Projects of houses with hipped roofs. One-story houses with hipped roofs. What material to choose for rafters and roofing
In ancient times, our ancestors built their dwellings in the form of tents. Natural materials were used for this: wood, stone, animal skins, etc. The modern hipped house is a more fundamental structure. It has several varieties and is endowed with certain technical properties.
Ready-made project of a house with a hipped roof
They can be of two types:
- Full-fledged, constructed in the form of a tent;
- Incomplete, when erected as an ordinary building, in which the roof structure is hipped.
Houses will differ in construction technologies and materials used in the process of work.
Characteristics of full-fledged tent houses
Such buildings have Quite often they can be found on summer cottages. The construction is economical, and the assembly of the structure itself is quite simple.
So, the hipped house is based on the frame. The projects are quite varied. You can create them yourself or seek the help of a professional architect.
Projects of hipped houses are drawn up in the same way as planning a roof structure of this type.
Only the load-bearing walls of the house, which will be used as slopes, are not taken into account.
Variant of the project of a house with a hipped roof
Their shape can be with one or two slopes, with four, as well as multi-slope.
That is, in fact, a hipped house is a roof that is immediately installed on a prepared base.
The most interesting are the projects of houses with multi-pitched walls. The number of such slopes can be any.
Only now it is worth considering that the functionality of such a house may decrease, as there will be a rather large amount of limited space due to the construction of additional supporting elements of the frame.
The most functional and practical are houses with one, two and four slopes. Distributing space in them is much easier.
Note. It is worth considering that the height of such a house can be any. But it is necessary to make it in such a way that the ceilings inside the house reach at least 2.4-2.5 m. In this case, the walls will be sloping.
Although you can make them even and, accordingly, slightly reduce the usable area of \u200b\u200bthe house.
Diagram of a hipped roof device
There are several ways to operate a building. Firstly, you can use the tent house only in the summer. In this case, a large amount of money is not spent on its construction. Secondly, you can live in it all year round, which involves high-quality insulation and insulation work. Especially if the houses with a hipped roof are built from the usual building materials.
How to build a hipped house
First, you need to select building projects, which are divided into a foundation plan and a structure wall. Secondly, you need to initially decide on the choice of building materials. It is from them that the value of the future home will depend.
So, as soon as there is already exact certainty with all this, you can start work, which is divided into several stages:
All these stages have their own characteristics.
Selection and construction of the foundation
To build a quality tent house, you need to choose the right foundation for it. The following foundations are very popular:
Foundation designs are drawn up in advance, after the choice of building materials. For example, if metal is preferred for the construction of a frame, then it is better to make a monolithic or pile foundation for such a house. They are considered the most durable.
The first type is characterized by the manufacture using concrete mortar and reinforcement. And the second is made using metal piles, which are also concreted in the ground at a certain depth.
Tape and tile bases are constructed in most cases under the wooden frame of a tent house, since the material itself does not have a large mass.
- Determine the composition of the soil on the site;
- Establish the level of groundwater occurrence;
- Define specifications terrain.
The last requirement is characterized by a study of the terrain: are there any irregularities, slopes and other defects on the site. On such planes, only a pile or pile-tape foundation is preferred.
Building a frame for a building
As mentioned above, a full-fledged tent house is based on a frame. It is constructed from two materials: metal and wood.
Detailed project of a two-story house
Note. You can give preference to special profiles. But this is the case if the structure is light, and the period of its operation is limited to the warm season.
First you need to draw up design projects. They will allow you to correctly calculate the amount of necessary materials for the construction of the frame.
The elements are as follows:
- Bearing (supporting);
- Additional (supporting);
- Auxiliary (partitions between small cells).
By its principle, the design resembles the frame of a hipped roof. All elements are connected with special fasteners, and a litter of sheets of roofing material is preliminarily built on the foundation.
Important. On the surface of the base there should be pins and hooks that serve to fix the frame on it.
It is to them that the supporting beams of the frame are welded or screwed.
External and internal finishing of the frame
First, the hipped house must be properly lined. Secondly, do not forget about insulation and insulation work. When they are carried out, such modern sheet materials as polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam and foam plastic are used.
In rare cases, preference is given to mineral wool.
Important. This material is the least often used in the insulation of tent-type houses. This is due to the fact that it eventually loses its properties and is able to absorb moisture.
Projects for facing hipped houses are quite diverse. To date, there are a lot of tools and materials to give the appearance of the building a uniqueness.
Initially, sheets of OSB or thick plywood are mounted on the surface of the frame. Already they are attached to insulating or insulating material.
Cladding scheme frame house with hipped roof
A low crate is created on top of it, on which sheets of plywood or OSB are again mounted, prepared with primers. In the future, this will make it possible to choose any finishing materials for facing the building.
Very popular now are:
- Wood;
- Decorative facing panels;
- Plaster;
- Plastic lining;
- Natural and artificial stone.
The latter material has a large mass and it is not recommended to mount it without strengthening the surface. It is best to use stone for finishing the lower part of houses.
The inside of a home may look different. For example, you can leave the walls of the building inclined or build a profile frame that aligns them. It is fixed on the slope of the structure and on the floor surface. From above it is already possible to mount OSB, drywall, plywood.
An example of a frame house interior
The surface of these materials is primed and finished with any modern materials. You can also pre-insulate and warm the house using similar means from the outside.
The tent house is a fairly simple structure. It must be airtight, since there is no roof in such a structure.
Introducing new project from our architectural bureau - a project of a two-story house with a four-pitched hip roof and a garage in DNP Oboldino-1, Moscow Region. Working with the customer, we proposed to locate a two-story house in the corner area of the site. Such a location has several undoubted advantages, one of them is a large free place on a site where you can place, for example,. Another advantage is that in front of the garage there is an additional area for parking two cars.
The project of a 2-storey house with a garage is a practical solution.
Let's walk around the house. On the ground floor there is a large kitchen-dining room combined with a living room, a guest room, a dressing room, a convenient pantry, a boiler room, a bathroom, as well as a cozy terrace with a barbecue. The layout of the kitchen-dining-living room area is open, which is undoubtedly an advantage.
We can buy finished project hipped roof houses
During the design process, the customer explained that he himself is a big fan of spending time at the stove in the kitchen, preparing culinary dishes for his family. Therefore, almost in the center of the kitchen-dining room there is an island with a stove and a working area for preparing delicious treats for all participants in the subsequent meal.
The dining table is placed closer to the windows. The space around the table is illuminated on a fine day by the bright sun from three huge windows on two sides of the world. After a hearty meal, you can continue a leisurely conversation in the adjacent living room. On the second floor are the parents' bedroom, two children's rooms, two dressing rooms and two bathrooms. Everything is done for a calm and serene rest of the whole family after an eventful day.
Advantages of a house project with a hip roof
The main advantage of this project is a garage for one car combined with the house and a terrace with a barbecue area. These buildings surround a two-story house, merging with it in a single architectural style. The roof of the terrace and garage is visually a continuation of the hip roof of the house.
For the house of our customer, it was a hip or hipped four-pitched roof that had unique advantages, including the one that withstands wind loads better than all types of roofs. The angle of inclination and the height of the roof were chosen based on calculations of wind and snow loads in the area.
The absence of gables and large overhangs make the facade of the house harmonious, close to the "golden section", i.e., almost ideal proportions of the whole house. In addition, such overhangs to a greater extent protect the facades of the house from all sides from atmospheric precipitation.
House plans with garage and terrace
1st floor
2nd floor
Project of a house with a garage and a terrace: how to combine zones?
Entrance to the terrace and garage is possible both from the house and from the street. It is very convenient when in bad weather you can drive into the garage and go into the house with heavy bags without getting your clothes wet.
When buying a standard project, linking a house is Free!
Between the garage and the terrace fit a bathroom and a boiler room. The chimney from the boiler room and the barbecue stove is single and combined with supply and exhaust ventilation which also saves space in the house.
A terrace with a barbecue is a place for communication and entertainment of a large friendly company. On the terrace there is a small kitchenette with a sink and a working area where you can cook excellent meals without entering the house and without disturbing the household with your presence. Although the terrace is open, it will always be warm on it, even in winter, when you are surrounded by close friends, like-minded people at a luxurious table. The warmth comes not only from the barbecue stove located on the terrace, but also from a friendly conversation with faithful comrades.
The material of the walls of the house is large-format brick. The project of the house is designed in such a way that during the construction it is not necessary to cut any of them, which increases the speed of construction, while simplifying it.
Advantages of large format bricks:
- speed of building a box house
- excellent thermal insulation
- excellent sound insulation
- environmental friendliness of the material
- incombustibility of brick
Photo of a project of a two-story house with a garage and a hipped roof
A hip roof is a type of four-slope truss roof, in which two end slopes are triangular in shape and go from the ridge to the eaves, and the other two are trapezoidal. It is the triangular slopes that are the main distinguishing feature of the hip roofs. On the upper floors of such houses, so-called dormer windows are often installed, providing the possibility of ventilation and access to the roof. Hip roofs are often used in the construction of modern houses.
This is due to the following advantages:
- Low resistance to air flow.
- Protection of the facade from the effects of precipitation due to overhangs.
- Uniform heating of the roof, providing optimal temperature conditions inside.
- The aesthetic appeal of the roof.
House with a turnkey hip roof from the company "Dachny Sezon"
You can buy a house with a hip roof at the Summer Season company. We carry out all stages from the drafting of the project to the removal of garbage and the commissioning of the facility on our own, therefore we guarantee the quality and bear full responsibility for the result. The benefits of working with us include:
- We provide a 10-year warranty on the houses built by our company.
- The prices of our services are lower than those of other companies in this segment.
- Our company sells houses with a hip roof on a turnkey basis - from design to commissioning.
- We carry out re-planning absolutely free of charge.
The Dachny Season company has been working in the field of low-rise housing construction since 2002 and offers services for the design and construction of houses with a hip roof in Moscow and the Moscow region. We are ready to take care of all stages of construction - from drafting a project to its final commissioning.
Our the main objective– to provide its customers with high-quality, reliable and warm houses.
Habitual hipped roofs, forming an attic or attic, to a certain extent limit the spatial possibilities country house. Initially, they tried to solve this problem using attic floors, and over time, waterproofing technologies made it possible for houses with a flat roof to appear, and most developers now have a catalog of projects for such structures. Of course, they are somewhat unusual for our traditions, but interesting from an architectural and practical point of view.
Carefully designed flat roof design Source domnomore.com
Advantages and disadvantages of a flat roof
It is clear that a well-equipped flat area at the top of the building can be used as a recreation area, gym, the original living room - its purpose depends entirely on the imagination and interests of the owners. But first of all, the roof of the house is a guarantor of reliability, waterproofness and durability of the entire building. Therefore, a roof without slopes, like everything new, raises many questions, the main one among them: what is good about such a design and what can be wrong with it.
Arguments "for" a horizontal roof
- A flat roof attracts with ease and timing of installation. Roof layers are laid on concrete slabs resting on wall panels. There is no need to create a crate, use timber, boards, other lumber, the installation of the surface is carried out in one plane, without scaffolding and insurance. It saves time, finances, resources.
- The design of the horizontal plane is reliable, durable, does not require annual maintenance. Subject to the technology and sequence of construction work, the proper arrangement of the drain of melted and rainwater, a long service life is guaranteed.
- High thermal insulation capacity of all roofing options.
A well-made roof allows you to equip even a lawn on it. Source proroofer.ru
- Saving materials, working time, cash costs by reducing the area.
- Ease of installation and maintenance of various equipment (air conditioners, ventilation, antennas, solar panels);
- Attractive design of the facade of the house with a flat roof, clarity and completeness of the lines.
- The ability to use the additionally formed area at your own discretion - recreation, sports, hobbies, entertainment.
In general, the design of a house with a flat roof fits well into the surrounding nature, and the practical attitude to the additional area formed on the roof improves the quality of living and leisure activities.
Cons of a flat roof
The main and significant drawback of the horizontal design is the risk of leakage. The snow that has accumulated over the winter, thawing, seeps through the smallest cracks, gradually expanding them, moistening the walls of the house. This is a common occurrence for roofs that have been installed incorrectly. This drawback will not manifest itself if all the work was done according to the technology, but it will not be possible to find out right away whether this is so.
The second most important minus of a flat roof is the guaranteed accumulation of snow on it, which will have to be cleaned manually if you plan to go out “under the open sky” in winter.
Video description
What you should think about before creating a flat roof - in the video:
As a result, you can trust the construction of a house with a flat roof only to a developer who provides a guarantee for the work performed, plus, you must be ready for snow removal.
The main types of flat roofs
The unusual configuration of a flat roof is not only functional, beautiful, but also diverse. Without going into details, initially they are conditionally divided into two large groups - exploited and non-exploited. Each of them, in turn, is structurally performed according to traditional (classical) or inversion technologies.
Separation by way of use
Exploited. Used by the owners of the house as an additional area of the house. For this, it is important that the surface is strong, even and smooth. A slight slope of up to 5 °, necessary for the flow of water, does not interfere with free movement and is practically not felt. In most cases, a house with an exploitable roof is preferable due to additional features.
Part of a flat roof can be transparent Source domsireni.ru
Unexploited. Structurally simpler, since there is no need for a rigid base for waterproofing and rigid insulation. To care for the roof, ladders and walkways are placed on it so as not to create an uneven load. This type of flat roofs is cheaper to build, but because of this, the estimated service life is shorter than the exploited flat roof, which is more complex in design.
Design differences
Any flat roof is a kind of "pie" in which hydro, thermal and vapor barriers alternate. In some cases, layers are added to increase the overall strength of the coating.
The classic (traditional) flat roof is also known as "soft". Its feature is the location of the waterproofing layer, which is brought out. The softness of such a coating is due to the bitumen-containing component of the waterproofing.
The downside of this solution is that the top layer is constantly exposed to solar UV rays and temperature changes.
Their influence is especially destructive with the onset of frosts, when at night the temperature can already be below zero, and during the day the air is still well warmed up. As a result, the waterproofing collapses over time and moisture from rains and melting snow gets on the concrete base and through the cracks in the joints of the slabs inside the building.
Classic flat roof pie Source pronovostroy.ru
The roof is inverted or lightweight, designed taking into account the sad experience of using the classic one. It has a much longer service life due to the inversion (turning) of the arrangement of the “pie” layers, which eliminates the rapid failure of the waterproofing coating. Here, the concrete base is initially waterproofed, then there is a layer of durable hydrophobic (not wetted by water) insulation, on which a “working” coating is already located, on which you can walk. As the latter, gravel, crushed stone or paving stones are often used. The quality of the insulation of the inverted roof even allows you to equip it with a grassy lawn or lay paving slabs.
Inversion roof pie Source dom-steny.ru
Everything starts - a project
Having decided to build a house with a flat roof, first of all, you need to decide on the purpose of the roof - you need an exploited or non-exploited one. There will be a serious difference in cost between them, because the first option provides for a reinforced foundation and load-bearing walls, taking into account the weight reinforced concrete floors(especially for a two-story house).
The main purpose of drawing up a project is precisely to plan all the loads that the building will experience in order to determine the amount of materials that will be used for its construction. In addition, the design helps to draw up a clear and understandable plan of the proposed work. Specialized programs are used to draw up the project, so it is strongly not recommended to take on this work on your own without having the necessary skills.
Moreover, you should not rely on your strength if you want to get a house of complex shape. Source kakpotolok.ru
The main design stages are as follows:
- Drawing up a general sketch of the building. When the developer knows the linear parameters of the object being built and what materials it is planned to build from, the designers can already calculate the weight of the building, and therefore calculate the load on the foundation. In addition, the well-known form of the building allows you to calculate the wind and snow loads that are added to the weight of the house.
- Calculation of load-bearing structures. Here the number of beams to create the crate, their cross section and length are calculated.
- Creation of a plan. On it, in addition to the main walls, all additional elements of the future structure are drawn and their location is indicated.
Video description
An overview of the project of a house with a flat roof from the architect in the video:
Flat-roofed houses can be designed in almost any style, but the most functional and appropriate design style is high-tech. It can be a small cubic house designed for a couple or an extensive modern cottage with terraces on the ground and on the roof.
In addition to the adapted architectural and construction project, it is advisable to order a work plan, taking into account the features of the house, with reference to the construction volumes. Thus, the total cost of the future home is determined.
On the roof plan, slopes and the location of additional elements are indicated Source homycomfort.ru
What should the plan consider
Despite the outward simplicity, a flat roof consists of enough a large number various elements and each of them has certain nuances for selection and installation.
- Adjacency nodes. These are all the intersections of horizontal and vertical planes - outer sides, chimney walls, ventilation outlets, etc. The design of the junction points must ensure complete tightness of the connection, therefore, it is carried out strictly according to the technology prescribed for the materials used.
Sealing of junctions Source stroite-sami.ru
- Cornice. It is needed to protect the walls and blind area of the building from water leaking from the roof, and simply gives the building an architecturally finished look. Depending on the climatic features of the region, the width of the cornice can be 0.5-1 meter.
Departure of the cornice is done to the required distance Source krysha-expert.ru
- Drainage funnels. They are installed to remove water that collects from the entire surface of the roof in its lowest sections. The approximate number of funnels is one for every 0.75 m² of roof surface area.
Funnels for collecting water Source productstroy.ru
- Aerators and wind vanes. The purpose of these elements is to remove water vapor that forms inside the coating cake.
Wind vane on a flat roof Source interistroy.ru
- Lightning rod. It is carried out in the form of a horizontal grid or vertical lightning rods.
Horizontal and vertical lightning rod on a flat roof Source assz.ru
- Drainage. Organizes the flow of water from the roof. It happens external or internal - the first option is cheaper and easier to operate.
It is best to drain water through the drainage system Source nkkconsult.ru
It must always be remembered that the coordinated interaction of all components ensures only the use of suitable materials and strict adherence to construction technology.
Project examples
When choosing a project for a future home, it is useful to pay attention not only to its architecture, dimensions, but also to the nature of the roof, floor material, roofing and the possibility of using it as an addition to the total area of \u200b\u200bthe house.
Video description
Some video examples of projects:
Two-storey house in Hi-Tech style
The project of a high-tech modern house with a flat roof with warm walls made of aerated concrete and ceramic blocks. Two-story, medium-sized (up to 150 m²), designed for arranging an exploitable flat roof.
The stepped configuration allowed for a division of the upper space, where one part of the roof is used to house process equipment.
The design of the facade is interesting, combining smooth walls and textured finishes.
Appearance of the project Source lagrans.com
The layout of the rooms on the first and second floors Source mainavi.ru
Cottage
A small family with an average income will comfortably accommodate in a modern one-story compact house, the roof of which serves as an addition to the total area. Panoramic windows, a large kitchen, orientation of living quarters to the south, southwest maintain the warmth and comfort of the house.
The slight inclination of the roof allows rain and melt water to run off and does not interfere with safe movement on the roof. The estimated area of 86 m² is increased by the exploited roof. Monolithic ceiling and PVC roof membrane guarantee a long life of the house. A flat roof emphasizes the volume of the room, giving the entire structure a modern look.
Project photo modern home flat roof Source pinterest.com
Layout of rooms Source dom4m.ru
A house for a large family corresponds to the ideas of modern construction. Good heat and waterproofing of the roof allows you to equip additional places for recreation or training. Aerated concrete walls and monolithic ceilings retain heat in the premises.
Despite the large area of the building (more than 300 m²), thanks to the flat roof, it looks light and neat. Source assz.ru
On our website you can see the most popular projects two-storey houses from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses Low-rise Country.
Cubic House
A square, flat-roofed cubist house for a family with two children looks stylish due to the lack of a high hipped roof.
A neat, voluminous, two-story house with corner glazing stands firmly on the site, attracting attention to itself. The house is interesting from all sides, while the roof serves as its continuation, emphasizing the cubic architectural style. It is proposed to build such a house from sandwich panels, which provide sufficient thermal insulation and structural strength.
Cubic two-story house Source rosstroycom.ru
Wooden two-storey house
Not everyone prefers to use exclusively modern materials during construction, preferring time-tested classics. Wooden house with a flat roof the right decision from the point of view of the environmental friendliness of the building, it is also just a very beautiful design.
Extraordinarily beautiful wooden house modern planning Source yandex.kz
Any housewife will be happy with such a kitchen. Source fireswirl.co
As a result - when to choose a house with a flat roof
All projects of houses with a flat roof are examples of beauty, conciseness and efficient use of the space of modern buildings. If these aspects are primarily important, then such houses will the right choice. The main thing during their construction is to choose a developer who will strictly comply with the technology prescribed by the project.
As you know, the vast majority of private buildings have a pitched roof, usually a gable roof. Many generations have passed since it was invented this species roof frame, therefore, people are already used to it. But despite this, several decades ago, many developers decided that they were already tired of this type of building, and it was time to change something. The double-pitched roof was replaced by one-story houses with a four-pitched roof. In this article I will analyze the advantages and disadvantages of such a truss system, the structure and its varieties.
Advantages of a hipped roof house
Before considering the pros and cons, a few words about definitions need to be said. The four-pitched roof has a different name in the roofing sphere: "hip". It is divided into several varieties, but I will talk about them a little lower. As you know, everything is known in comparison, so I will point out the advantages of four slopes, comparing them with a simpler design: a gable truss system.
- The hip truss system can be classified as correctly structured. There are no vertical end walls (gables and pediments), therefore, air resistance decreases significantly. This type of roofing system is suitable for areas where there are hurricane winds with sharp gusts. In addition, its cornice overhangs feel more comfortable and collapse more slowly.
- The corner ribs that converge near the supporting ridge beam have increased rigidity, so enormous efforts will have to be made to deform the hipped roof.
- The hip roof has serious dimensions in area. In addition, cornice overhangs can be extended far beyond the bearing walls, thereby creating a canopy that will protect the walls of the building from the effects of precipitation.
- From a distance, your house will not seem so huge, since the roof does not stand out for its height. This is useful when appearance your site does not allow you to place large structures.
- A hip roof can accommodate almost all roofing materials on its surface, but many developers prefer to cover it with soft products.
IMPORTANT: If you live in an area with high rainfall, then due to the ability to create large eaves, a pitched roof is one of the best options.
The disadvantages include the following:
- Creating a hip roof is somewhat more difficult, since there are much more elements in it. In addition, the amount of materials increases the price tag. But again, the lack of gables reduces stonework, so this needs to be studied on a case-by-case basis.
- If in the finished building there are roof windows located at the ends, then during heavy rain they must be closed, otherwise a large puddle will form on the floor.
- Due to the design of the roof frame, part of the attic space will be "eaten up". This item is especially important if you want to create an attic floor.
- Most developers install skylights on the hips so that they let natural light into the attic floor. If you are planning the same, then you need to know one fact. Be sure to check this window before it starts to rain. If it is not closed, then water will flow into the room without any problems, which can seriously damage things inside.
IMPORTANT: If you plan to display dormer windows along the hips, then it is better to make them vertical. In construction, this is called a "bat". Ondulin or metal tiles are ideal for this type of roof.
Here is what the projects of one-story houses with a hipped roof look like:
Structural elements
A four-pitched roof consists of planes intersecting with each other. The two end planes are triangles and are called hips. As for the facade, they have the shape of a trapezoid and occupy the vast majority of the entire roof space. The roof slope of this roof varies from 15 to 60 degrees. Such coolness allows you to place almost any roofing on the surface.
The structural side of such a roof must necessarily include the following elements:
- Skate. Any pitched roof, if you do not take into account the shed, is difficult to imagine without this element. Due to the fact that there are quite a lot of lumber in the roof frame, it is better to install a ventilated ridge. Thus, natural ventilation will have fewer problems, and moisture will leave faster.
- The slopes themselves. By the way, depending on the design of the building, the area of \u200b\u200bthe parts of the roof may differ from each other.
- Eaves and gable overhangs. These sections of the roof are designed to divert falling precipitation from the walls of the building. They are created by attaching fillies to the ends of the rafter legs.
- The rafter system is the frame of the entire roof and must be made of durable wood. The ideal material for this are conifers.
- Drainage system. Despite the fact that most private buildings have only one floor, precipitation drainage is a prerequisite for the operation of the building. Otherwise, a situation may arise when the foundation simply cracks due to moisture.
- Depending on the roofing, snow holders are selected. They can be different types so it all depends on where you live.
Example good home with a hipped roof, you can see in the photo above.
Types of hipped roof
Many types of roof structures have been invented for a long time, but relatively recently they were assembled into some system, where the main ones were noted, and the subspecies were dismantled.
The hip roof has four varieties:
- Standard four-slope system. There is nothing superfluous here, so to speak a classic. Four slopes, triangular on the sides, and trapezoidal from the facades. All planes are assembled at the top point and form a ridge knot. A feature of this design is that the length of the ridge is much less than the length of the entire building. Oddly enough, the truss system of a standard hip roof belongs to the category increased complexity, so it is hardly possible to assemble it on your own without proper preparation.
- Half hip Dutch. Looking at such a roof, you can immediately establish similarities with gable roofs. The fact is that the Dutch system has two large trapezoidal slopes, and reduced hips are built from the ends of the house. Thanks to this, ordinary skylights can be installed at the ends, which are much cheaper than attic windows.
- Danish half-hip system. There are four slopes here, which in their shape resemble trapeziums, but they differ in size. The hip part of such a roof begins just below the ridge element, and on top of it is a small triangular pediment. It can be operated to insert a skylight or skylight.
- Mansard roof with four slopes. This design has two triangular hips and two broken slopes, the slope of which can be changed at will. This is convenient if you need to make high ceilings on the attic floor.
- Surely, you have come across square houses with hipped roofs. Such a rafter system is called a hipped roof.. It requires a fairly high stability, so it is made from isosceles triangles. This variety differs from its counterparts in that all parts of the roofing plane are equal to each other and are a triangle. In addition, on such a roof there is no need to install a ridge element.
IMPORTANT: Projects of houses with a hipped hipped roof should be created taking into account the passages for artificial ventilation. Since without aerators or deflectors, moisture will accumulate in the attic.
A two-story house with a hipped roof will look very beautiful and massive, looking at the photo above, you will definitely say the same.
The composition of the truss system
In the photo of one-story houses with a hipped roof, you can see their beauty and design, but the most basic is hidden inside. The rafter system is the basis of the entire roof, everything rests on it. As mentioned earlier, durable wood species, namely coniferous, are best suited to create a frame. But despite all its qualities, any natural material is subject to decay and decomposition. To prevent this, lumber is treated with antiseptics, and flame retardants are applied to them to increase the degree of ignition.
The "skeleton" of this roof has the following elements:
- Support beam or otherwise Mauerlat. The entire weight of the structure is distributed precisely along it, after which it goes along the walls and goes into the foundation.
- Racks are supporting components. They are placed on a beam or bed and prevent any deformation of the rafter legs.
- Rafter. This type of roof has two types of truss elements in its arsenal: diagonal and ordinary. The former form the beginning of the hip slope, and the latter perform supporting functions on trapezoidal slopes.
- Puff. This function is performed by the beam. It is located horizontally and pulls together a pair of truss units so that the walls of the building do not go away from the load.
- Strut. A beam that is installed at a certain angle with respect to the rafters.
- Upper run. An element connecting the upper ends of the racks. At its core, it is a support for the rafters.
- Crate. It can be both continuous and discharged. Everything will depend on the roofing materials used.
If you are far from construction, then you will have to hire workers, otherwise you risk doing something out of technology and bringing down the entire roof structure.