What is hot water in a receipt. Deciphering hot water supply in the receipt of housing and communal services Cold water for the purposes of hot water supply what
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Preparation of hot water using in-house engineering systems (ITP) apartment building(in the absence of centralized preparation of hot water in the MKD).
The amount of payment for hot water supply (DHW) is calculated based on the readings of house meters and the corresponding tariffs for cold water and consumed Gcal used to prepare hot water. At the same time, the costs of maintaining and repairing in-house engineering systems and electricity used for preparing hot water are included in the fee for maintaining and repairing a dwelling.
Individual heating point of our house (ITP)
Calculation for heating and cooked in apartment building hot water on the basis of RF Government Regulation No. 354 dated May 6, 2011
Rules for the provision of public services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings, approved by a government decree Russian Federation dated May 6, 2011 No. 354, hereinafter referred to as the Rules. For the convenience of typing in a text editor, the formulas used are slightly modified and specified in comparison with their writing in the Rules, which does not change their meaning in any way.
For an unambiguous understanding: in accordance with paragraph 2 of the Rules, “non-residential premises in an apartment building” is a room in an apartment building that is not residential premises and common property of the owners of premises in an apartment building. For example, a shop, a sewing studio, an office space of an organization, etc. The calculation of fees for such premises, as a rule, is similar to the calculation for residential premises (apartments). In case of differences in the calculations, they will be discussed separately.
Calculation and distribution of fees in accordance with paragraph 50 of the Rules between consumers living in the room (rooms) communal apartments MKD is carried out according to formulas 7, 8, 16, 19 and 21 of Appendix No. 2 to the Rules and will not be considered in this case.
I carry out the description of the calculations using the example of my own apartment building (hereinafter - MKD), which is equipped with the following metering devices:
1) collective (common house) installed in the heating point of the MKD (hereinafter - ODPU):
A) to determine the total volume (quantity) of thermal energy used for the utility service "heating" and heating water for the utility service "hot water supply", the temperature of the coolant in the supply and return pipelines at the boundary of operational responsibility (hereinafter - ODPUte);
B) to determine the volume (quantity) of thermal energy used for the public service "hot water supply" (hereinafter - ODPUte-gv);
C) to determine the volume of water used for the public service "hot water supply" (hereinafter - ODPUgv);
2) individual, installed in each residential (apartment) and non-residential premises (hereinafter - IPU):
A) to determine the volume (quantity) of thermal energy used for the utility service "heating" (hereinafter - IPUte);
B) to determine the volume of hot water used for the public service "hot water supply" (hereinafter - IPUgv).
Supplied from city heating networks to the house thermal energy is divided into two parts and using the equipment of the heating point is used:
for the preparation of a heat carrier circulating in the MKD heating system closed type;
for the preparation of hot water circulating in the hot water system water supply MKD open type.
At the same time, the coolant itself, supplied from the city heating networks, is not taken away, but only the thermal energy contained in it is used.
In accordance with paragraph 40 of the Rules, the consumer of the utility service for heating and (or) hot water supply, produced and provided by the contractor to the consumer in the absence district heating and (or) hot water supply, pays a total fee for such a utility service, calculated in accordance with paragraph 54 of the Rules. Namely, it should include both a payment for a utility service provided to a consumer in a residential or non-residential premises, and a payment for a utility service provided for general house needs.
Therefore, in this case, consumers should be billed in the payment document for utility services "heating" and "hot water supply" without division into individual consumption and consumption for general house needs.
In accordance with clause 54 of the Rules, consumers of each residential (apartment) and non-residential premises must pay the contractor for the utility resources used during the billing period, namely, the heat energy provided for the “heating” utility service, and the heat energy and cold water provided for utility service "hot water supply".
When determining the amount of payment by consumers of each residential (apartment) and non-residential premises for the utility service "heating", the volume of heat energy used only for heating is distributed among all residential and non-residential premises in an apartment building in proportion to the size of the total area owned (in use) by each consumer of a residential or non-residential premises in an apartment building in accordance with formula 18 of Appendix No. 2 to the Rules:
Ro-i \u003d Vte-o-d x (Si / Sd) x Tte
The amount of payment by consumers of each residential (apartment) or non-residential premises for the utility service "heating" (Po-i, rubles) is determined as the product of three components:
The volume (quantity) of thermal energy used during the billing period in the production of the utility service "heating" and defined as the difference between the measured amount of thermal energy ODPUte and ODPUte-gv (Vte-o-d, Gcal);
The ratio of the total area of the i-th residential premises (apartments) or non-residential premises in the MKD (Si, sq.m) to the total area of all residential premises (apartments) and non-residential premises in MKD (Sd, sq.m);
Tariff for thermal energy, established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation (Tte, rub./Gcal).
When determining the amount of consumer fees for each residential (apartment) or non-residential premises for the utility service "hot water supply", the cost of cold water and the cost of thermal energy used to heat cold water in the production of utility services for hot water supply, distributed to each residential and non-residential premises in proportion to the volume of hot water consumed during the billing period in a particular residential or non-residential premises and is calculated according to formula 20 of Appendix No. 2 to the Rules:
Rgv-i \u003d Vgv-i x Txv + Vte-gv-d x (Vgv-i / Sum Vgv-i) x Tte
___________
Sum- mathematical sign "sum".
The amount of payment by consumers of each residential (apartment) or non-residential premises for the utility service "hot water supply" (Rgv-i, rubles) is determined as the sum of two components:
The product of the volume of hot water consumed by the consumer for each residential (apartment) or non-residential premises, determined for the billing period IPUgv (Vgv-i, cubic meters), and the tariff for cold water established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation (Тхв, rub./cubic .m);
The product of the volume (quantity) of thermal energy used for heating cold water during the billing period, determined by ODPUte-gv (Vte-gv-d, Gcal), the ratio of the volume of hot water consumed by the consumer of each residential (apartment) or non-residential premises, determined for the billing period IPUgw (Vgw-i, cub.m) to the total volume of hot water consumed by consumers of all residential (apartments) and non-residential premises, determined for the billing period with the legislation of the Russian Federation (Tte, rub./Gcal).
When paying for utilities, consumers see various abbreviations on the receipts. It is important to know what is behind these letters and where the money goes. DHW is a hot water service. But what it includes and what it consists of, let's take a closer look.
Regulatory framework and definitions
Hot water, centrally supplied to consumers, in accordance with the provisions of Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 of 05/06/2011, is one of the communal resources. A utility service is the provision of a resource to a consumer by a service provider (supplier).
That is, in the case of hot water supply, the utility service is the supply of hot water of the required parameters to apartments apartment buildings, dorm rooms, businesses and public buildings (hospitals, laundries, kindergartens, etc.).
Services for the supply of hot water to residents are provided by the heating network, which is also responsible for the implementation of centralized heating of residential and public buildings.
Service Features
The preparation of hot water for the needs of hot water supply occurs at centralized heating boilers, in the same place where the heat carrier of the heating system is heated.
Boilers can be connected to a looped DHW system or be dead-end - designed for a group of houses or one house (for example, rooftop boilers). The closer the consumer is to the source of hot water (boiler room), the better the service will be, the higher the water temperature. However, connection to looped networks is preferable in terms of reliability and uninterrupted hot water supply.
The service includes:
- Boiler service. Unlike heating, hot water is provided all year round, while the boiler houses switch to the summer (minimum) mode of operation.
- Track maintenance.
- Carrying out planned maintenance work on networks.
The water heated in the boiler room for an open (non-closed) DHW system enters the consumers' apartments through the supply water pipes, being distributed through the domestic DHW networks.
It should be remembered that hot water cannot be used for cooking due to the presence of additives in it - special additives that reduce the level of scale formation on the inner walls of pipelines.
The temperature of hot water at consumers is regulated by sanitary and legal norms and is + 50 ... + 65 ° С. In fact, it often does not exceed +40 °C.
This is due to heat losses during the supply of coolant along the routes (poor-quality pipe insulation, gusts) or due to low temperature at the outlet of the boiler room. Boiler room operators adjust the output parameters based on the outdoor temperature.
The task of the service provider is to provide the apartments with a communal resource of proper quality. Sometimes the heating network justifies the poor quality of the service by the deplorable state of the networks - routes built in the last century that require overhaul, will not withstand the temperature difference in winter, if the parameters of the coolant at the outlet of the boiler house are maintained at the standard level.
It turns out a vicious circle - many residents often do not pay for hot water due to its low temperature, or refuse this service altogether, switching to electric water heaters. And the enterprises of the heating network cannot carry out repair work, because. the debt of the population to pay does not give them an inflow Money.
On the video about the DHW service
Outcome
Whether or not to pay for the DHW service, if it turns out to be of insufficient quality, is a purely personal matter. It is important to understand that by deciding to go down the path of non-payment, you do not just need to produce debts. It is necessary to collect the evidence base according to the following scheme: make commission measurements of water temperature, send the results to the service provider. Be sure to get an official response explaining the reasons for the low quality of the service. Having collected a package of evidence, you can go to court to defend your rights.
Decree of the Committee for Tariffs and Prices of the Moscow Region dated 12/13/2014 No. 149-R "On setting tariffs for hot water for 2015" approved a two-component tariff for hot water on the basis of Decree of the Russian Federation dated May 13, 2013 No. 406 "On state regulation tariffs in the field of water supply and sanitation. The procedure for calculating and paying utility bills is defined in the Rules for the Provision of Utility Services, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354. Accordingly, the procedure for calculating payment for hot water has been changed. Now the fee for 1 cubic meter of hot water consists of two components:
The first- fee for 1 cubic meter of cold water.
Second- payment for thermal energy, which was spent on heating 1 cubic meter of cold water.
The component for cold water is the volume of cold water (CWS) for the needs of hot water supply. In the presence of individual metering devices (meters), this component is determined - according to the readings of the hot water metering device (DHW), in the absence of an individual metering device - according to the standard, i.e. 3.5 cubic meters per 1 person. per month.
From January 01, 2015, residents of apartment buildings in the city of Lyubertsy, which are equipped with common house metering devices, are charged for hot water at a two-component tariff: a cold water component for DHW and a thermal energy component for DHW.
Payment for hot water for residents of the house should also be made at a two-component tariff. The house is equipped with common house DHW meters. Payment for hot water from 07/01/2015 should be charged at the current two-component tariff: the cold water component for hot water supply (at the rate of 33.28 rubles / m3) and the thermal energy component (TE) for hot water supply at the rate of 2141.46 rubles ./Gcal.
In receipts for payment for housing and communal services from July 01, 2015, “Hot water supply” is indicated in two lines:
Cold water for hot water - the volume of cold water (HWS) for the needs of hot water supply;
TE for DHW - thermal energy spent on heating 1 cubic meter of cold water.
Indications of a common house metering device - the amount of hot water for the current month and the amount of thermal energy consumed in the current month for circulation and heating of the specified amount of water are given on reverse side receipts, for example:
1089.079 cu. m. - FV for hot water supply (physical water for hot water supply);
110.732 Gcal. - TE for GVS (thermal energy for hot water supply).
The actual amount of heat energy spent on heating 1 cubic meter of cold water for a house is determined based on the total amount of heat energy to the total amount of hot water for the current month, which is:
= FC for DHW / FI for DHW = 110.732 Gcal. / 1089.079 cu. m. = 0.1017 Gcal / m3
then, the actual cost of thermal energy spent on heating 1 cubic meter of water in the current month will be:
0.1017 Gcal/cu.m x RUB 2141.46 for 1 Gcal. = 217.79 rubles.
Please note that the amount of heat energy spent on heating 1 cubic meter of cold water in each billing month may differ, because is a calculated value and depends on the amount (volume) of hot water consumed by the house in the current month and the amount of thermal energy spent on circulation and heating of this volume. Monthly, these readings are taken from the general house heat energy meter and transferred to the heat supply organization and are simultaneously recorded on the back of the receipt for each current month.
The chairman of the council of the house number 26 on the street addressed to the editorial office of our newspaper. Volodarsky Gennady Panfilovich Rezinkin and spoke about his attempt to understand the issue of installing and paying for a common house heat meter.
In January 2014, the owners of apartments in this multi-apartment building received receipts for housing and communal services, where, among other services payable, the “Installation of a thermal power supply unit” was separately indicated. The question arose: why such a sum?
In February 2014, a representative of the initiative group G.P. Rezinkin, on behalf of the residents of the house, first applied to the Municipal Unitary Enterprise " Heating network» for clarification on the cost of installing a meter. There he was refused, explaining that this information is confidential and not subject to disclosure.
G.P. Rezinkin went to court. The Gatchina City Court, in a claim to issue an act of acceptance of the operating installation and an estimate for the installation of the operating installation G.P. He refused Rezinkin, explaining that the plaintiff had the right to “require from MUP “Heat networks” of Gatchina a written response with supporting documents containing information about the cost of the purchased operating system, its delivery, installation and commissioning, which the defendant has no right to refuse to provide” . What G.P. Rezinkin and was done. However, "Thermal networks" of Gatchina refused to give such information.
Meanwhile G.P. Rezinkin was elected chairman of the council of house number 26, after which he did not turn to anywhere, but clarity did not increase. The distrust of the residents, who did not receive an answer to a seemingly simple question, began to grow, and with it the number of questions. “Perhaps, apartment owners pay in full for both the OPU itself and its installation, and now, deprived of the right to know and understand what is happening, to control how readings are taken, they pay for the general building costs of heat energy and the cost of maintaining the OPU also for the tenants of municipal apartments and tenants non-residential premises. Where is justice?” Gennady Panfilovich is indignant.
A year later, the chairman of the council of the house decided to make the case public and involve the media. Our editors have taken it upon themselves to help sort it out. Having collected the correspondence of G.P. Rezinkin with utilities and court records, we turned to MUP "Heat Networks" in Gatchina.
Oksana Nikolaevna Zolotova, head of the legal department of MUE "Heat Networks" in Gatchina, answers the questions of our reader, posed in his letter to the editor.
- Why was the OPU put up without the consent of the owners?
The Federal Law of November 23, 2009 No. 261-FZ “On Energy Saving and Improving Energy Efficiency” establishes the obligation of owners of residential and non-residential premises of an apartment building (MKD) to ensure the installation and commissioning of common house metering devices (OPU) for cold and hot water, thermal and electrical energy, natural gas. In the event that the owners of premises in an apartment building have not ensured the installation of the operating system before July 1, 2012, such installation is carried out by the resource supply organization. The federal law gave tenants a rather long period of time - three years, during which time it was possible to install a metering device on their own, choosing both a supplier and a contractor for the work, the tenants did not use this right. Consequently, there is an obligation for the resource supplying organization to install a common house (collective) meter in an apartment building.
- On what basis were invoices issued to the owners of the premises?
In the event that before January 1, 2013 the owners of the premises themselves did not install the GTC, and at the same time the common house metering device was installed by the resource supply organization (based on part 12 of article 13 federal law"On Energy Saving"), the owners are obliged (according to clause 38.1 of Regulation No. 491) to pay the costs of installing such a meter on the basis of invoices. This obligation is established by law, we did not "invent" anything on our own. Obeying only federal law and given that the tenants do not have sufficient legal literacy, we do not refuse to explain to anyone, if a person makes contact and adequately perceives his duties as an owner, we are always ready for a dialogue. The law clearly spells out the procedure in case of disagreement of the owner with certain provisions.
- And if the owner disagrees with the bill?
In case of disagreement, the owner of the premises has the right to contact the organization that installed such a meter and issued an invoice, with disagreements. That is, to substantiate his calculations and prove why he believes that the bill was billed unreasonably. If in this case the disagreements are not resolved, the right to appeal against the invoice in court.
I would like to draw your attention to the fact that, in accordance with paragraph 12 of Article 13 of Federal Law No. 261, in the event of a refusal to pay expenses on a voluntary basis, a person who has not fulfilled the obligation to equip these facilities with metering devices for the energy resources used must also pay expenses incurred by these organizations in connection with the need for enforcement. Thus, the owners, regardless of their desire, are obliged to bear the costs of installing and maintaining the OPU, executing the federal law.
The owner has the right to know why he pays so much. Where can I get information to check the calculations?
Control over the actions of MUP "Heating Networks" of Gatchina is carried out in full by specialized bodies authorized to conduct inspections of the work of resource supplying organizations. Municipal Unitary Enterprise "Heating Networks" of Gatchina held a tender for the right to conclude a loan agreement for the purchase of heating equipment. All information is publicly available on the Internet on the official website of public procurement: zakupki.gov.ru. In order to find the information of interest, just go to the site and type the name of the organization, or its TIN.
Invoices for the installation costs of the PSU are issued with an indication of the total cost of installing such a meter and the proportion of costs borne by the owner of the premises (based on its size). To check the calculations, information on the area of the premises in a particular apartment building can be found in the technical passport of the apartment building. This document must have every house, in case of its absence technical certificate can be ordered from an organization that conducts an inventory of objects, for example, the BTI of Gatchina.
In the house number 26 on the street. Volodarsky, the owners are the owners of apartments and the municipality, which owns residential and non-residential premises. The municipality's share of expenses for rented and non-residential (shop) rented premises was paid in September 2013. Citizens-owners of residential premises in this house pay for the installation of thermal energy control systems from January 1, 2014.
- So, the municipality paid off immediately, and the citizens were given an installment plan?
Yes. Part 12 of Article 13 of Law No. 261-FZ contains the possibility of providing citizens-owners of premises in apartment buildings with installment payments for the costs of the RSO for the installation of metering devices. Payment is made in equal installments within five years, starting from the date of installation of the GTC, provided that citizens do not express their intention to pay such expenses at a time or with a shorter installment period.
Taking into account the requirements of the law on the provision of installments only to citizens-owners of premises, RSO issues invoices for payment of the full amount of expenses for the installation of metering devices to owners of premises - legal entities(including to local governments) without any payment by installments.
- How are the readings of the common house metering device taken?
Calculation of the value and cost of consumed MKD No. 26 on the street. Volodarsky thermal energy for residential and non-residential premises is produced according to the indications of the operating permit from January 1, 2014. Readings are taken on the 20th day of each month remotely via modem connection.
The amount of thermal energy, on the basis of which the payment to owners and tenants of residential premises for heat supply services is calculated, is reduced by the amount of thermal energy consumed by non-residential premises, calculated in proportion to the area of \u200b\u200bthese premises (220 m2). The calculation of the amount of payment for a citizen is made in the settlement and cash center of the Municipal Unitary Enterprise Housing and Public Utilities of Gatchina. With the tenant of non-residential premises located in the specified MKD, a direct contract was concluded for the supply of thermal energy.
Thus, all owners of residential premises pay only their share of the costs both for the installation and maintenance of the heating system, and for heat supply services.
Calculation of the fee for the installation of the OPU and its maintenance for house No. 26 on the street. Volodarsky:
The cost of installing a common house metering device, taking into account installments, is 482,024 rubles 40 kopecks;
The cost of servicing the operating system per month is 2,823 rubles 74 kopecks;
The total area of residential and non-residential premises is 2,469.6 sq.m.
Settlement for the installation of the GTC: 482024, 4/2469, 6/60 months. = 3 rub. 25 kop. from 1 sq. m.
Plus calculation of the cost of service: 2,823, 74/2,469, 6 = 1 rub. 14 kop.
In total, homeowners pay per month: 3, 25 + 1, 14 = 4 rubles. 39 kopecks from 1 sq. m.