurements show an unsatisfactory result, the grounding resistance can be reduced by adding vertical electrodes. Another way to improve performance is to sprinkle the circuit with table salt. But it must be borne in mind that this will increase the corrosion of the metal. Having achieved the desired parameters, the trench is covered with soil and rammed.
Salt reduces the resistance of the material
Installation of the factory kit
In addition to homemade, you can install the finished structure in the country. A factory grounding kit for a summer residence is much more convenient to assemble and install than a homemade one. It consists of a set of copper or galvanized pins with connectors that allow you to adjust the length of the electrodes as you go deeper. Such a kit is used to create grounding according to scheme No. 3 with one pin electrode.
Usually, the package includes steel pins with a diameter of 1.4-1.8 mm and a length of 1.5 meters each.
Connections are made using threaded or press-in couplings, and a pointed tip is also attached for easy passage of the soil. Trusted companies should be preferred, and devices should be purchased from stores with responsible suppliers.
The impact is transmitted by a special nozzle - a dowel. Its use does not allow the metal to be compressed from the blows of a sledgehammer. There are kits that provide for the penetration of the pins not by impact force, but through an adapter connected to a high-power puncher.
Installation procedure:
- In a suitable place, they dig a pit with a depth and width of 1 m.
- Pins are driven into the bottom of the pit, increasing them to the desired length (6-15 m, depending on the soil).
- A 20 cm long electrode section is left above the ground surface and a contact clamp (included) is put on it.
- A metal strip or earth cable is inserted inside the clamp.
- The cable or bus is brought inside the house and connected to the shield, in the same way as described above.
factory kit
It remains only to check the operation of the device, and the grounding in the country is ready.
So, if you make a little effort, you will save time and money when organizing grounding. But, if you doubt that you can perform all the activities correctly, seek help from specialists.
Photo: device examples
Before installing your own design, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with examples of how to make grounding in the country with your own hands. The above photos and diagrams will help to better understand the principle of operation of the device.
Grounding with three electrodes and a steel strip busbar
Cable connections with deep pin electrode
Scheme of the device built into the foundation of the task
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