Weighted average interest rates on loans provided by credit institutions to non-financial organizations. Financial sector: report of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation for the past year. Pages - Monetary statistics
The debt crisis in Western markets led to a general increase in lending rates by Russian banks. However, if banks had the opportunity to restrain the growth of their cost for loans to individuals by tightening lending conditions and reducing additional commissions, then credit rates for corporate clients in the second half of 2007 increased by 23-25%. At the same time, the forecasts are disappointing - loans will rise in price for at least another six months.
The Bank of Russia calculated the average rate banking system on ruble credits to non-financial organizations for 11 months of 2007. According to the Central Bank, in November the cost of borrowed funds for corporate clients continued to grow. In total, since July, when banks had problems with liquidity, borrowed funds have risen in price by 1.6 percentage points, up to 10.8% (excluding Sberbank - 1.9 percentage points, up to 11.1%). The last time this rate was fixed was in April 2006.
A poll of 30 largest Russian banks conducted by Kommersant in January showed that the statistics of the Central Bank, due to the average nature of the data, only approximately reflect the real state of affairs in the corporate lending segment. Thus, the absolute values of rates on the most popular loans for up to one year in July ranged from 9-10% percent for the largest banks to 12-13% for banks with weaker opportunities to attract "long" borrowed funds. By December, according to bankers, the rates on annual loans rose to 11-15%, that is, the growth in the cost of the most popular loans amounted to 23-25%.
sustainable growth
Most banks refused to name the absolute value of post- and pre-crisis rates, citing the confidentiality of information. “Corporate lending conditions are individual, and if we name absolute figures, we will face claims from customers whose rates are higher than those mentioned,” Kommersant was told in a large federal bank. "The rates have risen so much that it's indecent to talk about it," another bank said. The most open credit institutions were Promsvyazbank, which changed the rates on annual business loans from 12-14% in July to 13-14% in December, Trust Bank, which increased the cost of loans from 12 to 14%, and the Bank of Moscow, which in July rates varied between 9 and 10%, and in December exceeded 11%. In the Khanty-Mansiysk Bank, corporate loan rates rose from 11.38% in July to 13.61% in October.
Far from everyone agreed to point out how much the rates have increased without disclosing their absolute values. Sobinbank, IBRD and Uralsib reported to Kommersant that the growth in rates amounted to 1-2 percentage points. In MDM-bank the figures were 2-3 percentage points, in URSA-bank, Mezhprombank it is 2-4 percentage points. Unicredit Bank indicates that rates have risen by at least 3-4% percentage points. Citibank, Sviaz-bank and Sberbank declined to name the scale of the changes, but nevertheless admitted to raising rates. So, in October, Alla Aleshkina, the former first deputy chairman of the board of the bank, said at a meeting with analysts that the bank had raised rates for corporate clients by an average of 20%. "In accordance with market conditions In September-October 2007, Sberbank of Russia increased the interest rates for attracting funds from legal entities, the press service of Sberbank told Kommersant. “Taking into account this, lending rates for legal entities under new agreements were also adjusted.”
Sberbank's reservation about "new contracts" is not accidental. The peculiarity of the situation is that the rates do not grow on the entire portfolio at once, but only on new contracts and automatically on loans with a floating rate, the share of which in the portfolios of many large players reaches 50%, and in some cases up to 100%. “In loans at a fixed rate, you can’t change anything much without the consent of the borrower,” explained Eugene Retyunsky, a member of the board of Unicredit Bank. And loans with a floating rate grow automatically due to the growth of base rates. So, if in July MosPrime (the base rate for ruble loans) “floated” between 4 and 5%, then in October to November it was already about 7%.
As for foreign currency loans, experts note that the rates on loans in euros have changed the least. Thus, according to Nomos-Bank, from July 2007 to January 2008 the rates on such loans increased by an average of 0.26 percentage points (from 9.39 to 9.65%). The increase in rates on dollar loans over the same period in the bank amounted to 0.32 percentage points (from 10.98 to 11.30%). Most of all (by 0.9 percentage points) ruble loans rose in price (from 11.05 to 11.95%), which reduced interest in them from borrowing companies. This trend is also confirmed by other banks. “Clients began to take loans in euros, and for longer periods,” says Alexei Drobot, head of the corporate investment unit at MDM Bank. “The loan portfolio in euros has increased several times over this period.”
Raising game
The reason for the increase in rates is the deterioration of the global financial market affecting the domestic Russian market and accompanied by a reduction in banking liquidity. “As a result of the international liquidity crisis, the spread on Russian obligations increased, which led to an increase in ruble and foreign exchange rates in the money market,” says Alexey Drobot. This led to an increased demand of corporate clients for credit products and, as a result, to their additional appreciation. “There was a sharp decrease in the money supply on the market, which allowed banks to more easily negotiate terms on a scarce market,” says Yevgeny Retyunsky.
Those banks whose business was less dependent on borrowed funds from abroad were in a better position and took the opportunity to increase their customer base while maintaining rates. “Since our liabilities were largely formed at the expense of Russian enterprises and depositors, the lending rate offered to legal entities on ruble loans for up to one year has even slightly decreased since July of this year,” said Rinat Shabakaev from Binbank. Absolut Bank did not change its rates either, taking advantage of the opportunity to increase its client base. “As of October 1, we have exceeded the annual plan for the growth of the corporate loan portfolio,” said Anatoly Maksakov, Deputy Chairman of the Board of Absolut Bank. According to him, this happened, among other things, at the expense of new clients who came from other credit institutions, where they were denied the prolongation of the old or the issuance of a new loan.
Despite the fact that banks do not officially confirm the increase in loan refusals, they readily talk about the fact that they have noticed this trend in other credit organizations. “The number of clients wishing to receive a loan increased due to the fact that many banks refused to issue loans due to liquidity problems,” said Olga Oleinik, Deputy Chairman of the Management Board of Svyaz-Bank. According to Sergei Mogilnitsky, Director of the Department for Structuring Credit Transactions at Promsvyazbank, such clients make up 40% of new borrowers. At the same time, many of them come to the bank for full service (cash settlement, payroll projects, cash collection, etc.). True, the first vice-president of Nomos-bank Irina Gordeeva notes that this may be due not so much to the desire of the client as to the requirement of the bank. “Today, the condition for lending is not only credit risk and an acceptable interest rate, but also the prospects for larger-scale cooperation,” says Ms. Gordeeva.
But experts believe that the crisis in the global financial markets will soon affect those banks that do not depend on foreign funding. “The speed of the response of Russian banks to the problems of world markets depends on the volume of foreign borrowings in liabilities and the timing of their attraction,” Rinat Shabakaev admits. “Banks with a high share of non-resident funds in liabilities were forced to quickly respond to the increase in the cost of attracted resources. But the other part of the banks also cannot keep rates on the same level, although it does not increase them as quickly. The shortage of funds on the international market cannot be made up for by the internal resources of the Russian banking system, so the clients of all banks will suffer to one degree or another. Moreover, they will not be able to immediately abandon the usual level of consumption, stimulating further growth in rates. “Citizens and organizations in the conditions economic growth prefer to spend (borrow) money rather than accumulate (place in banks),” says Andrey Ryabtsev, Head of the Department of Sales and Comprehensive Services for Corporate Clients of Uralsib Bank. And this, in turn, led to an increase in inflation, which further spurred rates. “There are banks that seek to gain market share at any cost,” Igor Kim, chairman of the board of directors of URSA-bank, said yesterday at the Rossiya forum. “However, with inflation of 12%, it makes no sense to issue loans with a lower yield.”
With no hope of decline
Not a single banker polled by Kommersant is expecting an early end to the crisis and a return of rates to pre-crisis levels. Vice-President of the Bank of Moscow Vladimir Fedorov predicts that the normalization of the situation may take from six months to several years. "Return of rates to the previous values is probable no earlier than the second half of 2008, given favorable conditions in the Russian and international financial markets," agrees Andrey Sergienko, director of the IBRD Corporate Clients Department.
According to Andrey Ryabtsev, Head of the Department of Sales and Comprehensive Services for Corporate Clients of Uralsib Bank, the consequences of several waves of the crisis remain unclear: "there is no understanding of the actual losses of financial institutions." Therefore, it is not necessary to expect an early reduction in rates. Bankers are also pleased that the Bank of Russia makes it possible to cover cash gaps through repo transactions. Only large state-owned banks can count on "long" money, on whose deposits the funds of development institutions will be placed. However, as Vladimir Shmakov, vice-president of the Khanty-Mansiysk Bank, noted, even here it is not clear how much this will help smooth the situation. “First, we need to understand at what rates domestic funding will take place and how reliable and stable it will be,” he said.
Of the measures that banks can take in the current situation of uncertainty, market participants call a gradual transition to loans with floating rates. Chairman of the Board of Directors of URSA-bank Igor Kim sees prospects in offering customers more complex products. “We will develop the so-called mezzanine transactions - lending with simultaneous entry into the borrower's capital,” said Mr. Kim. “With such a scheme, the risk that we took on ourselves, we receive as a bonus after the package is sold, having capitalized the enterprise.”
Svetlana DEMENTIEVA, Anna DOROFEEVA
Nominal interest rates on non-financial loans
to organizations and individuals in rubles (% per annum)
In June 2012, by decision of the Board of Directors of the Bank of Russia, interest rates on "currency swap" transactions were reduced (to 6.5% for the ruble part of transactions and to 0% for the currency part of transactions). The revision of interest rates on "currency swap" transactions helped to maintain money market rates during periods of increased market tension within the interest rate corridor of the Bank of Russia.
Changes in the state of liquidity in the banking sector had a significant impact on the dynamics of short-term money market interest rates. Accumulation at the end of 2011 of a significant amount of funds on correspondent and deposit accounts of credit institutions (due to seasonal growth in budget expenditures in December), as well as an increase by the end of the year in debt of credit institutions on medium-term refinancing operations, led in January-February 2012 to a noticeable increase in the liquidity. As a result, during the specified period, short-term interbank market rates were close to the fixed rate on deposit operations of the Bank of Russia, which forms the lower limit of the interest rate corridor.
In the context of the subsequent decline in the liquidity level of the banking sector (mainly due to the absorption Money through the budget channel) by the end of March, there was an increase in the demand of credit institutions for refinancing and an increase in money market rates to levels close to the minimum rate for short-term auctions of the Bank of Russia to provide funds to credit institutions. Thus, the average MIACR rate on overnight interbank loans in rubles amounted to 5.3% per annum in April (4.4% in February 2012).
In May - June, the average level of short-term interest rates in the money market was 5.8% per annum. The increase in rates was caused by the continued withdrawal of funds from the banking sector as a result of the action of autonomous factors in the formation of liquidity, as well as the growing tension in external financial markets. At the same time, in the context of the continued segmentation of the Russian interbank market and the uneven distribution of collateral among its participants, banks in some cases stepped up the use of short-term refinancing operations at fixed rates, which determine the upper limit of the interest rate corridor of the Bank of Russia.
In July and August 2012, as the situation on the financial markets stabilized and more active use was made of Bank of Russia refinancing operations for a period of 1 week, the average one-day MIACR rate decreased to 5.6% and 5.3% per annum, respectively. After the decision of the Bank of Russia to raise rates, the average level of money market rates increased and in September amounted to 5.5% per annum.
In 2012, the situation on Russian market interbank loans (IBK) remained steady. The average monthly spread between the rate on loans to banks with a speculative credit rating MIACR-B and the rate on loans to banks with a high credit rating MIACR-IG on overnight ruble interbank loans in January-September 2012 did not exceed 45 basis points. The share of overdue debt on ruble-denominated interbank loans placed with resident credit institutions in January-September 2012 was no more than 0.5%.
During 2012, interest rates on loans to non-financial organizations fluctuated around the level prevailing by the end of 2011. In September 2012, the weighted average interest rate on ruble loans to non-financial organizations for a period of up to 1 year was 8.9% per annum, for a period of more than 1 year - 10.7% per annum. Long-term loans to individuals during 2012 were dominated by an upward trend in interest rates, while short-term loans saw rates slightly decrease. The weighted average interest rates on ruble loans to individuals for a period of up to 1 year and for a period of more than 1 year in September 2012 amounted to 24.7% and 19.6% per annum, respectively.
In I-III quarters of 2012 non-price terms of bank lending for the main categories of borrowers changed in different ways. In the retail lending segment, banks increased the maximum term and amount of loans. There was also some easing of requirements for the financial position of the borrower and collateral for the loan. In the segment of lending to non-financial organizations, banks pursued a more cautious policy, tightening the requirements for the financial position of borrowers - legal entities, especially large corporate borrowers. The maximum term and amount of credit almost did not increase, and in some periods they decreased.
You need to find out the average fee for short-term loans to replenish working capital for the period from August 08/03/2016 to 06/02/2017. (required to reduce the contractual penalty).
Answer
Related materials:
The rationale for this position is given below in the materials of "Systems Lawyer" .
“Question 13. When can the court reduce the penalty and how can the creditor object to this
“In order for the penalty to be recovered in excess of the losses, this must be directly indicated in the contract”
When the debtor is an entrepreneur, the court can reduce the penalty only if the defendant declares this (clause 1 of the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation of December 22, 2011 No. 81 (hereinafter referred to as Resolution No. 81), the determination of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of June 23, 2015 No. 78-KG15- eleven).
When the debtor is not an entrepreneur, the court has the right to reduce the penalty even without the debtor's application. Such rules are effective from the moment the amendments to part one of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation come into force on June 1, 2015. *
The basis for reducing the penalty in relation to the debtor-entrepreneur may be not only disproportionate to the consequences of the violation, but also evidence that the creditor can receive unreasonable tax benefits when collecting a penalty in the amount provided for by the agreement (clause 2, article 333 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).
A creditor who does not agree with the debtor's application to reduce the penalty may present arguments about its proportionality, as well as evidence of the consequences of such violations for him. You can draw the attention of the court to the average market indicators - changes in interest rates on loans or prices for certain types of goods in the relevant period, fluctuations in exchange rates, etc. This follows from the explanations of the Plenum of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation (clause 1 of Resolution No. 81).”
- Article.
- Article.
Speaking about the criteria for reduction, one should not forget paragraph 2 of the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation dated December 22, 2011 No. 81 “On Some Issues of Application of Article 333 of the Civil Code Russian Federation”(hereinafter referred to as the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Arbitration Court No. 81), which is also valid after the adoption of the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court No. 7. Therefore, the explanations set forth in it are relevant.
The reference points specified in Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Arbitration Court No. 81 in the form of a double discount rate of the Bank of Russia, as well as the average fee for short-term loans for replenishment of working capital, are the most common and are often used by the courts. Interest has always been represented by par. 3 paragraph 2 of the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Arbitration Court No. 81, which states that the reduction of the penalty below the single discount rate of the Bank of Russia on the basis of the relevant application of the defendant is allowed only in extraordinary cases.*
The percentage of cases in which the courts applied an exceptional measure - a decrease "below the bottom" - in the total mass of positive judicial practice to reduce the penalty is small. As an example of the existence of an extraordinary circumstance, one can cite the defendant's argument in a specific case that the collection of a penalty in the amount claimed will lead to a disruption in the activities of a city-forming enterprise. In this case, the government contract provided for a penalty of 1/300 of the refinancing rate, which in itself is less than the single refinancing rate. However, the court considered that the defendant proved the existence of an extraordinary case, and reduced the penalty from 45.9 million to 5 million rubles. (decision of the Arbitration Court of Moscow dated September 7, 2016 in case No. A40-125333 / 16-14-1093).
Mainly in judicial practice a reduction below the single refinancing rate is applied in the presence of the circumstances specified in Art. 404 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation (decrees of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the North-Western District of 06/30/2014 in case No. A56-36259 / 2013, the Arbitration Court of the West Siberian District of 05.27.2015 in case No. A45-16912 / 2014, 9AAS of 15.06.2015 in case No. A40 -161345/14).
Thus, adding to Art. 333 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, paragraph 2, the legislator, obviously, pursued the goal of introducing a restriction on the discretion of courts that reduced the penalty established by the contract for no apparent reason. Despite the reduction in the total number of judicial acts in which the size of the contractual penalty is reduced, the assertion that the goal of reducing arbitrary decision-making on such a reduction has been achieved will be premature, since the essence of the criteria used has remained fundamentally the same. In order to avoid arbitrary reduction of the penalty, the law or subsequent explanations of the higher courts must fix unambiguous grounds for the reduction, which are not subject to ambiguous interpretation.
The tables provide data on the weighted average interest rates and the structure of loans in rubles, US dollars and euros provided by credit institutions (not including the State Development Corporation VEB.RF) and non-bank credit institutions engaged in deposit and credit operations (hereinafter referred to as credit institutions) , individuals and non-financial organizations (excluding individual entrepreneurs) both residents and non-residents. The information in the tables is presented by types of borrowers in the context of the terms for which loans were provided in the reporting month.
The share of loans (in percent) granted in the reporting month to individuals (including car loans) / non-financial organizations (including small and medium-sized businesses) is calculated as the ratio of the volume of loans provided by credit organizations to individuals / non-financial organizations for each term to the corresponding total volume of loans granted in the reporting month.
source of information on loans to individuals is the reporting of credit institutions in the form 0409128 "Data on the weighted average interest rates on loans granted by a credit institution to individuals", according to loans to non-financial organizations - reporting of credit institutions in the form 0409303 “Information on loans granted legal entities” established by Bank of Russia Ordinance No. 4927-U dated October 8, 2018 “On the List, Forms, Procedure for Compiling and Submitting Reporting Forms of Credit Institutions to the Central Bank of the Russian Federation”.
When calculating the weighted average interest rates on loans to individuals and non-financial organizations The following credit transactions are excluded:
- interest-free operations for the placement of funds;
- operations to provide funds to affiliated persons (individuals and legal entities subject to reporting in the reporting form 0409051 "List of Affiliates"), as well as other persons whose activities are controlled by a credit institution or whose activities are significantly influenced by a credit institution, and (or) persons that control or have a significant influence on the activities of a credit institution (in accordance with the criteria established by Article 64.1 federal law“On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia)”). At the same time, the status of the borrower is determined as of the date of conclusion of the loan agreement (the last supplementary agreement);
- loans granted at a floating interest rate that varies depending on external price indicators (the key rate of the Bank of Russia, LIBOR, stock indices, index consumer prices and other indicators).
loans to individuals Also excluded are loans granted at non-market interest rates (rates above the maximum or below the minimum threshold), identified by the filtering procedure:
threshold level | Interest rate values | ||
---|---|---|---|
in rubles | in US dollars and euros | ||
Loans to individuals | max | 5 * | 3 * |
min | Key rate of the Bank of Russia as of the reporting date / 1 (for loans for up to 1 month); Key rate of the Bank of Russia as of the reporting date / 1,5 (for loans for all terms, except for the term up to 1 month). | / 4,5 | |
Auto loans | max | 4 * | 3 * the rate of the taxable base for funds in foreign currency (determined by clause 1 of article 214.2 part 2 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) |
Based on the weighted average interest rates for loans to non-financial organizations credit agreements are also excluded:
- for which the values of the interest rate and volume are simultaneously recognized as atypical when applying the Tukey method;
- concluded at non-market interest rates (rates above the maximum or below the minimum threshold level) identified by the filtering procedure:
threshold level | Interest rate values | ||
---|---|---|---|
in rubles | in US dollars and euros | ||
Loans to non-financial organizations / loans to large enterprises | max | 4 * Key rate of the Bank of Russia as of the reporting date | 2 * tax base rate for funds in foreign currency (determined by clause 1 of article 214.2 part 2 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) |
min | Key rate of the Bank of Russia as of the reporting date / 4 | tax base rate for funds in foreign currency (determined by clause 1 of article 214.2 part 2 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) / 9 | |
Loans to small and medium businesses | max | 5 * Key rate of the Bank of Russia as of the reporting date | 3 * tax base rate for funds in foreign currency (determined by clause 1 of article 214.2 part 2 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) |
min | Key rate of the Bank of Russia as of the reporting date / 5 | tax base rate for funds in foreign currency (determined by clause 1 of article 214.2 part 2 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) / 9 |
Weighted average interest rates on loans granted to individuals / non-financial organizations — weighted average interest rates on an annualized basis, calculated based on the annual interest rates established in loan agreements, and the volumes of loans extended and extended in the reporting month.
The weighted average interest rate on loans is calculated using the formula:
P1, P2, ... Pn is the nominal interest rate on nth transaction established in the contract;
V1, V2, ... Vn is the loan amount under the agreement (additional agreement) for the nth transaction.
Auto loans - loans granted for the purchase of vehicles and secured by a pledge of these vehicles.
Subjects of small and medium business determined in accordance with the Federal Law of July 24, 2007 No. 209-FZ "On the Development of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses in the Russian Federation" according to the unified register of small and medium-sized businesses of the Federal Tax Service.
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The values of indicators of weighted average interest rates and the corresponding turnovers on operations of less than three credit institutions for each placement period are not calculated.
Subsection "Information on deposits (deposits) of individuals and non-financial organizations in rubles, US dollars and euros"
The tables provide data on the weighted average interest rates and the structure of deposits (deposits) attracted by credit institutions (not including the State Development Corporation VEB.RF) and non-bank credit institutions engaged in deposit and credit operations (hereinafter referred to as credit institutions) individuals and non-financial organizations (starting from data for January 2016, excluding individual entrepreneurs) in rubles, US dollars and euros. The information in the tables is presented in the context of the terms for which the funds were attracted in the reporting month.
The share of deposits (deposits) (in percent) for each term attracted in the reporting month is calculated as the ratio of the volume of deposits (deposits) of individuals / non-financial organizations attracted by credit institutions for each term to the corresponding total volume of deposits attracted in the reporting month.
The source of information is the reporting of credit institutions in the form 0409129 “Data on the average weighted interest rates on deposits attracted by a credit institution”, established by Ordinance of the Bank of Russia dated 08.10.2018 No. 4927-U “On the list, forms, procedure for compiling and submitting reporting forms of credit institutions to the Central Bank of the Russian Federation.
When calculating the weighted average interest rates on deposits (deposits) of individuals and non-financial organizations, the following operations are excluded:
- deposits and deposits attracted at a floating interest rate, which varies depending on external price indicators (the key rate of the Bank of Russia, the LIBOR rate, stock indices, consumer price index, and so on);
- interest-free operations to raise funds;
- deposits and deposits of affiliated persons (legal entities and individuals subject to reporting in the reporting form 0409051 "List of affiliated persons"), as well as other persons whose activities are controlled by the credit institution or whose activities are significantly influenced by the credit institution, and (or) persons, which control or have a significant influence on the activities of a credit institution (in accordance with the criteria established by Article 64.1 of the Federal Law "On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia)"). In this case, the status of the depositor is determined as of the date of conclusion of the deposit (deposit) agreement;
- guarantee deposits, deposits;
- subordinated deposits;
- structural (synthetic) deposits, deposits that combine elements of a bank deposit agreement and a derivative financial instrument.
The calculation of weighted average interest rates on deposits (deposits) of individuals and non-financial organizations also excludes deposits attracted at non-market interest rates (rate values above the maximum or below the minimum threshold level) identified by the filtering procedure:
threshold level | Interest rate values | ||
---|---|---|---|
in rubles | in US dollars and euros | ||
Deposits of individuals | max | 1 * | 1 * tax base rate for funds in foreign currency (determined by clause 1 of article 214.2 part 2 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) |
2 * | 2 * tax base rate for funds in foreign currency (determined by clause 1 of article 214.2 part 2 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) | ||
min | Key rate of the Bank of Russia as of the reporting date / 3,7 | tax base rate for funds in foreign currency (determined by clause 1 of article 214.2 part 2 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) / 90 | |
Deposits of non-financial organizations | max | 1 * Key rate of the Bank of Russia as of the reporting date (on deposits for up to 1 month) | 0,3 * tax base rate for funds in foreign currency (determined by clause 1 of article 214.2 part 2 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) |
3 * The key rate of the Bank of Russia as of the reporting date (for deposits for all terms, except for a term of up to 1 month) | 0,5 * tax base rate for funds in foreign currency (determined by clause 1 of article 214.2 part 2 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) | ||
min | Key rate of the Bank of Russia as of the reporting date / 3,7 (on deposits for all terms, except for the term up to 1 month) | tax base rate for funds in foreign currency (determined by clause 1 of article 214.2 part 2 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) / 90 |
Weighted average interest rates on deposits (deposits) of individuals / non-financial organizations — weighted average interest rates on an annualized basis, calculated on the basis of annual interest rates established in deposit agreements (deposit agreements) and the volumes of attracted and prolonged deposits (deposits) in the reporting month.
The weighted average interest rate on deposits (deposits) is calculated by the formula:
Pav = (V1 x P1 + V2 x P2 + ... + Vn x Pn) : (V1 + V2 + ... + Vn),
V1, V2, ... Vn is the amount of the deposit (deposit), under the agreement (additional agreement) for the n-th transaction;
P1, P2, ... Pn is the nominal interest rate for the nth transaction, set in the contract.
Scroll 30 largest banks of the Russian Federation published in the Bulletin of the Bank of Russia, electronic version which is posted on the official website of the Bank of Russia.
The values of indicators of weighted average interest rates and the corresponding turnovers on operations of less than three credit institutions for each term of attraction are not calculated.
Until 2019, the source of information on loans granted to individuals and non-financial organizations. was the reporting of credit institutions (with the exception of the state corporation "Bank for Development and Foreign Economic Affairs (Vnesheconombank)" and non-bank credit institutions) in the form 0409128 "Data on the weighted average interest rates on loans provided by a credit institution". Starting from the reporting for January 2019, non-bank credit institutions engaged in deposit and credit operations submit reports in accordance with Form 0409128.
Having somehow returned to the office from one of the court hearings, in which the judge, by her decision, managed to “cut” my penalty at 9 in a consumer dispute !! (“In 9!!!, Karl!”) times, I immediately began to look for arguments to appeal against such an application of Art. 333 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Is there any defense against such actions of the judge? Does it make sense to appeal this decision?
And here's what I had to face.
Plenum of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in Resolution No. 17 “On the application by the courts of certain provisions of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation on liability for breach of obligations” stated: “Evidence of the validity of the amount of the penalty can serve, in particular, data on the average fee for short-term loans to replenish working capital issued by credit institutions to persons engaged in entrepreneurial activity, or payments on short-term loans issued to individuals, at the location of the creditor during the period of breach of the obligation, as well as inflation rates for the corresponding period.
After re-reading this paragraph several times, I did not understand how to apply this construction. How to prevent the reduction of penalties, based on this rule? And how to explain these innovations to the court? Where can I find average size data?
Practically any person, having seen these formulations, will simply close this Decree and return to the standard appeal arguments. But it was not there. I propose to work it out together.
Option "A". "The average fee for short-term loans for working capital replenishment issued by credit institutions to persons engaged in entrepreneurial activities."
Option "B". "The average fee for short-term loans issued to individuals at the location of the creditor during the period of default."
First of all, we simplify these constructions. In the first case, we are talking about lending to legal entities, in the second - to individuals, i.e. consumer lending.
The average fee for short-term loans refers to the interest rate on the respective loans.
Where can I get this bet? Many experts suggest using the “Weighted Average Interest Rates on Ruble Loans Extended by Credit Institutions to Individuals” and “Weighted Average Interest Rates on Ruble Loans Extended by Credit Institutions to Non-Financial Institutions” for small and medium-sized businesses as a guideline for calculating the maximum forfeit. Such information is posted on the website of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation in the "Statistical Bulletin of the Bank of Russia" - clause 4.3.2. and clause 4.3.5.
It seems to me that this position is untenable. The Bank of Russia publishes information for Russia as a whole, but we need to take into account the “location of the creditor during the period of breach of obligation”, i.e. specific subject of the Russian Federation.
Explanations, or rather recommendations, on this issue was able to give Scientific Advisory Board at Arbitration Court Chelyabinsk region (adopted at the meeting on May 24, 2013). According to these recommendations, as evidence of the proportionality of the penalty, it is necessary to provide at least three certificates from credit organizations that provide loans to small and medium-sized businesses in the place where the debtor operates.
Thus, with a request for a certificate, you can contact any bank. As a guide, you can use the list of the hundred largest creditors (banks), of course, you should start from the first positions of the list.
The following question arises: “And how much is a short-term loan?”. And there is no single answer to this question. For example, the same PJSC "Sberbank of Russia" considers such a loan for a period of 12 months. and credit for a period of 48 months. PJSC "Bank VTB" indicates the provision of funds for a period of up to 1 year as short-term loans. In theory, short-term loans are considered loans issued for a period of not more than a year. However, more specific information can be obtained from the relevant bank branch.
Option "B". "Data on inflation rates for the relevant period". Inflation data is published on the Rosstat website. For example, the inflation rate in Russia in 2015 amounted to 12.91%. To calculate for a specific period, you can use inflation calculators.
After we figured out the interest rate, the entertaining math begins. It is necessary to calculate the amount of the penalty using one of the rate options and compare the resulting figure with the figure obtained in the usual calculation. If the second value does not exceed the first, then the penalty declared in the claim is subject to collection in full.
The procedure is certainly complex. And it is obvious that it is extremely difficult to apply the rules in this form. However, the end justifies the means.
zakon.ru
Average bank interest rates on individual deposits. persons in rubles for the application of Article 395 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation
Print Calculator according to Article 395 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation federal district: All Central Northwestern Southern North Caucasian Volga Ural Siberian Far Eastern Crimean
Information of the Bank of Russia
Information on average bank interest rates on deposits of individuals for the purposes of applying Art. 395 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation (for federal districts)
ruble, % per annumfrom 01.08.2016 the key rate of the Bank of Russia is indicated | |||||||||
federal district Application start date |
Central | Northwestern | Southern | North Caucasian | Volga | Ural | Siberian | Far Eastern | Crimean |
US dollar, % per annum | |||||||||
federal district Application start date |
Central | Northwestern | Southern | North Caucasian | Volga | Ural | Siberian | Far Eastern | Crimean |
euro, % per annum | |||||||||
federal district Application start date |
Central | Northwestern | Southern | North Caucasian | Volga | Ural | Siberian | Far Eastern | Crimean |
Source: official website of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation |
Information of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on average bank interest rates on deposits of individuals in rubles, in US dollars and in euros is posted here for the purposes of applying Art. 395 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation for the following federal districts: Central, Northwestern, Southern, North Caucasian, Volga, Urals, Siberian, Far Eastern.
Average bank interest rate on deposits of individuals in the Central Federal District in rubles, in US dollars, in euros - Average bank interest rate on deposits of individuals in the North-Western Federal District in rubles, in US dollars, in euros - Average bank interest rate on deposits of individuals in the Southern Federal District in rubles, in US dollars, in euros - The average bank interest rate on deposits of individuals in the North Caucasus Federal District in rubles, in US dollars, in euros - The average bank interest rate on deposits of individuals in the Volga Federal District in rubles, in US dollars, in euros - The average bank interest rate on deposits of individuals in the Urals Federal District in rubles, in US dollars, in euros - The average bank interest rate on deposits of individuals in the Siberian Federal District in rubles , in US dollars, in euros - Average bank interest rate on deposits of individuals in the Far Eastern Federal District in rubles, in US dollars, in euros - The average bank interest rate on deposits of individuals in the Crimean Federal District in rubles, in US dollars, in euros
See also: Online calculator for calculating interest under the new rules of art. 395 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation Article 395 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation
395gk.ru
What is the weighted average interest rate on loans?
Loan portfolios of individual commercial financial institutions, as well as the overall loan portfolio of the Russian financial system, always consist of a certain number of loan agreements various types. These can be long-term or short-term loans, current loans, investment loans, and others.
Interest rates on different loan products can also vary markedly. To obtain accurate information about the real value of the loan portfolio of one credit institution or all commercial banks in Russia, financiers began to use the concept of the weighted average interest rate.
What is the financial term weighted average interest rate?
The financial term "weighted average interest rate" can be interpreted in several different ways:
- At the level of one credit institution, any commercial bank in Russia, the weighted average interest rate on loans issued or received can be called the weighted average cost of all loans issued or taken by a particular company. This indicator may be required by the management of a financial institution to analyze its activities;
- At the level of the banking system, the financial market of the Russian Federation weighted average rate for loans - this is an indicator of the value of loans issued and received by all commercial banks in the country. This indicator is most interesting to the Central Bank of Russia as a criterion for evaluating the promotion of a unified monetary policy in the state, an indicator of the success of banking activities in the whole country.
Why do financiers calculate the weighted average interest rate on loans?
As a rule, commercial financial organizations in our country are constantly trying to regulate their own liquidity, regularly attracting additional resources from outside or placing surplus available resources outside the bank. At the same time, the resources of commercial banks can be called:
- Them start-up capital;
- Real cash balances on bank accounts of the settlement or current type, owned by individuals and / or legal entities;
- Deposit agreements of various organizations;
- Bank deposits of the population;
- Interbank and other loans.
When a commercial financial institution is excessively liquid, it may well be interested in issuing interbank loans to other less liquid structures. However, given the lack of liquidity, commercial banks, on the contrary, are ready to actively attract resources in the interbank credit market.
The cost of various interbank loans (their interest rates) are directly dependent on the balance of supply and demand for money in the market. In turn, interest rates on interbank lending operations can affect the cost of loans for private clients, as well as the profitability of specific financial institutions.
That is why the Central Bank of Russia regularly tries to monitor and regulate the volume of credit transactions in the interbank credit market, as well as adjust interest rates on interbank loans.
By regularly calculating the weighted average interest rate relating to interbank lending operations, the Central Bank of Russia gets an excellent opportunity to adequately respond in a timely manner to any changes in liquidity in the country's banking system, as well as to the cost of public resources.
How is the weighted average interest rate determined?
A standard formula is used to calculate the weighted average interest rate on loans. Calculations are usually carried out on the balances of debts for each financial institution.
The formula for calculating the weighted average interest rate on loans may look like this:
ATP=(∑(Loan balances*interest rates on loans))/(∑(total loan debt)
The Central Bank constantly carefully monitors any changes in the indicator of the weighted average interest rate on loans in order to have the most important information that allows estimating the value of the total loan portfolio of the country's banking system.
It is important to understand that the indicator of the weighted average interest rate on loans describes the cost of absolutely all credit resources in the state. It is this indicator that can be used as the main criterion for the effectiveness of the entire financial system of the country.
www.zapsibkombank.ru
| monthly | |
Official exchange rates of the national currencies of the EAEU member states in relation to the Russian ruble, US dollar and euro. For Belarus - additional weighted average rates for the period. | ||
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At the end of the period | Q1 2011-Q1 2017 | 2005-2016 |
Quarterly and yearly averages | Q1 2011-Q1 2017 | 2005-2016 |
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Average per month | M1 2008-M5 2017 | |
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Index of the real effective exchange rate of the national currency | Q1 2011-Q1 2017 | 2010-2016 |
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Monetary aggregates and monetary base | Q1 2009-Q1 2017 | - |
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Monetary aggregates М0 and М2 | Q1 2011-Q1 2017 | 2005-2016 |
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Rates of national (central) banks | Q1 2010-Q1 2017 | 2005-2016 |
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Weighted average interest rates on loans issued to individuals and legal entities in national currency |
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- in national currency | Q1 2010-Q4 2016 | |
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- in foreign currency | Q1 2010-Q4 2016 | |
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Weighted average interest rates on housing loans | Q1 2010-Q4 2016 | |
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Indebtedness on loans granted to individuals | ||
- by type of currency | Q1 2010-Q4 2016 | 2010-2016 |
- for housing loans | Q1 2010-Q4 2016 | 2010-2016 |
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Volume of loans granted to individuals | ||
- by type of currency | Q1 2010 - Q4 2016 | 2010-2016 |
- for housing loans | Q1 2010-Q4 2016 | 2010-2016 |
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Debt on loans granted to legal entities | ||
- by type of currency | Q1 2010-Q4 2016 | 2010-2016 |
Q1 2010-Q4 2016 | 2010-2016 | |
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Volume of loans provided to legal entities | ||
- by type of currency | Q1 2010-Q4 2016 | 2010-2016 |
- by type of economic activity | Q1 2010-Q4 2016 | 2010-2016 |
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Overdue debt on loans granted to legal entities | | |
- by type of currency | Q1 2010-Q4 2016 | 2010-2016 |
- by type of economic activity | Q1 2010-Q4 2016 | 2010-2016 |
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Debt on loans provided to small and medium-sized businesses | Q1 2010-Q4 2016 | 2010-2016 |
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The volume of loans provided to small and medium-sized businesses | Q1 2010-Q4 2016 | 2010-2016 |
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Deposits of individuals | Q1 2010-Q4 2016 | 2010-2016 |
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www.eurasiancommission.org
How to determine the average interest rate 🚩 weighted average interest rate is 🚩 Loan products
There are several types of interest rates. Depending on the term, one can single out the annual interest rate, monthly, quarterly. Most often it is said about the rate for the year or the percentage per annum. Other indicators are used extremely rarely, most often in order to hide the real annual interest rate on the loan.
Depending on the property of the interest rate to change over time, fixed and floating rates are distinguished. The fixed rate is prescribed in the contract, it is stable and does not change under the influence of any external factors. Neither side can revise it.
Unlike its counterpart, the floating rate may be reviewed periodically based on fluctuations in any indicators. For example, some banks increase deposit rates when a certain amount is reached in the account. Another example is metal deposits. In this case, money is invested in precious metals, and the return on the deposit depends on changes in prices for them in world markets.
Depending on the time of payment of interest on a loan, there are decursive and antisipative rates. The latter is paid at the time the loan is issued, i.e. is advanced by the borrower, practically never occurs in practice.
There are also nominal and real interest rates. The real interest rate, unlike the nominal one, does not include inflation.
From the standpoint of the banking market participants, there are accounting interest (refinancing rate), bank interest (credit and deposit rates), as well as the interbank interest rate.
The refinancing rate is the most important economic indicator, which reflects the percentage at which the Central Bank lends to banks. With its help, the Central Bank regulates the volume of money supply, the rate of inflation, the balance of payments, and the exchange rate in the country.
Bank interest is the most common form of loan interest in Russia. The loan interest is formed on the basis of the base rate, the premium for the risk of default and the credit assessment fee.
Deposit rates are always lower than credit rates by a few percentage points. The difference between them is called "interest margin", it forms the bank's profit.
The interbank interest rate operates in the interbank lending market. They are quite volatile and dependent on market conditions.
The refinancing rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation in Russia is 8.25%. It is on it that the rates of banks on loans and deposits depend. Banks, as a rule, attract deposits at a rate slightly below the refinancing rate, and loans at an interest rate exceeding it.
During 2013, the average deposit rate steadily decreased. According to the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, in December 2013 it amounted to 6.2% per annum (for up to a year, excluding demand rates), having decreased by almost 1% by the beginning of the year.
The average annual rate on loans is much higher. At the end of 2013, it was 23.5%.
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