White spots appeared on the leaves of tomato seedlings. Effective protection of tomato seedlings. How to prevent disease
Leaves turn white at tomato seedlings - what kind of misfortune? Experienced gardeners are convinced that you need to try hard to ruin tomato seedlings. In their opinion, this is a strong, hardy plant that does not require special care. Tomatoes are almost always happy good harvest, but the question is, will it be possible for beginners to achieve such a result?
As practice shows, not everyone undertakes to plant tomatoes. This means that in reality everything is not so simple. Seedlings are susceptible to diseases and pests. Adverse weather conditions (rain or drought) can also kill the plant.
A lot of questions are caused by such a phenomenon as a change in the color and structure of the leaves of seedlings - they curl and. The appearance of white spots on the leaf plates may indicate the most different problems, and the sooner the cause is established, the greater the chance of saving tomatoes.
Sunburn on young tomatoes
Why do the leaves of tomatoes turn white and dry after planting in the ground? Most often this problem affects young plants. For example, all foliage turned white, and only the stem remained green. Some tops can also turn white - only the leaves of the seedlings that have appeared.
If these signs are present, it can be concluded that the seedlings are affected by sunburn.
Plants could get it under certain circumstances:
- unprepared seedlings were exposed to the open sun;
- tomatoes were transferred from the premises and immediately planted in the ground or in a greenhouse.
What to do?
- Seedlings need to be accustomed to the sun from the moment the young shoots appear. Containers with plants should be placed by the window so that the sun's rays fall on them most of the day.
- If there is little sun (“northern” windows, cloudy spring), tomatoes are accustomed to the sun gradually. Before planting in the ground, seedlings should be exposed to the sun for several hours. Every day you need to increase the time spent on the street.
- If unaccustomed plants are planted in a greenhouse, then it is necessary to cover them with lutrasil, a non-woven fibrous material. Ordinary beds are also recommended to be covered with this material placed on arcs.
If there is a greenhouse,. The plant will develop there quickly and without problems. Tomatoes will get used to the sun's rays and at the same time adapt to growing outdoors.
At first, the greenhouse must be kept covered. You can open it only for watering and airing tomatoes. As the temperature rises, the ventilation time should be increased.
If the foliage is already affected by a burn, there is no way to return the green color to the whitened leaves. However, you can still try to save the plant. In the evening, after sunset, the leaves are treated with "Epin" - a biostimulant. Thanks to this tool, the tomato will cope with stress. Processing is carried out three times with an interval of 7 days.
The affected plant will develop more slowly.
Problems in adult seedlings
Often the leaves turn white due to disease. The disease is evidenced not only by white spots, but also by other signs.
brown spot
Happens at the beginning of fruiting. Suffer from the disease, as a rule, tomatoes grown in a greenhouse.
Symptoms:
- the leaf plate from below was covered with a white "fluff";
- plaque gradually acquires a dark brown color;
- on top of the leaves appear yellow indistinct spots;
- if the plant is sick for a long time, the leaves curl and dry.
This is one of the reasons why tomato leaves turn white and dry.
The disease progresses rapidly and spreads at high humidity and air temperature. The best prevention is frequent ventilation of the greenhouse and a decrease in humidity.
At the first sign, tomatoes should be treated with Bordeaux liquid - a solution of copper sulfate in milk of lime. The procedure is repeated four times with an interval of 10 days.
white rot
This is a fungal disease that affects the stems and fruits.
Symptoms:
- plant tissues become soft and slimy;
- a white mycelium appears on the root neck, stem and at the base of the leaf plates;
- the tomato gradually withers and dies.
The disease spreads rapidly at low temperatures and high humidity.
What will help?
- Mode setting.
- Partial or complete elimination of diseased tomatoes.
- Treatment of the cut site with crushed chalk, coal, potassium permanganate solution or copper sulphate.
- Spraying with Bordeaux mixture.
powdery mildew
The causative agent of the disease is marsupial fungus.
Symptoms:
- grayish bloom and white spots on the lower part of the foliage;
- appear on top of the leaves;
- leaves burn out and dry
Why do tomato seedlings turn white leaves? If there is a gray-white coating from below, and yellowness from above, then powdery mildew is the culprit of the disease. The disease progresses with sudden changes in humidity. Tomatoes are very difficult to treat. It is easier to prevent the problem - with frequent rains, spray the seedlings with "Tsineb" - an effective fungicide.
What will help?
- Cutting and burning diseased parts of a tomato.
- Treatment with a solution of "Tsineb" or "Trichodermin" (fungicide).
Septoria
Another name for the disease is white spotting. This is a fungal disease.
Symptoms:
- at the beginning of the disease - brown marks on the bottom of the leaves;
- growth of brown dots into white spots with a yellow frame;
- the appearance of dark dots on the spots;
- the spread of the disease to young tops.
What to do?
The affected parts must be cut off. The entire bush is treated with Fitosporin, a new generation biofungicide.
late blight
Another disease that threatens tomatoes. Usually, it first affects the potato, and then goes to the tomato.
Symptoms:
- foliage and branches become covered with brownish spots;
- from the bottom of the leaf plate - white spots in the form of plaque;
- brown spots are found under the skin of the fetus;
- they grow rapidly and cover the entire fruit;
- the tomato becomes hard, and then quickly becomes sour.
What to do?
The affected parts of the bush must be removed, the plant itself must be treated with a Bordeaux mixture. Fruits taken from diseased bushes should be placed for a couple of minutes in hot water(from 60 degrees). This is necessary for disinfection, even if there are no visible stains.
So, why do tomatoes turn white leaves? This can happen for several reasons. The culprit of the problem is often the banal sunburn. This happens after or primer.
A great threat is posed by various fungal diseases, the most dangerous of which is powdery mildew. To prevent the disease, it is necessary to maintain optimal humidity in the greenhouse or hotbed, regularly ventilate and periodically treat the bushes with fungicides. If infection has occurred, the affected parts are cut off, and the bushes themselves are sprayed with the same fungicide.
Vegetable growers who have had to grow tomatoes from seedlings know how easy it is to do. But not only successes happen in this field, sometimes heat-loving pampered seedlings get sick and even die. Timely measures taken to eliminate the causes of the disease help to avoid a sad outcome. And in order to correctly identify them, you need to learn as much as possible about the problems of growing tomato seedlings. In particular, it is desirable to find out where the white spots on the leaves of tomato seedlings come from - a common symptom of various diseases.
What causes tomato seedlings
There are many diseases that attack tomato seedlings:
- Viral;
- non-infectious;
- Bacterial;
- Fungal.
Viral diseases occur due to unfavorable growing conditions, lack of nutrients. Pests can bring the virus to seedlings. At risk are seedlings obtained from untreated seeds before planting.
Non-communicable diseases occur with insufficient or excessive fertilization, imbalance of nutrients in the soil under plants.
Bacterial appear in conditions favorable for the development of pathogenic organisms: at elevated temperatures and excessive humidity.
Note! The first to be affected, as a rule, are untreated seeds growing on undisinfected soil.
Fungal diseases, similar to bacterial ones, manifest themselves under improper planting conditions: excessive watering and overheating.
Diseases caused by bacteria include:
- Bacterial mottling;
- Bacterial wilt.
- Noncommunicable diseases are:
- Phosphorus deficiency;
- lack of calcium;
- Lack of nitrogen;
- potassium deficiency;
- Magnesium deficiency.
Virus diseases of tomatoes:
- Aspermia;
- Strick;
- Mosaic.
Seedling diseases provoked by a fungus:
- White leaf spot (septoria);
- Powdery mildew;
- late blight;
- Blackleg;
- Cladosporiosis;
- Fusarium wilt;
- Alternariosis;
- White, gray, black rot.
The list is quite large, but the sign in the form of whiteness on the leaves is not inherent in all diseases. It is on those factors that provoke such a symptom that it makes sense to dwell in more detail.
Why did the leaves of the seedlings turn white
There may be several reasons for this pathology. It is worth considering the factors of their occurrence and control measures in detail.
powdery mildew
A fairly common problem. Occurs with high humidity, sudden changes in daily temperatures. The culprit for the appearance of white spots on the leaves of tomato seedlings is a marsupial fungus that settles on the underside of the leaves.
Main features
On the lower leaves, a dirty white coating is found. From above, the leaf blade is covered with yellowish spots. The fungus spreads from the bottom up, causing the seedlings to dry out and die.
Control measures
It is desirable to reduce the percentage of nitrogenous fertilizers that have a bad effect on plant immunity. Instead, make fertilizing with potassium and phosphorus. The main assistants in the fight against powdery mildew are fungicides (Fundazol, Fundazim).
Advice! In the early stages of the disease, folk remedies can help, for example, spraying with a solution of whey (1 part whey to 9 parts water).
Cladosporiosis
A disease that mainly affects greenhouse tomato seedlings. More often attacks hybrid varieties.
Main features
Like powdery mildew, the disease first attacks the lower tier of leaves. A whitish coating with a velvety surface appears on them, eventually acquiring a brown or black color. The leaves, starting from the tips, dry out, can curl and fall off. The process of photosynthesis slows down significantly, and as a result, the development of the plant stops. Spores that have fallen on the walls of the greenhouse, soil, inventory remain viable for a long time.
Control measures
As a preventive measure, it is proposed not to thicken the plantings, to ventilate the greenhouse more often, and to monitor the level of humidity. When the first signs of cladosporiosis appear, sprinkling is completely stopped, the affected leaves are removed.
Important! Disinfection of the greenhouse destroys spores. Replacing the soil also causes the disease to recede.
Of the chemicals, Pseudobacterin and Fitosporin are effective. One spraying is unlikely to be enough, so it is advisable to repeat it after 20 days. If the disease does not go away, it is worth purchasing a more powerful drug (Abiga-Peak, Kuproksat).
Mosaic of tomatoes
If the leaves on the seedlings of tomatoes began to turn white, perhaps the cause of the symptom is a mosaic.
Main features
The virus most often infects indeterminate varieties. The leaves on the seedlings wither, grow, deform. White, yellow, blue or bright green spots appear on them, resembling a mosaic in appearance. First of all, the upper part of the plant suffers. Gradually, the leaves become ugly, brittle, curl. The virus is tenacious, it persists on seeds and in the soil.
Control measures
There is no effective way to treat an already begun disease. Affected plants are removed to avoid infecting the rest of the seedlings. Before the next sowing, it is imperative to disinfect the seeds by holding them in a 1% solution of potassium permanganate. The soil mixture for planting is steamed.
Septoria (white spot)
One of the main reasons why the leaves of tomato seedlings turn white. This disease is caused by the fungus Septoria lycopersici.
Main features
On the largest, moisture-saturated leaves of tomato seedlings, white spots appear, gradually increasing in size up to 5 mm. Over time, a black border appears around the spots, and a gray dot in the center is a repository of fungal spores. Gradually, the disease affects the stems and petioles of the plant. In advanced cases, the spots merge into one, capturing the entire leaf. Bottom line: drying, dying leaves and the inability of seedlings to fully develop.
The virus loves high humidity, it serves as the main factor for its reproduction and settlement. Also contributes to the development of pathology high temperature. Spores are easily transferred on clothes and equipment, quickly take root, and after a week their detrimental effect on tomatoes becomes noticeable.
Control measures
As a preventive measure, experts advise plowing and digging the earth or its disinfection. It is imperative to remove plant residues, especially in a greenhouse. Plantings of tomatoes and neighboring crops should be placed at a small distance, it is not necessary to “sculpt” one to the other.
If possible, the soil for tomatoes is collected in places where the cultivation of this crop has not been carried out for more than 3 years. Helps in the fight against fungus disinfection of equipment and greenhouses. Do not neglect the frequent ventilation of the greenhouse, they will benefit.
If the fungus managed to settle on only one bush, it will have to be removed and burned. When there is a massive infection, you can not do without fungicides (Thanos, Revus, Title). At first, spraying with Bordeaux mixture will help.
Leaves turn white after planting in the ground
It happens that absolutely healthy, strong tomato seedlings, after transplanting to a permanent place, begin to dry, become covered with light spots. These are the consequences of stress caused by the unusual conditions of the open area.
The factors that cause the appearance of whiteness on the leaves of tomatoes and peppers include:
- Strong wind, drafts;
- Insufficient warming of the soil;
- Cold rain;
- Sudden temperature changes;
- Intense exposure to the rays of the sun.
The last factor causes the appearance of sunburn - those same spots. Often the affected leaves dry up and fall off, but the growing point remains intact. Therefore, the seedlings do not disappear completely, but nevertheless they are significantly damaged. To avoid this, after planting, young bushes, before they have time to turn white, are covered with agrofibre, placing it on pre-installed wire arcs. So the plants will not be crushed and will not break. Shelter is removed daily for some time, first in the morning, then in the morning and in the evening.
Gradually, the seedlings will get used to the scorching sun and it will be possible not to cover it even on a hot afternoon. It will get used to about 2 weeks after planting.
Another method of adapting seedlings to a new place is also known. It is shaded by sticking branches of deciduous trees (birch, alder, aspen) next to the seedlings. After a few days, the branches will dry out and can be removed. Tomatoes will get used to the new place by then.
In order for tomato seedlings to get stronger and grow new leaves instead of damaged ones, it will be useful to spray with Zircon or Epin preparations.
They are diluted with water at the rate of 1 ml per 5 liters of water. Processing can be started on the second day after disembarkation, as a preventive measure.
Sometimes the leaves of tomatoes turn white due to damage to the roots during planting. To avoid this, you need to grow seedlings in separate cups or pick in time, planting seedlings in separate containers. Also, before planting, it will not be superfluous to harden the seedlings. They start it a couple of weeks before the planned landing in the ground. First, containers with plants are left in the fresh air for several hours. At the same time, direct sunlight and exposure to drafts and wind are not allowed. After a week, the time spent on the street can be increased to a day, covering the seedlings for the night with a heater.
After that, you can start accustoming tomatoes to the sun. They are left in a well-lit place for 2-3 hours, gradually increasing the time.
Advice! Before planting, it will be possible to hold the plants in the sun for a couple of days all day: stress will no longer have serious consequences.
It is worth remembering about the correct watering, which is carried out in the morning or in the evening, avoiding moisture on the leaves. The droplets, acting as lenses, collect the sun's ray, provoking burns.
If light spots appear on tomato seedlings, do not waste time in vain. It is necessary to find out the cause of the disease and take appropriate measures, the only way to save the future harvest.
If suddenly white spots appear on the leaves of tomato seedlings, you need to immediately respond. What to do in this case? First of all, it is necessary to understand the causes of their occurrence, and then take some action.
Reasons for the appearance
Summer residents prepare seeds for planting, take care of them, germinate, water, turn, transplant, fertilize seedlings. And when it's time to enjoy healthy plants in anticipation of the harvest, spots may appear on the leaves.
Of course, this is worrying, because it means that something went wrong. The spots may be white, dry, may have some kind of border, may be covered with a whitish coating, they are dark and light, depressed or protruding above the surface of the leaf plate. You need to consider them carefully, remember what happened to the plants in recent times, this will help identify the spots and determine the cause of their occurrence.
Sometimes it happens that seedlings grow well, look healthy, and as soon as they begin to take them out to the sun or a few days after planting in the garden, white irregularly shaped spots appear. These spots often appear on the upper leaves, and all the leaves may turn white, only the stems will remain green. It's most likely sunburn. It occurs when direct sunlight hits a plant that is not hardened, and a plant that gets wet under the sun's rays is especially affected. This is very unpleasant, but not fatal, the plant in most cases can recover and grow further.
It is much worse if white spots on the leaves on tomatoes occur due to a disease. If cloudy white spots with dark edges start from the lower leaves, and then spread further, if they leave the impression of a gray coating, then most likely this is Septoria, a very dangerous fungal disease. If no action is taken, then black dots will appear in the middle of the white spots, the leaves will darken and fall off, the disease will capture other leaves, stems, fruits. The plant could become infected if the soil was poorly prepared, spores could remain in it. The seed material could be infected, which is why the seeds must be treated before sowing. Septoria usually develops in July because it is provoked by high humidity during extreme heat.
Spots may appear on tomato leaves as a result of other diseases, but they will already look different. With cladosporiosis, the spots are olive above and brown below. A mossy or velvety coating on the underside of the leaf indicates a fungal origin. A whitish coating appears on the leaves with powdery mildew, but it is on the underside of the leaf.
A viral disease called mosaic also stains the leaves, they are usually multi-colored - light and dark green shades, they can be whitish and almost black.
Video “Problems of tomato seedlings”
From the video you will learn about the possible problems and diseases of tomato seedlings.
Control measures
Having established the cause, you can deal with troubles. If the spots appeared as a result of a sunburn, then shading the plants will save the situation. If the burn appeared on seedlings that they began to take out into the street, then it is worth changing the “walk” schedule, first airing the plants in the early morning, then in the afternoon, but starting from shady places, exposing young plants to the sun for a very short time, gradually increasing this time.
Epin will help to cope with the situation, rather bring the plant into shape. You can treat it with this drug in the evening, it will help the seedlings survive stress and bounce back.
If the spots appeared due to the defeat of a fungal disease, it is not so easy to cope with it. With early diagnosis, you can try to save the plant by removing the affected leaves. Septoria has entered the body of the plant either from the soil or from the seed, so that by removing some leaves, you can continue to lose the next, and at this time the threat of infection of other bushes increases. If an adult plant is afflicted with a disease, it must be removed as soon as possible, destroyed. If signs are found on seedlings, you can try to treat it with Fitosporin. It is necessary to dilute the drug according to the instructions written on the package, carry out several treatments. If further plants will receive proper care, a balanced diet, that is, the possibility of not remembering the disease until the end of summer.
If a mosaic is found, you need to get rid of diseased plants as soon as possible. But with cladosporiosis, you can fight with the help of drugs "Barrier" or "Barrier". The affected leaves are removed and the plants are treated. Powdery mildew is fought with the help of the preparations "Tsineba", "Trichodermin", "Gaupsin".
Prevention
So that tomatoes are not struck by a sunburn, seedlings need to be taught from the very beginning, from the first days of life, little by little to sunlight. Vegetable growers do the wrong thing, they wait until it gets stronger, and then, before planting in the ground, they begin to expose it to the sun. This should be done as early as possible, the threat of burns will disappear, and the plant will receive more strength and energy. If time is lost, you will have to use lutrasil for shading after planting, but such tomatoes grow more slowly.
To prevent fungal diseases, you need to carefully select planting material, disinfect seeds and soil.
Video “Diseases and pests of tomatoes”
From the video you will learn about the most common diseases and pests of tomatoes.
In the conditions of indoor or greenhouse cultivation of seedlings, the future harvest is jeopardized due to the danger of young plants being damaged by pests. There is also a high probability of the spread of diseases, manifested in a change in the color and shape of the leaves of the seedlings. There are several reasons that contribute to the appearance of white bloom on the leaves of pepper seedlings, regardless of the characteristics of their planting or the variety chosen.
powdery mildew
If the appearance of white spots has become characteristic of the leaves, then, most likely, the shoots of the seedlings were struck by the so-called powdery mildew. The development of the disease is manifested in the rapid growth of white plaque over the entire surface of the seedling leaves and an increase in the area affected by the disease. The manifested white areas are characterized by a rapid growth rate and heterogeneity of the texture of the lesion.
It is possible and necessary to fight the manifestations of this type of disease, especially since a positive effect is achieved through the use of procedures such as iodine solution, fungicidal sprays and treatments, potassium permanganate solution and soda solution. It should be remembered that before the treatment procedure, all plants should be carefully examined (each separately) and all affected leaves should be removed. Careful tillage will not be superfluous, but its complete replacement is better.
Blackleg
Such a disease is quite common in Russian regions. Planting seedlings, as a rule, is carried out during the period of early spring, which is characterized by drops and a relatively low degree of temperature. This is the main factor in the development of this disease. A relatively cool climate only contributes to the more rapid development of the disease and the accelerated damage of young plants. Often the object of damage are plants of the nightshade family. But other options are not excluded.
The occurrence of the disease is explained by the appearance of the basid fungus, which acts as an active causative agent of the disease. In some cases, it manifests itself as a dirty white felt formation that affects the plant in the form of a plaque. The most affected area is the stem in part of its base.
Successful methods of struggle in relation to this fungal disease are not radical, but preventive measures taken regarding the removal of all pathogenic spores and bacteria. Even when inactive. For this purpose, replacement and disinfection of the entire soil, disinfection of planting containers, greenhouses and hotbeds is carried out. It is recommended to wash, disinfect and dry all landing boxes.
The defeat of seedlings of pepper with a white midge
Among gardeners and gardeners, such a midge is called the whitefly. It happens greenhouse, greenhouse, greenhouse and room. The whole danger of such a pest lies in its amazing resistance to any used solution, decoction, and often to reagents. chemical composition.
Due to its modest size, which is about one to one and a half millimeters, it is capable of populating literally the entire planting of young seedlings in large numbers. In a dense layer of these insect pests, it is impossible to discern individual individuals, since when viewed with the naked eye they are a continuous layer of a whitish hue, which can be erroneously identified as garden or household mold.
The best means to combat whiteflies, regardless of their variety, are chemical preparations belonging to the group of insecticides.
Tomatoes are a common crop. These fruits are grown in almost all garden plots, in greenhouses, sometimes all year round. Plants require special care and are not immune to disease. What to do if white spots appear on tomato seedlings and leaves dry?
There are several factors for the change in color in certain areas of the green mass. These can be serious pathologies that are difficult to get rid of, and improper care. Gradually, single or massive white spots are found on the leaves. They can appear both on seedlings and on a fully formed plant with fruits.
Transplant burn
A few weeks before planting tomatoes, seeds are sown in the ground. In special containers, they are provided with the most comfortable conditions with an optimal ratio of light and moisture. Sprouts are planted after they are strengthened and raised in height by at least 20-25 cm.
This is enough for the plant to take root in a new place. But open ground can be dangerous because the tender leaves will be overly exposed to the sun's rays. White blotches on seedlings after its determination in open ground most often appear with a burn.
It can spread only on the surface of the leaves or on both sides. Gradually they dry up and fall off. The intensity of ultraviolet light can be so strong that the plant does not bloom and dies.
How to prevent?
Tomato seedlings should not be immediately placed in a sunny place. It must be taught by exposing it to the window in the morning and evening time. Gradually increase the duration of exposure to light. The frames open, and the sprouts shade a little. After planting, plants can be protected from ultraviolet radiation with a film.
Cladosporiosis
A common pathology of tomatoes is often observed in greenhouse conditions in the middle of summer. Light spots in most cases are found on hybrid plants or varieties with poor resistance to various diseases. Cladosporiosis causes massive loss of leaves, photosynthesis slows down, and yields are significantly reduced.
Symptoms
Initially, spots appear on leaves located in the lower tier. Gradually, they spread throughout the plant. The spots on the underside have a light grayish coating, which later becomes brown or brown with a velvety surface.
It is he who is the focus of the spread of the pathogen. From the impact of pathology, dry leaves curl and fall off. In some cases, cladosporiosis affects flowering and small fruits.
The disease without treatment can persist for up to 10 years in a greenhouse. Spores are activated at high humidity (from 80%) and temperatures in the range of 22-25 degrees. Cladosporiosis retains high level evolution. It is able to switch to resistant tomato varieties through watering, air currents and garden tools.
How to prevent?
Tomato seedlings and adult culture can be protected from pathology. Plants are planted at an optimal distance from each other, avoiding thickening. Greenhouses and greenhouses are recommended to be aired frequently. Irrigation in the form of sprinkling is immediately stopped if primary foci are found. Old dried leaves are removed.
If the crop is grown in a greenhouse, it is necessary to purchase varieties with high resistance.
Cladosporiosis recedes if disinfection or replacement of the soil in the greenhouse is carried out.
Popular remedies for the disease are Fitosporin and Pseudobacterin. After primary processing re-spraying must be done after 20 days. If lesions reappear, it is better to purchase highly effective chemical preparations (Kuproksat, Abiga-Peak). After harvesting, all diseased plants are carefully disposed of. Plant residues are removed and the soil is dug up.
powdery mildew
The pathology of tomatoes is provoked by a marsupial fungus. Initially, a large percentage of the lower part of the leaves is affected. They show a white coating with a gray tint.
From above, the spots acquire a yellow color. Gradually, the green mass of the bush dries up and dies. The reason for the appearance of powdery mildew is the difference in air humidity. The fungus spreads well and is activated in rainy and foggy weather. If tomatoes are grown in such climatic regions, they definitely require processing.
Symptoms
Usually the infection starts on leaves that are close to the ground. After a short period, powdery mildew can be found on the entire plant. If she hit the tomatoes after flowering and fruit set, they will crack and rot.
The infection usually begins with leaves located closer to the ground and gradually spreads to the entire plant. Infection of fruits leads to their cracking and decay.
How to prevent?
Active powdery mildew does not go away on its own. Sometimes the fight against it is delayed, which leads to yield losses. It is necessary to limit the application of nitrogenous fertilizers, which, in excess, reduce the immunity of plants. Feeding with phosphorus and potassium must be increased.
To combat powdery mildew, only fungicides (Fundazim and Fundazol) are used. There are many remedies on the horticultural market to combat this fungus.
To destroy the infection during flowering, it is recommended to use biological means such as Pseudobacterin. Many gardeners turn to folk remedies using whey, which stood for two days. All affected plants are sprayed with it, making a solution of water 1: 9.
Mosaic of tomatoes
A particularly dangerous disease of this crop caused by a virus. It can develop on various varieties of tall tomatoes (indeterminate type) in greenhouses. Pathology is predominantly found in cultures of early ripeness.
Symptoms
Already in the first week after infection, the plants begin to wither. The color of the mosaic can be of various shades - pale, light, yellow or chlorophyll green.
After the introduction of the virus, the leaf blade begins to grow unevenly, in most cases the upper tier of the bush is affected. Individual strains of the virus provoke complete discoloration of large areas of leaves and fruits. Sometimes necrotic strips up to 1 cm long are found on the stems, which makes the plant brittle and brittle.
The virus persists in the soil from the diseased crop and on the surface of the seeds. Pathology is mechanically transmitted during planting, diving or harvesting.
How to prevent?
After the appearance of the mosaic virus, it makes no sense to use protective equipment. Pathology cannot be cured, and further spread to healthy tomatoes can only be prevented by methods of utilizing plant residues. Before planting seeds, they can be treated by soaking in a 1% solution of potassium permanganate.
The exposure is 20 minutes, the next step will be a thorough washing of the seeds and drying them. To prepare the treatment liquid, take 4 grams of powder (a teaspoon without top) and 600 ml of water. The soil mixture is steamed at high temperature(not lower than 96 degrees).
If any of the pathologies of tomatoes is detected, it is necessary to provide the plants with treatment. If the disease is running, you will need to clean the soil from diseased tomatoes, and then burn them outside the garden plot.