The purpose and meaning of human life social science exam. The purpose of human life. Concepts of the meaning of life
The meaning of human life- this is everything for which he lives on earth. But not everyone really knows what makes him live. Every thinking person has a moment when the question arises before him: what is the meaning of human life, what goals, dreams, desires make people live, overcome everything. life tests, go through the school of good and evil, learn from mistakes, make new ones, and so on. Various sages, outstanding minds of different times and eras tried to find the answer to the question: “what is the meaning of human life?”, but no one, in fact, came to a single definition. The answer is individual for each person, that is, what one individual sees his meaning of existence in may not be of interest to another at all, due to the difference in individual characterological features.
The meaning of a person's life consists in the value he realizes, to which he subordinates his life, for the sake of which he sets life goals and implements them. This is such a component of the spiritual meaning of existence, which is formed independently of social values and constitutes an individual human value system. The discovery of this meaning of life and the creation of a value hierarchy occurs in each individual in his reflections, based on personal experience.
The purpose and meaning of human life sees fully realized, only in the case of the necessary conditions of society: freedom, humanism, morality, economic, cultural. Social conditions should be such that a person can realize his goals and develop, and not become an obstacle in his path.
Social science also sees the purpose and meaning of human life as inseparable from social phenomena, therefore, he may know what his goal is, but society may not share it and in every possible way hinder its implementation. In some cases, this is good when it comes to the goals that the criminal or sociopath wants to achieve. But when a private small business entrepreneur wants to develop, and socio-economic conditions hinder him, and he is not allowed to express his opinion, this, of course, does not contribute to the development of the individual and the realization of his plans.
The meaning of human life philosophy
The actual question in philosophy is the meaning of human life and the problem of being. Even ancient philosophers said that a person can philosophize, knowing himself, the whole mystery of the existence of a person lies in herself. Man is the subject of epistemology (knowledge) and at the same time, he is able to know. When a person has comprehended his essence, the meaning of life, he has already solved many issues in his life.
The meaning of human life philosophy briefly. The meaning of life is the main idea that determines the purpose of any object, object or phenomenon. Although the true meaning may never be fully comprehended, it may lie in such deep structures human soul, that man has only a superficial idea of the meaning. He can cognize it by looking inside himself, or by certain signs, symbols, but the full meaning never comes to the surface, only enlightened minds can comprehend it.
Most often, the meaning of a person’s life is the meaning of objects and phenomena that he endows them himself, depending on his individual perception, understanding and the degree of importance of these objects directly for this person. Therefore, the same objects can have many meanings, depending on the people with whom they interact. Suppose some thing can be completely nondescript, and one person from it is of no use at all. But for another person, this same thing can mean a lot, it is filled with a special meaning. She may be associated with him with certain events, a person, she may be dear to him not in material terms, but in spiritual terms. A common example of this is the exchange of gifts. In a gift, a person puts his soul, despite its price. Most importantly, he wants to be remembered. In this case, the most ordinary object can acquire an unprecedented meaning, it is filled with love, wishes, charged with the energy of the giver.
Just like the value of objects, there is also the value of the actions of the individual. Each act of a person is charged with meaning when he makes a certain important decision for him. This meaning means that certain actions carry value, depending on decision and its value to the individual and those around him. It also lies in the feelings, states, emotions and insights that arise in the individual.
The meaning of human life as a philosophical problem is also studied in religion.
The meaning of human life in religion- means contemplation, and the personification of the divine principle in the soul, its orientation towards the superhuman shrine and attachment to the highest good and spiritual truth. But the spiritual essence is interested not only in the truth that describes the object, is its essential meaning, but the very meaning of this object for a person and the satisfaction of needs.
In this sense, a person also gives meaning and assessment to the facts, cases and episodes from his life that were significant for him and, through the prism of this, realizes his value attitude to the world around him. The peculiarity of the relationship of the individual with the world occurs due to the value attitude.
The meaning and value of human life, correlate as follows - the value of a person determines how everything that has significance for him, carries meaning, is native, dear and sacred.
The meaning of human life is philosophy briefly, as a problem. In the twentieth century, philosophers were especially interested in the problems of value human life and put forward different theories and concepts. Value theories were also theories of the meaning of life. That is, the meaning and value of human life, as concepts, were identified, since the meaning of one passed into another.
Value is defined in almost the same way in all philosophical currents, and the lack of value is also explained by the fact that a person is indifferent and is not interested in any differences in life between the categories of good and evil, truth and falsehood. When a person cannot determine the value, or does not know which of them to be guided by in his own life, it means that he has lost himself, his essence, the meaning of life.
The most important among the personal forms of the individual's psyche are the value - will, determination, and. The most important value orientations of the individual is - faith, as the positive aspirations of a person. It is thanks to faith that a person feels himself, is alive, he believes in a better future, he believes that he will achieve his life goal and that his life has meaning, without faith, a person is an empty vessel.
The problem of the meaning of human life began to develop especially in the nineteenth century. Also formed a philosophical direction - existentialism. Existential questions are the problems of a person living everyday life and experiencing depressive emotions and states. Such a person experiences a state of boredom, and the desire to free himself.
The famous psychologist and philosopher Viktor Frankl created his own theory and school, where his followers studied. The object of his teachings was man in search of the meaning of life. Frankl said that finding his destiny, a person mentally heals. In his most famous book, which is called: "Man's search for the meaning of life," the psychologist describes three ways to comprehend life. The first way involves the performance of labor actions, the second - experiences and feelings associated with a particular person or object, the third way describes life situations that actually give a person all his suffering and unpleasant experiences. It turns out that in order to gain meaning, a person must fill his life with work, or some kind of main occupation, caring for a loved one, and learn to cope with problem situations, extracting experience from them.
The problem of the meaning of human life, the study of it life path, trials, severity and problems are the subject of a direction in existentialism - logotherapy. In the center of it stands a person, as a creature that does not know its purpose, and is looking for peace of mind. It is precisely the fact that a person poses the question of the meaning of life and being that determines his essence. At the center of logotherapy is the process of finding meaning in life, during which a person will either purposefully seek the meaning of his being, think about this question and try to do something, or he will be disappointed in the search and stop taking any further steps to determine his own. existence.
The purpose and meaning of human life
A person should think carefully about what his purpose is, what he wants to achieve at the moment. Because during the course of life, its goals may change, depending on external circumstances and internal metamorphoses of the individual, her desires and intentions. The change in life goals can be traced on a simple life example. Let's say a girl graduating from high school wants to pass her exams with excellent marks, enter a prestigious university, she raves about her career and postpones her wedding with her boyfriend until an indefinite time. Time passes, she acquires capital for her business, develops it and becomes a successful business woman. As a result, the original goal was achieved. Now she is ready to make a wedding, she wants children and sees in them her future meaning of life. IN this example two very strong goals were put forward, and regardless of their sequence, they were both achieved. When a person knows exactly what he wants, nothing will stop him, the main thing is that these goals and the algorithm of actions to achieve them are correctly formulated.
On the way to achieving the main life goal, a person goes through certain stages, between which there are also so-called intermediate goals. For example, first a person studies in order to acquire knowledge. But it is not the knowledge itself that is important, but its practical applicability. Then, getting an honors degree can help you get a prestigious job, and the correct performance of your duties helps to increase your career ladder. Here you can feel the transition of important goals and the introduction of intermediate ones, without which the overall result is not achieved.
Purpose and meaning of human life. It happens that two people with the same resources live their life path in completely different ways. One can achieve one goal and put up with the fact that he does not feel the need to go further, while the other, more purposeful, all the time sets himself new goals, achieving which he feels happy.
Almost all people are united by one life goal - creating a family, procreation, raising children. Thus, children are the meaning of life for many people. Because, with the birth of a child, all the general attention of parents focuses on him. Parents want to provide the child with everything necessary and work for this, trying as best as possible. Then they work to educate. But, most importantly, every parent dreams of raising their child in the right way so that he grows up as a kind, fair and reasonable person. Then the children, having received all the necessary resources from their parents, in their old age, can thank them and make it their goal to take care of them.
The meaning of human existence is the desire to keep a trace on the earth. But not everyone is limited to the desire to procreate, some have more requests. They manifest themselves, trying to stand out from the gray mass in various areas of life: sports, music, art, science and other fields of activity, it depends on the talents of each person. Achieving some result can be the goal of a person, like a bar that he jumped over. But when a person's goal is realized by an achievement and he realizes that he has brought benefit to people, he feels much more satisfaction from what he has done. But it may take years to achieve and fully realize such a great goal. Many outstanding people were never recognized for their lives, but understood the meaning of their worth when they were no longer alive. Many people die like this young age, when they reached a certain goal, and did not see any more meaning in life, having completed it. Among such people are mostly creative personalities (poets, musicians, actors), and the loss of the meaning of life for them is a creative crisis.
Such a problem gives rise to thoughts about extending human life, and it can be a scientific goal, but you need to clearly understand what this is for. If you look from the position of humanism, then life has the highest value. Therefore, its extension would be a progressive step in relation to society, and also to individuals specifically. If this problem considered from a biological point of view, it can be argued that some successes in this area already exist, for example, organ transplants, and the treatment of diseases that were once considered incurable. A lot is said about the elixir of youth, as a source for maintaining an eternally young body, but this is still at the level of fantasy. Even if you delay old age, adhering to a healthy and proper lifestyle, it will inevitably come, along with all its manifestations, psychological and biological. This means that the goal of medicine should also be some way so that aged people do not feel physical discomfort and do not complain about reason, memory, attention, thinking, so that they maintain mental and physical performance. But not only science should be engaged in life extension, society itself should also create the necessary conditions to develop human talents, to ensure inclusion in public life.
The life of a modern person is very fast, and he has to expend a lot of energy and strength in order to comply with the norms of society and keep up with progress. When a person is in such a rhythm, he does not have time to stop, stop doing everyday activities and movements that have been memorized, worked out to automatism and think about why all this is done and how expensive it is, to deeply comprehend life and develop the spiritual sphere life.
The meaning of modern life- this is the pursuit of mirages, imaginary success and happiness, implanted patterns in the heads, a false culture of modern consumption. The life of such a person does not carry spiritual value, it is expressed in constant consumption, squeezing out all the juices from oneself. The result of this lifestyle is nervousness, fatigue. People want to snatch a big piece for themselves, to take a place in the sun, regardless of the needs of others. If you look from this perspective, it seems that life is sinking, and soon people will become like robots, inhuman, heartless. Fortunately, the likelihood of such a course of events is very small. This idea is very extreme, and, in fact, only applies to those who have really shouldered the burden of a career and all the difficulties associated with it. But modern man can also be viewed in a different context.
The meaning of the life of a modern person is the birth and upbringing of children who can be proud of, and the improvement of the world. Every modern person is the creator of the future world, and every human labor activity is an investment in the development of society. Realizing his value, a person understands that his life has meaning, and he wants to give himself even more, invest in the future generation, and do good deeds for the good of society. Participation in the achievements of mankind gives people an understanding of their own significance, they feel like the bearers of a progressive future, because they were lucky enough to live at such a time.
The meaning of the life of a modern person is in self-improvement, advanced training, obtaining a diploma, new knowledge, thanks to which you can generate new ideas, create new objects. Such a person, of course, is valued as a good specialist, especially when he likes what he does and considers it his meaning of life.
When smart parents, then the children, respectively, should be like that. Therefore, parents strive to develop and educate their children so that they become worthy members of society.
The meaning of life and the purpose of man
To answer the question: “what is the meaning of human life?”, you must first explain all the constituent terms. "Life" is understood as a category of finding a person in space and time. "Meaning" does not have such a definite designation, since the concept is found in scientific works, and also in everyday communication. If you disassemble the word itself, then it turns out “with a thought”, that is, an understanding of some object or an impact with it, with certain thoughts.
Meaning manifests itself in three categories - ontological, phenomenological and personal. Behind the ontological view, all objects, phenomena and events of life have meaning, depending on their influence on his life. The phenomenological approach says that in the mind there is an image of the world, which includes a personal meaning, which gives an assessment of objects for a person personally, indicates the value of a given phenomenon or event. The third category is the semantic constructs of a person that provide self-regulation. All three structures provide a person with an understanding of his life and the disclosure of the true meaning of life.
The problem of the meaning of human life is closely intertwined with its purpose in this world. For example, if a person is sure that his meaning of life is to bring good and God's grace- His destiny is to be a priest.
Purpose is a way of being a person, it determines his meaning of existence from birth. When a person clearly sees his goal, knows what to do, he completely devotes himself to this with his whole body and soul. This is the purpose, if a person does not fulfill it, he loses the meaning of life.
When a person thinks about his purpose in life, he approaches the idea of the immortality of the human spirit, his actions, their significance now and in the future, what remains after them. Man is mortal by nature, but since he has been given life, he must understand that everything connected with him in this short period of his life is limited only by the date of his birth and death. If a person wants to fulfill his destiny, he will do things that will be socially important. If a person does not believe in the immortality of the soul, his existence will be unthinkable and irresponsible.
The meaning of life and the purpose of a person is a vital decision. Each person chooses how to perceive himself as a person, body and soul, and then think about where to go and what to do. When a person has found a true destiny, he becomes more confident in the value of his life, he can clearly build his life goals and treat the world with kindness and gratitude for the gift of life. Destiny is like a river along which a person swims, and if he himself does not know which pier to swim to, not a single wind will be favorable to him. Religion sees its purpose in serving God, psychologists see it as serving people, someone in the family, someone about preserving nature. And you can’t blame someone for the path he has chosen, everyone does as he wants, as he feels.
MBOU "School No. 19(25)" city of RyazanTOPIC: "PURPOSE AND MEANING OF HUMAN LIFE"
Teacher of history and social studies Pominova Elena Vladimirovna
GOALS: 1. Didactic purpose- create conditions for awareness and comprehension
block of new educational information, application of knowledge and skills in familiar and new learning situations, checking the level of assimilation of the material by means of problem technology.
2. The educational goal is to contribute to the formation of ideas about the meaning and purpose of life, to consider various positions in relation to the meaning of life and to think about one's own understanding of life goals and objectives.
3. Developing goal - to promote the training of schoolchildren in the ability to analyze documents and give examples that confirm or refute the views of the authors, to continue educational cooperation when working in small groups (drafting)
4. The educational goal is to form the experience of equal cooperation between the teacher and students, the value of one's own life goals and objectives while respecting the goals and objectives of other people, to be able to refuse to implement one's plans at the expense of other people, to understand the importance of compromise in public life.
LESSON TYPE: combined
LESSON FORM: mixed: brainstorming, individual work and
small groups, filling in the table, presenting projects, referring to the text of the textbook, discussion, a fragment of the lecture of the preparation for completing the EGE task (ESSE)
EQUIPMENT:
Textbook
Internet connected computer, printer
Dictionaries
Board
SOFTWARE: MSOFFICE: MICROSOFPOWERPOINT
MICROSOFT WORD
The summary of the lesson was made according to the textbook, part 1 L.N. Bogolyubov, A.Yu. Labeznikova, M. Enlightenment, 2013
Structure and content (Progress) of the lesson:
Organizing time: greeting, readiness of the workplace, setting up for vigorous activity.
Motivation and goal setting
Today in the lesson we will continue to talk about a person and turn to the following questions.
What is the purpose and meaning of life, what does it consist of?
Is there a single meaning of life for everyone in the world, or does everyone have their own?
What life goals and tasks can a person have?
How are human ideals and values formed?
As a result, you must
Name at least three different positions in relation to the meaning of life.
Analyze documents and give examples that confirm or refute the views of the authors.
Express your own point of view in relation to the meaning of life
In order to enter a new topic, it is necessary to return to the question: Man is the result of a biological and socio-cultural revolution. We will do this through a test dictation (ex. 1)
Execution check
the last test is a bridge to go to new topic
plan for learning new material
Life goals
Finding the meaning of life
The life position of a person
Learning new material
Teacher - 2+1 concepts purpose of life definition
Meaning of life + theory
Question happiness
On the board, the phrase "Happiness is when you ..." continue the phrase using the following:
Regret
Respect
understand
Afraid
love
Provide + their own version of the end of the phrase
Protect
entertain
listen
2. Do people change their idea of happiness over time (life, person, historical eras)
3. Do you know happy people
(examples of historical figures, heroes of feature films, literary heroes)
Output: A person becomes happy when he realizes his own goals and objectives.
Group work (5 groups of 4 people) - project activities in groups
preparations for the tree of life lesson
1 task 1. Root - the moment of birth
(collective) 2. Trunk - life
3. Branches - tasks that must be solved throughout life
4. Tree tops are the most important thing in life.
nth task filling in the table according to the following classifications
individual
MY 1. Spiritual Aspiration
2. Material
3. Momentary
4. Short-term
5. Long term
completion of this stage of the lesson
General project his defense
each group
Working with conceptual material
1. Table on the board:
Concepts of the meaning of life:
Asceticism(from Greek - exercise)
Life is a renunciation of the world, the mortification of the flesh for the sake of atonement for sins
Hedomism
(from Greek - pleasure)
Life is to enjoy
Pragmatism
(from Greek - deed, action)
The purpose of life justifies any means to achieve it.
Utilitarianism
(from Greek - benefit)
To live means to benefit from everything
eudemonism
(from Greek - bliss, happiness)
Life is the pursuit of happiness as the true purpose of man
Ethics of duty
life is self-sacrifice, altruism in the name of serving the ideal
Working with a document + short lecture
Internet (board) Wisdom of the ages about the meaning of life
task for students
Add those theories to the table on the board. which will now be voiced + write them in a notebook:
Schopenhauer "Death and its relation to the indestructibility of our being"
What life position are you talking about?
During life, the will of a person is deprived of freedom: all his actions, attracted by the goal of motives, are inevitably performed on the basis of his unchanging character. meanwhile, everyone keeps in himself memories of many things that he has done and with which he is dissatisfied with himself. but if he had lived forever, then by virtue of this immutability of character, he would have acted forever in exactly the same way. Therefore, he must cease to be what he is. So that from the germ of his existence he could be reborn as something different and new. And death breaks these bonds, the will again becomes free, because freedom lies not in it, but in action ... Death is a moment of liberation from the one-sidedness of an individual form, which does not constitute the innermost core of our being, but rather is a kind of perversion of it: true, the original freedom comes again at this moment, and therefore, in the sense indicated, it can be looked upon as a general restoration of order.
Teacher:
Mankind early began to think about what affects life and
what laws it follows. many ancient thinkers doubted the possibility of knowing the meaning of human life, and even more so changing it. The fabulist Aesop argued that you still can’t get away from fate, and therefore a person should be able to be content with what he has, and the famous orator Cicero stated “Life is not governed by wisdom, but by fate.” This attitude to life was calledfatalism (translated from Greek fatal
Omar Khayyam: Persian poet
“Life is a desert, we wander naked through it
Mortal, full of pride, you are simply ridiculous!
You find a reason for every step -
meanwhile, it has long been predetermined in heaven.
In one of the books of the Bible (the Book of Ecclesiastes) it is said that all the days
man - continuous sorrows, and nothing good should be expected from life on earth. These views are calledpessimistic from the Latin root - the worst.
The French philosopher Voltaire was skeptical that all people
are like those who live in the small norms of a huge building and know neither its architect nor its purpose. thisskepticism (in translation, considering, exploring), expressing regret in a person’s ability to find the true meaning of life.
Since ancient times there have been people who believed that everything in the world
reasonable, our life is beautiful and all people have a wonderful future. thisoptimism - faith and conviction in the possibility of the triumph of good over evil, justice over injustice. the representative of this movement, the German philosopher Leibniz, said that our world is the best of all possible worlds.
Ferdowsi, Persian poet:
"The world is only eternal, Our life is momentary,
But the name remains in the universe.
Only good deeds people
Glorify. Everything else will die.
a) Answers to the questions given at the beginning of the lesson
discussion on
Does a person need to have a certain life position?
Which of the considered attitudes to life is preferable and why?
On what factors does a person's position in life depend?
Can people with different life positions communicate with each other?
Lesson summary
Homework
On the walls of the Delphic temple, 7 short sayings were written - lessons in life wisdom. they said:
Know yourself
Nothing beyond measure
Measure is the most important
Everything has its time
The main thing in life is completion
There is no good in diversity
Respond only for yourself.
Think and figure out what they mean to you. From preparation for the EGE.
A selection of material on 1. Schopenhauer
(source reference) 2. F. Aquinas
3. F Nietzsche
4. J. Locke
paragraph 3 of the textbook
Application No. 1
Test dictation
A stable system of socially significant properties that characterize a representative of a particular society refers to the characteristic
human
individual
individuality
personalities
The terms "self-esteem", "self-realization", "self-development" refer to the characterization of a person as
individual
personalities
individual
biological person
The terms “uniqueness”, the distinctive features “otherness” are used when characterizing a person as
1. individual
2. personality
3. personality
4. citizen
A distinctive feature of the concept of personality is the presence in a person
emotional-sensory reactions to the influence of the environment
responsibility for their actions and their consequences
conditionality of behavior by genetic characteristics
instincts of self-preservation and care for offspring
5. The main manifestation of a person's personality is (-yut sya)
1. participation in society
2. the nature of the course of mental processes
3. genetically inherited qualities
features of thinking and memory
6. Are the following judgments about a person correct?
A. All human actions are by their nature rationally conformed
with reason.
B. Human behavior is influenced by the subconscious, natural instincts
and attraction
answer is only A
answer is only B
both statements are correct
both statements are wrong
7. The ability to give up some of your interests for the sake of solving common problems, to give up some of your goals for the sake of common consent are called
1. tolerance
2. tolerance
3. Compromise
4. by consensus
A person is born, grows, matures, grows old and dies. Each stage of life has its own purpose.
The child wants to become an adult. This happens naturally. And there are small goals along the way, as small as a baby. First sit down, then get up, go, speak. Has reached!
And then new goals appear - to learn, to establish themselves in society, to grow up. At first, the goal is only knowledge and evaluation. Then the status in your community. And, from the results obtained, everyone determines the further path in life.
The man has grown, and his goals have grown. And then everyone decides for himself what goal he is attracted to. What will become a priority: career, family, money, fame. And now, each one has reached his own. And then I got to the top, if it worked out, you think, what's next? Did your career, money, fame make you happy? Seldom. Only from the outside it seems that those who are at the top are happy. But history proves that it is not.
Or maybe the goal in a person's life should be happiness? Who thinks about it in youth? When you are attracted to everything at once. This understanding comes later, if it comes at all. “Happiness is when you are understood,” it was said in some movie. But first of all, you need to understand yourself. Understand yourself, see your purpose in life. Even if it is only a dream, then with a strong desire, if you make it a goal, you can make a dream come true. You just need to go to it step by step, step by step. Enjoying the process, enjoying your achievements. Difficult but interesting. Maybe that's why creative people are happier?
Is the purpose of life in creativity? Good idea. You can create in any business. Not only in art or literature. If you look more broadly, the element of creativity is present in any endeavor.
The main thing is that a person in life should have his personal goal. It can't be the same for everyone. And, having reached this goal, you can not stop. We must look for new heights. Life acquires meaning only in movement and development.
So the goal in human life is the path to the meaning of life. A meaningful life makes a person happy, and then you want to create, give joy to others. People like the sun and everyone is drawn to them. Next to them, you begin to believe in yourself and find new goals.
Option 2
Every person comes into this world for something. But with what specific purpose he should go through life, he must determine for himself and choose for himself. It so happened in society that you need to strive for something, achieve it and move on, building new plans and goals.
At the same time, in our society there are often people who live one day, without thinking about tomorrow at all. That is, they exist according to the principle: the day has passed and all right. But it's boring and not interesting at all. After all, life is not endless and is given to us in order to create and use different opportunities. You have to do a lot!
And a goal set by a person can help in this. Of course, everyone will have their own and different in volume. Many people, not calculating their strength, set themselves a deliberately unattainable goal. Then they get very upset because of failure, fall into some kind of depression and eventually give up for future aspirations. This happens very often.
It is good if a person sets a good goal for himself, which can bring good, happiness, joy. But it can also happen that a person seeks to do something bad. Simply because he cannot achieve a good goal due to his laziness and envy of other people's successes. Then people who are next to such a person may suffer. I would like to believe that there are very few of them.
To achieve some kind of global goal in life, you need to divide it into stages - small sub-goals that will be much easier to achieve, following from the simplest to the most complex. So, most likely, it will turn out to come to that most important and cherished one.
If a person could, in his striving for a goal, sort everything into categories and stages and would not want to get everything at once without difficulty, then our society consisted of successful people. After all, when a person achieves a goal in life, he acquires moral satisfaction and the joy of this overwhelms him. And he certainly would not want to do something bad in this state. The world will become better and kinder!
Composition on the topic Purpose and meaning in human life
People are born and grow. As they grow up, they learn to walk, talk, read, write, make friends and acquaintances. Then they grow up, they get a job, a family... As they get older, they get grandchildren, and at the end of life, each of us will die. And, undoubtedly, most people on the planet have thought at least once about why we live, what is the purpose and meaning of our life?
Some, without thinking twice, will say that the family is the meaning of their life. After all, there is nothing more beautiful than coming home and seeing your loved ones alive and healthy, feeling the gentle touch of your wife or husband, seeing how children grow up.
For others, the meaning of life is work. Such people are ready to disappear there day and night, forgetting about relatives and friends.
Still others will say that we need to live for ourselves, because we only live once, so why should we think about what others will tell us? This category of people spend their lives traveling: they visit various parts of the world, get acquainted with different cultures, meet new people.
And there are people who do not see the meaning in life. They are not happy with family, work, or entertainment.
Each of us is looking for meaning in life, and, probably, the goal of our whole life is precisely to find this very meaning. And when we find the meaning of life, we find absolute happiness.
Essay 4
A goal in life is everything we strive for throughout our lives. Each person has his own specific goal, for example: when a person is small, he set himself the goal that he will study well at school and he must achieve this no matter what, after school everyone strives to become someone: someone is a doctor who something police teacher and so on. Travel somewhere. But there is a dream - this is when a person just dreams, thinks, but realizes that this simply cannot be. And there is a goal, a certain one, to which a person should always strive. The goal is a certain kind of beacon, without which one cannot go anywhere in life. And achieve nothing.
I believe that the goal in life should be what a person wants for himself, what will help him become better and develop himself. The goal achieved is the end result of the goal. For example: at school we study in order to get a certificate, we enter technical schools and institutes in order to get a job to our liking. And all this time, a lot happens to a person good times, after all, everywhere, a person finds his comrades. But there are also bad situations.
Based on this, we can conclude that the path to the goal is as important as the goal itself. There are different goals, small, big, selfish, noble, but they all accompany us through life. When a person does not strive for anything, then he stops in development. Any new goal is to learn something new to master some skills to develop your abilities. But also very important point so that our goals do not harm those around us.
Personally, for example, I always set a goal for myself. I set a goal to finish school with an excellent student, I graduated, set a goal to unlearn as a laboratory assistant and work in the profession, the way it is. Now my goal is to go on vacation to Black Sea I will try to fulfill. People who live without a goal, they live in dreams and illusions, and this is very bad. Even if you set a goal for yourself and you don’t succeed, you don’t need to give up, but try again and again. All people must fight. Do not sit back and do nothing, but strive for something higher and better. Feel your heart and do as it tells you. Do not listen to other people's opinions that say you will not succeed. All people have great potential, it's just that each person is prone to his own. You need to be yourself and strive for your goal.
Lesson plan on the topic: "The purpose and meaning of human life"
Goals:
1. Students' awareness of the goals that give a person the meaning of life.
2. Understanding the difference between material and non-material goals.
3. Awareness of one's own goals and aspirations.
Tasks: the formation of research skills of students, the ability to work with information, presenting the results in various forms; development of intellectual-creative and emotional-figurative thinking.
Organizational forms: independent group activity based on the results of a promising homework; research. main form of organization learning activities students is to work in small groups, active and interactive teaching methods and techniques prevail: "field of problems", "analyst", etc.
Expected results:
Personal:
Development of moral consciousness and competence in solving moral problems based on personal choice, the formation of moral feelings and moral behavior, a conscious and responsible attitude to one's own actions;
Formation of tolerance as a norm of a conscious and benevolent attitude towards another person, his opinion, worldview, culture, language, faith, civic position.
Metasubject:
Ability to plan ways to achieve goals based on an independent analysis of the conditions and means to achieve them;
Formation of the ability to independently and reasonably evaluate their actions and the actions of classmates;
The ability to build logical reasoning, including the establishment of cause-and-effect relationships, to draw conclusions;
The ability to work in a group - possession of self-presentation skills, the ability to effectively cooperate and interact based on the coordination of various positions in the development common solution in joint activities; the ability to listen to a partner, to formulate and argue their opinion.
Ability to see cultural connections
During the classes
Organizational stage (1 min.) Hello guys! I am glad to see you and I am sure that we will cooperate fruitfully in today's lesson!
The teacher invites the children to write an essay “Autobiography of the Future”: - I want to offer you a small but exciting task. It will be a bit like writing. You are probably all familiar with the word "biography". Its exact meaning is biography. An autobiography is a description of one's life. An autobiography usually needs to be written when applying for a job or entering an institute.
It should contain brief and accurate information about the main stages of a person's life path. Today you will try to write an “autobiography of the future”. Look ahead a little. Think and dream.
Try to answer such questions.
1. How do you see your life from now to 2020?
2. What will be your education, profession?
3. Do you have a family, children?
4. Financial situation?
5. What is the main pride in the past years?
There should be a blank piece of paper in front of the teenager. It is not necessary to sign it, but if the student wants, he can write his first and last name.
The supporting questions above should be written on the board.
I. Discussion of the essays “Autobiography of the Future”
The teacher talks about the generalized results of the essays:
1. What life achievements are most valued by students?
2. What do boys value more than girls?
3. Are students' dreams spiritual or unspiritual, selfish or altruistic?
Students express their opinion, give arguments in defense of certain life values.
P. Identification of goals that people can strive for in life
On the desk:
A good education
Good job and career
A happy family
Glory
money, wealth
friendship
Achievements in art, music, sports
Respect and admiration of others
Science as knowledge of the new
Good health
Self-confidence and self-respect
good food
beautiful clothes, Jewelry
Power or position
nice house apartment
Preservation of life and nature on Earth
Happiness of loved ones
welfare of the state
Exercise 1. Copy this list in your notebook. Break into pairs and, while discussing this list, choose those aspirations over which, in your opinion, the person has no control. Opposite each aspiration, put the appropriate mark - “powerful” or “powerless”.
Task 2. Reading carefully each of the aspirations, note which of them are material and which are intangible. Place a checkmark next to each aspiration in your notebook. Work in pairs.
Note. Before completing this task, you need to explain to students the meaning of the words “material” and “immaterial”.
Material is that which can be seen, touched, or somehow perceived by the senses; can demonstrate or prove the fact of existence.
The intangible cannot be touched and therefore cannot be verified; nevertheless, it exists.
Task 3. Write down separately five goals that you would like to achieve in life. Students complete the task.
Teacher. In the list provided, material values money, good food, beautiful clothes, jewelry, good flat, good health.
The rest of the goals that motivate activity and make life meaningful are intangible.
It is clear enough that people should live in warmth and cleanliness, eat well, but if life is subordinated to the satisfaction of only these needs, happiness will be short-lived. If a person is full, no food will make him happier. Physical needs are not difficult to satisfy - only greed is insatiable. But they should not be completely rejected. Let everyone eat exactly as much as necessary - greed and licentiousness should not guide a person.
Disagreements have arisen over which aspirations a person has power over, and over which he does not. Someone believes that the achievement of almost each of the listed goals is in his power. Someone, on the contrary, relies more on circumstances than on himself.
In fact, the question of what plays a big role - the will of a person or the circumstances of life - is not an easy one, debatable. Philosophers, journalists, writers talk about it. And each person independently seeks the answer to it. In accordance with it, a life position is formed: active or passive, which significantly determines the success of a person’s activity and life.
We can conclude that the influence of external circumstances on the results of activities cannot be denied, they must be taken into account, reckoned with. But active position when a person takes responsibility for achieving the goals set, is more fruitful. Such people are more successful in life and achieve great success.
Next, the general opinion of the group about what goals are the most important in life is clarified. Students look at the lists of goals: written on the board and those goals that they personally chose (task 3). A survey is conducted and it turns out what is most important for each student (five selected goals). Repeated items are marked on the board with asterisks.
Then the teacher explains what is the purpose and meaning of life.
The goal is a mental guideline towards which the deeds and actions of a person aspire. The meaning of life is seen through the rationality and awareness of life. If a person imagines the direction of his life path, consciously builds a hierarchy of values, correctly determines his capabilities and strives for their realization, he thereby sets the meaning of his existence. Philosophy has developed three main answers to the question "what is the meaning of human life (?)":
1) Mankind has no purpose, it is a mistake of nature. Man is always left with an insoluble question about the meaning of his being, for his being is meaningless. This philosophy is called existentialism. Conclusion: life is meaningless. Man, against his will, is thrown both into this world and into his destiny. He lives in an alien world, life is deeply irrational, because suffering prevails in life, people are corrupted, mutilated by their existence. Trouble lurks at every turn. The most important concept is fear, accompanied by melancholy, longing, despair. Man feels disharmony between what he is and what he should be. Man's task is not to change the world, but to change his attitude towards it. A free man is responsible for everything he does, and does not justify his actions by circumstances.
2) Theological point of view: the purpose of man in the world has a non-biological meaning. One should believe in an immortal soul, liberated from the body and attached to infinity.
3) The human desire for infinity is satisfied by the identification of the individual person with society. The concrete person dies, and the society continues to exist. The meaning of life is to serve the community.
The meaning of human life:
1) Every person should strive to preserve and reproduce life.
2) The meaning of life is in life itself.
3) A person must supplement biological existence with socially significant one. Human activity must be demanded, recognized and positively evaluated by other people.
III. Reflection Interview technique “What was the main thing in life”
The teacher invites the students to conduct an interview. They are divided into pairs: one takes the role of a reporter, the other - the interviewee. At the same time, one must imagine that the person being interviewed is a very elderly person. He turned 80, and maybe 90 years old, but despite this, he has an absolutely normal mindset. All life behind.
The reporter wants to study the life achievements and accomplishments of this person.
Students sit in pairs and take turns interviewing each other. Reporters should take notes so they can tell the class about their interview.
Interview Questions
1. What was the most important thing in your life for you?
2. What personal quality has helped you the most in difficult
situations?
3. What helped and what hindered in your life the creation
close relationships with other people?
4. What have you done for your family?
5. How has nature changed? What got better and what got worse?
6. Have you experienced any environmental disasters?
7. Do you think that if people do not change their attitude
to nature, then humanity will perish due to the fact that energy resources will be exhausted, and the polluted planet itself will become
unfit for life?
8. Have you made any contribution to the conservation of nature and life
on the ground?
Students can optionally add a few more questions to this interview.
Discussion follows.
To create an atmosphere for a group discussion, you can ask the following questions.
1. What are the goals that most people strive to achieve - material or spiritual in nature?
2. Are there any similarities in the answers to the questions?
3. Is there any commonality of views on things that are most important and significant in people's lives?
As a result of the discussion, students come to the conclusion that, despite the fact that different people have different views on life, the main values of human life have a spiritual meaning. For example, starting a family and raising children are essential for people of different cultures and times. An important problem of our time is the preservation of the flora and fauna of the Earth, which is on the verge of death. The existence of the next generations of people due to environmental problems is under big question.
Either option 2
Compose a syncwine on the topic "The Meaning of Life":
1 line - topic or subject (1 noun)
2 line - description of the subject (2 adjectives)
3rd line - description of the action (2 verbs)
4 line - a phrase expressing attitude to the subject
Line 5 - synonyms, expanding or generalizing the meaning of the topic or subject (1 word)
Or Essay (referring to the epigraph) How is the meaning of life reflected in the character of a person and his actions?