How to build a hozblok do-it-yourself drawings. Do-it-yourself hozblok for a summer residence: types and an example of construction. Installation rules for this building
At first glance, it seems that building a barn is easy. I chose a picture I liked on the Internet or drawings of a vending hozblok - and build yourself to your health. Moreover, you can make a barn from timber, using frame technology, or even stone - from brick or aerated concrete. But, behind the seeming lightness lies the main "pitfall". The shed from the picture is not yours, but "that guy." Will it suit you, will it be convenient to use this outbuilding, will it fit everything that is intended? You will learn the answers to these questions, and more, from our article. Namely:
- What is the shed for?
- How to determine the optimal size of an outbuilding.
- How to turn a barn into a multifunctional building.
- From what and on what foundation are hozbloks built.
How to start building a barn
Often the barn is the first building that is erected on the site, at the stage of the beginning of the construction of the house, or even before that. To hide tools, building materials, shelter from the weather or spend the night - in everything, the "shed" becomes an indispensable and universal assistant.
After the site is inhabited, tools and equipment are stored in the outbuilding, which is necessary for caring for the garden and vegetable garden.
They drag snow-removing equipment, lawn mowers, building materials that remained after the construction of the cottage. And often - everything that is a pity to throw out or is planned to be left “for later”, because everything goes into business with a zealous owner.
It is not surprising that over time, the barn turns into a "trash bin", clogged with a mass of necessary and unnecessary things. If it is easier for the owner to go to the market and buy the wrench or hardware needed on the farm than to find them in the household block, then something needs to be done about it. And you need to start in advance, even before the start of the construction of the barn, having correctly designed it and calculated the optimal dimensions.
MAKS001 Member of FORUMHOUSE
I have brick house per 200 sq. m and an ordinary change house measuring 6x3 meters. One day I realized that the change house, which had been in operation for 3 years, had outlived its usefulness. I sold it and thought about what to do with the instrument and other things pulled out of it. Decided to build a barn. At this stage, I made a fatal mistake - I consulted with my wife about the dimensions of the outbuilding. As a result of lengthy negotiations, during which the spouse did not see the point in building something big, we came to a common denominator - a small utility block, approximately 2.5x3 meters + high ceilings.
We will immediately show what happened to the user.
The problem is that all the beautiful "pictures" of the correct placement of things in the barn crashed on the reefs of harsh reality a year later. Racks and shelves were crammed with various "junk", and free space practically gone.
When asked what to do with it, the user found the only correct answer - to attach another ... shed to the barn. According to MAX001, a headache can be avoided if you immediately build an outbuilding of normal size. And so I had to buy another iron door, build walls, and further down the list.
But now everything fits in the barn.
Although there is an opinion that the larger the barn, the more it can be cluttered up, there are minimum dimensions below which it is not worth building. Otherwise, everything will have to be thrown to the ceiling, stuffing the barn like a shopping bag. There will never be order in the hozblok. The starting point for calculating the dimensions of the hozblok is the physical dimensions of the things that you are going to store there.
Ironka FORUMHOUSE Member
My mother in the country built a barn measuring only 9 square meters. m. As a result: now you can only stand in the middle. Moreover, nothing large, in the form of some special equipment, is stored there. Only a bicycle, greenhouse films, choppers, axes, saws, nails and various small things. I think that building a barn is less than 15-18 square meters. m is not worth it. So there will still be room in reserve.
MAX001
My barn is about 12 sq. m. saves that the ceilings are high, you can put racks. I even use a place between the rafters - I filled the bars and store folding country furniture there, and in the summer - skis.
In addition, the functionality of the shed was increased by the user by mounting a shed for a firewood shed on the outside (stone) wall, where about 2 cubes of logs can now be stored.
Cosolapyj Member of FORUMHOUSE
I decided to build a Barnhouse style barn because the number of tools and different equipment exceeded all reasonable limits. It is not possible to store everything compactly, so the barn will have the appropriate dimensions - 8x18 meters, on the UWB.
During construction outbuildings the user recommends adhering to the principle “do a little more than you can afford at once, and you won’t have to redo it longer.”
Let's add what's in the shed Cosolapyj plans to equip a workshop, make a water connection for a car wash, and also (eventually) install an ATV and a garden grader.
We also give plans for the barn.
From left to right: a storage room and a place for a grader, in the middle - a workshop, on the left - a shed.
How to calculate the optimal dimensions of the barn and turn it into a universal hozblok
As can be seen from the above, under the word "barn" each developer means his own building. In one case, you need a small hozblok for storing garden tools and various little things, and in the other, the barn grows to the size of a house. But there is one nuance that unites them. It's ease of use.
The barn should be practical, which means it is made for specific needs.
Therefore, instead of taking the dimensions of the shed from the Internet or from a neighbor, it is better to decide for yourself what you need the shed for and what you plan to store in it.
There are many options for such planning. For example, at the initial stage of construction in the barn, it is necessary to place a tool, some building materials, and equip sleeping places.
In the future, the shed can also be transformed from just a “pantry” on the site - to become a workshop, as well as a place to store firewood or pellets.
Or it can turn into a "garage" for storing various equipment - a motor cultivator, lawn mower, vibrorammer, snow blower, etc.
Any summer resident has a basic set of tools and agricultural equipment, without which one cannot do on the site. It is from this list that we must build on when calculating the minimum dimensions of the barn.
For example, to store a simple set of garden tools - shovels, rakes, axes, choppers, small shovels, saws, brooms - you can take 2 square meters. m.
If you plan to actively engage in a garden and store fertilizers, greenhouse materials in the shed, increase the area to 3-4 square meters. m.
If you have electric tools: a gas trimmer, a pressure washer, garden pumps, hoses, sets of ordinary tools, you need even more space - 5 or more square meters.
Practice shows that the average and the optimal value for an outbuilding can be taken as dimensions of 3x6 meters with a height of 2.5 m.
In this case, it will be possible to place lengthy building materials in the barn - boards and fittings. Arrange a small workplace for a home master, put up racks for storing hardware and a variety of household items.
When building a barn, do not forget about arranging a small terrace with a canopy, where you can work outside in bad weather or just relax, sitting at the table in the evening.
An important stage is the zoning of the barn. To do this, we divide the building into a number of rooms - blocks, each of which stores its own. For example, "dirty" things - a garden wheelbarrow, shovels, rakes, spades, watering hoses, i.e. what is necessary for working with the earth, it is better not to drag it to the outbuilding, but place it on the side in a small compartment with separate doors.
So these tools will always be at hand and you won’t have to sweep / wipe the floor in the barn every time, cleaning sand, black soil, fertilizers or clay.
We allocate space for the desktop, shelves with carpentry and metalwork tools and storage places for bolts, nuts, nails, screws, etc.
rule: what is required first of all and most often, we put closer to the entrance. What is used rarely or depending on the season can be located in the back of the barn against the far wall.
If you plan to store long materials in the barn, then the door, for the convenience of dragging them in, should not be done in the middle of the building, but on the side - on the right or left, or at the end. If you do not “be greedy” at the height of the barn, then the attic can also become the best place to store the remnants of fittings, boards, plywood, pipes.
Those. everything that is not needed often, but if necessary, can be easily obtained. In addition, even before construction, we think over whether the barn will be insulated. In our climatic conditions, this will allow working in a farm building in late autumn and winter.
Hozblok: design options and construction features
Experienced developers are well aware that it is better to learn from the mistakes of others so as not to make jambs in their construction. To do this, it is best to study the experience of portal users who have already built sheds and change houses. Therefore, in this part of the article, we have collected illustrative examples of practical household blocks.
What materials can a barn be built from? The experience of our users testifies: from any. It all depends on the budget and the intended design. Everything is being used, they are erecting from wooden budget household blocks standing on, to capital buildings made of brick or aerated concrete. In any case, you should start with the development of a plan, and ideally a project. An illustrative example of a portal member with a nickname AlexanderFJTI.
AlexanderFJTI FORUMHOUSE User
It all started with the fact that I conceived the construction of an economic complex - combining a barn, a terrace and a bathhouse under one roof. Construction began with a layout. I bought rails in a store and, together with my son, built a model of a multi-shed in the winter.
Note that the barn was built according to one of the most common technologies used for the construction of such objects - frame. Screw piles were used as the foundation.
AlexanderFJTI
21 piles were driven by a team of three people by hand. They worked very quickly. The piles were cut to the water level, the shaft was filled with a cement-sand mortar, and a head was welded on top and everything was painted. Then I started building the frame. And here's what happened in the end.
To save on the services of a construction team, it is better to build a barn on your own, and use the experience gained when building a house.
Another approach was taken goshapiter.
Goshapiter Member of FORUMHOUSE
I had a barn on the site, which my grandfather built back in 2001. The building has served faithfully all these years, but it has become "cramped" for the entire economy stored there. In addition, it was worn out, so I decided to build a new one from non-removable polystyrene foam formwork. Dimensions from the inside - 4800x3600 mm. The roof is flexible tiles.
As a foundation, the user erected a "ribbon", in the perimeter of which, from the inside, a slab was poured.
In this embodiment, the slab is at the same time the finished subfloor of the barn. In addition, the problem of possible rotting of the wooden floor falls off. You can also, without fear of a "trampoline", put heavy racks in the shed, a table with tools, machines and a vice.
From the inside, the utility block was trimmed with OSB boards, which were fixed on the rails from the drywall attachment. Outside used siding.
Goshapiter
Everything fit in the barn - bicycles, garden motor vehicles, tiles left over from the construction of the house. The construction took 1.5 months. It would have turned out faster if it weren’t for the “wet” concrete work.
Another example of an unusual barn - hozblok Dmitr173, folded from homemade grooved boards.
Dmitry173 Member of FORUMHOUSE
I'm like any owner suburban area thought about building a barn. It should accommodate: a small workshop, the wife needs a corner for storing garden and garden supplies. In addition, I would like to build something original - for the soul.
After compiling the TOR and going through several options, the user decided to build a barn from a grooved board. The foundation is a proven and relatively budgetary MZLF (shallow strip foundation).
To maximize the use of natural light, a transparent polycarbonate insert is provided in the roof of the barn.
No one Vacation home or a cottage cannot do without a shed for storing garden tools, various equipment. We invite you to find out how to build a barn with your own hands with a shed roof in stages. To do this, you must follow certain recommendations from the videos and diagrams of experienced gardeners.
Do-it-yourself barn construction step by step
The first step is to choose a place to place a frame outbuilding with a shed or gable roof. It is best to choose a place where the soil is not suitable for beds. A wooden shed cannot be placed on garden paths and car passages. The best option would be to place them at some distance, near the landings. The entrance to the barn should allow you to easily place overall equipment.
The next step is to clear the place of debris and grass for the construction of a barn with your own hands. The upper part of the soil is cut off twenty centimeters. The roots are removed, everything is aligned.
Before further work, the necessary material and tools are prepared. As lumber for construction frame shed with a shed roof, the second - third grade of wood is suitable, so it is cheap and will reduce construction costs.
For the construction of a frame wooden shed, it is taken:
- timber for frame construction 10 by 10 cm;
- for rafters board 5 by 15 cm;
- for sheathing - board 4 by 15 cm;
- for the crate, unedged wood is needed.
- for moisture protection - film and roofing material.
- for the roof - corrugated board, metal tiles, soft tiles.
- for concrete - gravel (crushed stone), river sand and of course cement.
- for fastening nails or self-tapping screws, steel corners.
Tools for the construction of a wooden frame shed in the country will need the following:
- screwdriver;
- electric drill;
- electric planer;
- jigsaw;
- saw.
For outbuildings, even from wood, only a columnar type of foundation is always erected. Crushed stone and gravel pillow is not suitable for this purpose.
Step 1. First of all, the markup for the pillars is done. The spans must be less than 1.5 meters.
Step 2. The pillars are placed at the corners of the future building, along the perimeter inside it.
Step 3 Holes are dug 0.5 meters deep.
Step 4 Formwork is built to a height of 0.3 meters.
Step 5 A sand and gravel mixture is poured at the bottom.
Step 6 Reinforcement is placed, concrete is poured.
Step 7. Boards for the barn are treated with an antiseptic and refractory varnish.
After 4 days, the concrete hardens, then the formwork is removed from the foundation for the future barn. A two-layer roofing material is distributed on the pillars. A rectangular shape from a bar is mounted at the top. The ends are connected with steel brackets. Vertically arranged racks are exposed. Fastened with steel corners. One front wall of the barn needs to be built higher. The entrance is scheduled according to step by step instructions and drawings.
Logs for the floor are connected to the sweat, and then they are closed with tongue-and-groove or edged boards. Beams for floors are laid, vertical beams go on top, which are fastened with steel brackets, corners.
Watch the video: How to build a do-it-yourself barn with a shed roof in stages
How to make a roof for a barn with your own hands
When all the stages of construction have been completed, you can start building a shed roof for a wooden shed with your own hands. For high-quality protection of the barn from the weather, a multilayer cake is made. The upper frame harness acts as a Mauerlat.
The length of the rafter legs should be equal to the distance from one to the other slope. 0.5 meters are added to the overhangs on each side. One leg is made for the pattern, and others are made according to it. Notches are made on all parts for fastening to frame beams.
- Rafter legs are installed with a span of no more than 80 centimeters and are fixed with metal corners or nails.
- The waterproofing is overlapped and fixed with a stapler or small nails.
A crate is made from an unedged board. - When using a soft roof, the lathing becomes more frequent.
- The roofing material is fixed with galvanized self-tapping screws with a rubber head specially designed for this purpose. When screwing in such self-tapping screws, the cap flattens and closes the hole.
- The frame is sewn up with processed boards.
- Doors with windows are installed.
- The final finishing of the premises is being carried out.
In the outbuilding there is a countertop, wall shelves. - The outer part of the barn, if desired, is closed with siding.
- The facade of a wooden barn can be painted with enamel. It is necessary to refresh the coating after five years.
Useful video: Do-it-yourself frame shed-workshop for a week
Subject to the stages of construction, it is possible in a short time build a wooden shed with a pitched roof, without which not a single country resident or summer resident can do.
In order for the summer cottage to be well-groomed and tidy, you will definitely have to work hard on it, taking care of the plants and ennobling the entire landscape. Accordingly, in the country it is extremely necessary to build a barn in which all tools, work clothes and shoes, and important garden tools will be stored.
In this case, the barn can become an extension to an existing capital building or be built on a separate, independent foundation. The choice of option depends on the area and topography of a particular site, as well as on the personal wishes of the owners.
PlasticsPlastic shed
The lightest and most mobile sheds are plastic. It takes no more than two hours to assemble them. At the same time, there is no question of pouring the foundation. However, this option is not economically most profitable, and it cannot be considered as a capital facility for year-round storage of tools.
Video - Plastic shed
With wood-polymer composite sheathing, they are practical (you can drill plates and attach hooks, light shelves), light weight and quick installation. WPC is a fairly durable material that can withstand significant loads. Such a barn will perfectly fit into the landscape of a summer cottage, and with properly equipped ventilation, it will last a very long time.
Shed made of bricks or blocks the most reliable, durable and convenient. Such a barn is not afraid of seasonal changes, precipitation of any nature, and it is not easy for intruders to penetrate into a capital structure. However, the construction of a brick shed implies a series of lengthy labor-intensive work and knowledge of building walls, pouring a monolithic foundation-slab. From the financial side, a brick building is 20-40% inferior to a frame shed, the construction of which will be discussed later.
Draw a plan of your site, mark the existing buildings, trees, footpaths. Choose a place for the shed so that it is equally convenient to get tools for work, bring and get firewood, and in the event of a sudden start of rain, you do not have to run across the entire plot to hide any garden accessories.
It is also undesirable to build a barn above the place of underground laying of sewer or water pipes, buried electrical cables and in the immediate vicinity of the outdoor toilet.
In the process of choosing a place to place a barn, draw up a plan that will indicate:
Foundation for a shed
Since the frame structure weighs relatively little, the columnar foundation for it is the most acceptable option.
Making markup
We stock up on a cord, a tape measure, sharp pegs, a hammer, a barn plan and set off to make markings.
Hammer the pegs into the ground. We stretch the cord between the stakes. We make measurements with a tape measure. The diagonals of the marked rectangle must be equal.
Laying the foundation
Step one. We dig rectangular holes for posts. For a shed 3x6 meters, the optimal quantity is 15 pcs.
Pits size:
- depth - 30 cm;
- perimeter approximately 300 x 300 mm.
If desired, you can get by with only nine columns, but in this case, you will need to lay a more massive beam of the lower trim and a floor joist.
Step two. Pour a mixture of sand and gravel into the holes. The thickness of the pillow is 10-15 cm. We spill it with water and ram.
Step three. We drive iron bars strictly vertically into the center of each hole.
Step four. We lay out the columns of bricks. For 15 columns, approximately 8 bags of mortar, 25 kg each, will be required. We check the columns for horizontality and alignment using a hydraulic level and a tape measure. If horizontal deviations are noticed, then we eliminate them with a layer of cement mortar.
Step five. When the cement dries, we plaster the posts with any mixture for outdoor work. This will protect the brick from moisture and make the foundation of the shed outwardly more aesthetic. We cover the underground part of the foundation with bituminous mastic. This will significantly extend the life of the foundation.
Step six. We fill up all the pits with brick columns with sand and carefully ram it.
For the lower strapping, you will need a beam with a section of 100 x 100 mm and boards for a subfloor 40 mm thick. If the foundation columns were built not 15, but 9, a timber 150 x 150 mm thick and a board 50 mm thick should be prepared.
Important! Before laying, we treat all wooden elements with impregnation with fire and bioprotective properties, and we lay double pieces of roofing material glued with bitumen on the posts.
We cut the beams to the required length. We cut the ends of the beams in half the thickness for joining (the “half-tree” method). We drill holes with a diameter of 20 mm and insert dowels into each connection.
You will need beams 3 meters long for the front wall and 2.2 meters for the back.
Do not forget about checking all the elements of the frame for evenness.
In total, 13 beams should be installed: 5 each for the front and rear walls and 3 for supporting the floor (the height of the central beams is 2.2 m).
Top harness
At this stage, it is necessary to prepare 2 beams 6 meters long. In each beam we make cuts “in half a tree” for laying on vertical beams.
We install goats, lay beams, fasten vertical and horizontal elements with metal corners and self-tapping screws.
Before laying the transverse beams (3 pieces 3 m long), we fasten the metal corners to the vertical supports. We lay transverse beams horizontally on these corners, fix the structure with self-tapping screws.
We cut the boards along the length of the barn (6 m) and fasten them to the logs with self-tapping screws. We make cuts in the appropriate places.
To begin with, we take measurements. Using a tape measure, we calculate the length of the rafters, taking into account the allowance for a canopy of 20-30 cm above the facade and the back wall of the barn.
In total, we will prepare 12 rafters from a board with a thickness of 40 mm, one of which will serve as a template for making the rest.
On the rafters we make cuts that will not allow the roof to slide down. We put each rafter in place. We screw in the screws and drive in a nail 20 cm long from above.
Roof and wind protection installation
We take boards 25x150 mm and 6 meters long, fasten them as a crate to the rafters. We fasten the board with nails, driving in 2 pcs. into each rafter. The step between the boards is 150 mm.
We insert a vertical bar between the extreme rafters and the horizontal beams of the upper trim and screw the screws obliquely for fixing.
We sheathe the parts of the rafters protruding above the walls with boards from all sides. We fasten the boards on the side and from below under the rafters to the overhangs.
As a finishing roofing, it is better to choose materials with low weight, for example, ondulin (euro slate), metal tiles or corrugated board. Together with the coating, we purchase nails with decorative caps.
We lay a layer of waterproofing on the crate, which can be roofing material. We fix it with a construction stapler.
We start laying euroslate from the lower right corner of the barn, moving in rows to the very top of the roof slope. It is very important to carefully align the first sheet of ondulin so that subsequently the entire coating does not skew. We leave the overhang of the ondulin over the boards of the batten 5-8 cm on each side of the roof. We drive nails into the crests of the euroslate exactly in the places where the boards of the crate pass.
For rough sheathing, we prepare OSB boards. We cut the necessary window and door openings, fasten the plates to the beams with self-tapping screws. At the same time, we fix the plates in such a way as to completely hide the beams of the lower trim. We screw in the screws in increments of 30 cm, retreating from the edge of the plates by 10 cm. We fasten the plates at the bottom and top of the barn by screwing in the screws every 10 cm.
Be sure to leave a technological gap of 3-5 mm between the plates. We make sure that the joints of adjacent plates fall on the beams.
When the barn is completely sheathed, we begin to attach the windproof membrane using a furniture stapler. We stretch adjacent canvases with an overlap of up to 15 cm.
We fasten to the walls of the barn a crate of thin rails. We put mineral wool slabs into the cells of the crate. Warming the barn will allow you not to worry about your belongings and tools left in the country for the whole winter.
On top of the mineral wool, we horizontally fasten another layer of vapor and moisture protection. The walls of the barn are ready for sheathing with wooden boards or other siding. Before attaching the siding, we vertically nail thin strips to the frame. This will provide the necessary clearance needed to ventilate the front of the barn.
Video - Wall insulation with mineral wool
From the inside, the floor of the barn should also be insulated by laying logs, a layer of waterproofing film, mineral wool and installing a fine floor covering.
Decorate the walls from the inside to your taste. Nail shelves, tool holders, equip a firewood shed. This shed will serve you for a very long time.
Video - Do-it-yourself shed for a summer residence
Your summer cottage is your place of comfort. In order to provide this comfort, considerable strength and, of course, the right tool will be required. Surely, many of you are engaged in work in the garden or in your own garden. It is necessary to serve the territory of different sizes in each of the seasons. Therefore, the question arises quite logically - where, after all, to store the tool and all kinds of equipment? It is possible to solve this shortcoming with the help of the construction of a special building designed for this, namely, a shed for a summer residence.
There are a huge number of ways to implement this building. Depending on your needs and planned economic costs, type of terrain and soil, the barn can be assembled from different materials, as well as act as an extension to a residential building or a separate structure. Decide on the material before building, as sheds can be made from a variety of materials. Possible options implementations are discussed below.
plastic shed
Very easy to organize. Full installation is done in a few hours. A plastic shed for a summer residence can only serve to store equipment and tools during a certain seasonal period (it is not suitable for storage in the cold season). Despite all the positive aspects, there are several nuances - the option is quite expensive and not strong enough.
A fairly practical option for a barn due to the fact that the material is durable and, in turn, lightweight, which allows you to build in a short time. Inside such a barn, you can fasten shelves or mount hooks designed for light weight. In addition, such a shed has an attractive aesthetic appearance, which allows it to fit into almost any country interior. When building your storage from WPC, take care of ventilation - proper ventilation will ensure the long service life of the structure itself.
Made from wood-polymer compositeFrom blocks or bricks
Building a brick shed in the country with your own hands is a significant guarantee of many years of service. This is a powerful option that is not affected by weather and precipitation. Installation, subject to hand-made work, will require you to have certain skills and knowledge regarding the construction of walls and pouring the foundation. Plus, it's an expensive option. Considering the foregoing, consider the construction option correctly, in the absence of skills, use the services of specialists.
Brick shed
Barn from foam blocks
A wooden shed for a summer residence is the easiest organization option and the most economical. It does not require the installation of a foundation; if desired, it can be sheathed with roofing material. An uncut board is overlapped on the support bars, after which the roof is mounted, that's all. This option is quite plain and is used in almost every country house.
Barn from uncut boardConstruction plan
Before you build a barn in the country with your own hands, you need to carry out several preliminary operations. First, draw a plan of your barn, taking into account all the buildings and plantings surrounding it. The location of the shed should be practical, access to it should be as convenient as possible from almost anywhere in the site (this is necessary for the case when you need to quickly remove the tool or firewood due to unforeseen precipitation).
When choosing a place, try to take into account the presence of sewer pipes, cables (electrical, underground laying), a toilet (street) and build your barn as far as possible from them.
Plan of a simple barnWhen making your plan, keep in mind:
- The size of the barn and its location on the site;
- Dimensions of windows and doors, their installation location;
- The place where the ventilation will be located;
- Drainage system.
Foundation for a frame shed
To make a shed for a summer residence with your own hands, the first step is to build its foundation - the foundation. To select the required type of foundation for a specific barn, you need to decide on the type of the latter. Given the light weight of the frame shed being erected, a columnar foundation is suitable.
The installation process of the foundation can be divided into several sequential steps:
Column FoundationIn order to carry out the lower strapping, it is necessary to stock up on wide-section bars (100x100 mm in the presence of 15 support pillars, and in the presence of 9, the thickness should be equal to 150x150 mm), as well as boards for rough floor installation (approximately 40 mm thick).
Do not forget to pre-treat all wooden parts of the building with a special antiseptic material with additives for fire resistance. Cover the pillars themselves with roofing material (preferably a double layer glued with bitumen).
We cut the bars to give them the required length. At the end of the bar, we cut off half of its thickness, which is necessary for connecting with the next bar.
Sawing beams at the ends in half to connect to the other end of the beam
beam-connection
Then, using a drill, we make holes (the diameter of each is 20 mm) and mount pins for each connection in them.
Installation of vertical supports
To organize the racks, bars of different lengths are needed (3 m for the front wall, and 2.2 m for the back). First, we try on each wooden support (bar rack) in the place of its future installation. From the end side, we drill a hole (0.2 - 0.22 cm). Next, the beam must be put on the dowel and fixed.
Fastening can be carried out using metal corners, screwed with self-tapping screws.
To give greater strength, we carry out additional fixation by installing rails. All elements must be level. In addition, for strength, it is also necessary to know the minimum number of vertical racks (for a 3x6 m shed, for example, their number should be six). The total number of beams in this case is exactly 13 (five pieces of different lengths for the front and rear walls and three beams for central mounting).
Top harness
We prepare 2 beams and at the ends of each we cut off half the thickness, as described earlier (this method of fastening is called "half a tree"). The length of the bars is 6 meters each. We take a ladder or a goat and, climbing up, mount the bars and fasten them using corners and self-tapping screws.
Upper harness - cross barsFloor installation
A fairly simple operation - boards of the desired length are screwed to the logs using self-tapping screws (do not forget to make cuts in the right places).
If you are going to store more powerful equipment than standard, you may need a concrete floor - you can do it by first organizing a pillow of sand and covering it with a layer of waterproofing. After, the reinforcement is attached and the pouring itself is carried out, followed by alignment.
Treat the concrete after hardening with a special impregnation if you want to avoid the absorption of various liquids.
Rafter organization
To make rafters, you need to know their length. To do this, we make the necessary measurements and calculations, taking into account the allowance of 20 cm necessary for the future canopy. Accounting is made above the rear wall of the building and above its facade. The total number of rafters is 12 (thickness is 40 mm). It is recommended to qualitatively perform one rafter, and the rest by its analogy. In addition to all of the above, it is necessary to make cuts to securely fix the roof.
Each of the rafters is attached to the proper place, followed by driving a 20 cm nail.
roof decking
For installation, boards of the following dimensions are required - 25x150 mm, the length is six meters. We fasten boards to pre-mounted rafters with nails (the distance between them should be 15 cm). Then, between the last rafters and the bars from the upper strapping, we fasten the bar vertically by diagonal drilling of self-tapping screws.
To make protection from the wind, it is enough just to sheathe the walls that go beyond the level, parts of the rafters. Sheathing is made of wooden flooring from the bottom and side. For the last stage of the roof, light materials for flooring are selected, a striking example is metal tile or corrugated board.
The laying procedure is as follows - we lay waterproofing on top of the crate (usually this is roofing material). After, from the right edge, moving towards the center, a metal tile is laid. Ondulin should hang 5-6 cm from each edge. Fixing is done with nails driven through the tiles into the boards.
wall cladding
To begin with, it is necessary to sheathe the walls with the help of OSB. Of course, do not forget to make doors and windows in the right places. OSB fastening is carried out using beams and self-tapping screws. The distance between each of the screwed screws should be about 30 cm, and the distance from the edge of the OSB sheet should be approximately 10 cm. When installing the skin, do not forget to leave a gap of 0.3-0.5 cm.
After the complete sheathing of the structure, we overlap it from a windproof material, and then we fasten thin slats that will form the corresponding cells for laying the mineral wool. Mineral wool necessary for the insulation of the barn, which will allow you to operate the building at any time of the year. For greater confidence, we lay a moisture-proof layer on top of the mineral wool and sheathe the barn with boards. If siding is being sheathed, it is necessary to pre-install thin rails that serve to provide ventilation.
Inside, the walls are finished according to the desire and taste of the owner. This type of barn is quite durable and, subject to the above instructions, will serve you for a very long time.
Watch a video about the construction of a frame barn.
The foam block barn option is durable, although it may suffer undesirable economic losses. This is due to the high cost of the material, but the foam blocks are durable and easy to install.
Construction of a barn from foam blocksThe construction of such a barn can be done with your own hands in several stages:
- Prepare the soil for future concrete. Remove grass, debris, cut the soil to half a meter.
- Pour the foundation (tape type), let the solution harden (fill in sunny weather, and after it make sure that the concrete does not dry out, for this, pour water over it at the right time).
- Put the roofing material on the finished foundation (for greater moisture resistance).
- Mix the solution for fixing foam blocks (cement and sand in a ratio of 1 to 4).
- We put foam blocks, having previously mounted the corners. During installation, we observe the level, all horizontal and vertical erections must be strictly perpendicular. Leave openings for windows and doors in the planned places.
- We make a roof. Almost any roofing material is suitable for this, for greater aesthetics, use a gable option for organizing the floor.
- The last steps are mounting doors and windows, we are engaged in flooring.
- We finish the walls outside and inside (outside - plastering, and inside - sheathing with drywall).
In order to make this building, you need some experience and knowledge. If not available, contact construction companies for help.
When planning the construction of a private house or cottage, it is important to provide for the presence of such an important building as a barn in the project. During the construction of housing, the utility block will serve as a good shelter for inventory, and at the end of all work it will be able to play the role of a pantry or chicken coop or become a reliable place to store firewood. Using various building materials and original projects, such a design is quite realistic to install on the land with your own hands.
Peculiarities
country life begins not only with the improvement of residential premises, but also a personal plot. Therefore, in order to provide convenient placement of things and keep the area clean, you will need a garden shed. Before building such a change house, the summer resident must decide what functions it will perform. If you plan a shed for a summer residence, which will only accommodate tools and garden tools, then you can erect a simple building without a foundation with windows and a good roof. In the same case, when the owners want to store hay in it, vegetables and fruits harvested for the winter, vehicles and keep poultry, then a more durable structure will be needed.
Since the barn will act as a separate building on the site, it will have to be registered after preparing all the necessary documents.
For the construction of utility blocks, the law provides for special standards, so they cannot be erected without obtaining permits from the sanitary and epidemiological services. In addition, it is worth considering that capital structures can shade the beds for neighboring area which will lead to conflicts. To avoid this, it is necessary to comply with the rules for placing a shed, according to which the distance from its borders to the passage and the borders from the side of the street must be at least 5 m. As for the distances within the site, outbuildings can be installed from houses not less than 3 m, other buildings - from 1 m, and from trees - 4 m.
The legislation also states that each owner of a land plot cannot infringe on the rights of neighbors. Therefore, the placement of the barn should be planned in such a way that it does not interfere with other summer residents in any way. Blocks without keeping birds and animals are recommended to be installed according to household and sanitary standards at a distance of 6 m from adjacent territories. Before registering a barn, you must also obtain permission from the fire department. To do this, representatives of the Ministry of Emergency Situations will go to the site and make an assessment of the plan and make a conclusion on the technical characteristics of the facility.
After all the documentation is in order, you can safely proceed to the construction and arrangement of the barn.
Design
Any construction begins with the design, and the installation of an economic unit is no exception. As a rule, at dachas, a change house is used not only for storing tools and things, but also serves as a separate room for a shower and a bathroom. Therefore, depending on the purpose of the barn, the owners need to provide for the installation of windows and doors in the future building. The simplest is the project of structures from boards with assembly, but there are also many options using other building materials. Before drawing up the drawings of the barn, you should decide on its size and location.
It is also important to take into account whether the construction will be capital or temporary, which will help to avoid all kinds of extensions in the future. On medium-sized plots, barn projects with a size of 2 × 3 m and a height of 2.4 m are usually chosen.
Plank structures are considered an economical option for construction; they are installed within a week and can be easily dismantled. If a permanent economic block is planned, then it is best to give preference to brick buildings. They are strong, durable, but their construction is expensive.
In addition, at the design stage, it is necessary to resolve the issue of laying the foundation. The lack of a base can lead to rapid rotting of the floors, due to which the life of the barn will decrease. If, according to the project, a cellar is placed under the barn, then the foundation must be installed. For this, a drawing of the main and underground structure is drawn up.
layout
The barn is a simple structure, so it is quite possible to build it yourself. In order for the outbuilding to harmoniously fit into landscape design and served as a convenient place to place things, before installing it, you need to properly think over the layout and make drawings, taking into account the following nuances:
- The building is best placed in the background of the site so that it is not visible from the main entrance to the courtyard.
- The location of the building is chosen so that it does not restrict access to other buildings.
- To protect the structure from rain and melt water, it should be erected on a hill.
- Planning options need to be considered before construction work begins. If the barn is additionally equipped with a summer kitchen, play area or a workshop, in which case it is advisable to make two separate entrances.
- If the utility block will only act as a place to store inventory, then it is enough to put a small collapsible shed on the site and sheathe it with siding or clapboard.
- When planning a structure, you should choose the appropriate type of roof for it. Usually it is made single or double.
- The location of the doors and the roof slope should be determined before construction, otherwise precipitation will flow directly above the entrance.
In the event that the area of \u200b\u200bthe site allows, then it is possible to build a spacious shed, the layout of which would include not only a spacious pantry, but also a shower with a bathroom. This will allow you to rationally store tools, garden tools and take a shower after working in the beds.
Kinds
Depending on the design features, the barn can be permanent or temporary. Country buildings, which are planned to be used on a permanent basis, as a rule, are erected in such a way that they fit beautifully into the general appearance of the site and resemble a residential building. Such mini-houses perfectly decorate the landscape design, since the same building materials are used to decorate their walls and roofs as for the main house. The capital barn must be durable, so it is installed on the foundation. In this regard, for this type of buildings, it is important to choose the right location, because after installation it is problematic to transfer them.
The foundation for the capital barn is selected taking into account the material of its walls and the type of soil on the site. As a rule, a columnar, shallowly buried, monolithic and strip foundation can act as a reliable foundation. As for the walls, aerated concrete blocks are considered an excellent option for them, which are easy to install and are light in weight. In addition, many craftsmen for exterior decoration use frame technologies, sheathing the walls with decorated corrugated board, clapboard or siding.
If a budget barn is being built, then concrete blocks are suitable for it.
The roof of permanent structures is usually covered with ondulin. This sheet material is in great demand, as it is characterized by excellent performance properties and is available in various colors. Traditionally, these types of sheds are built with a toilet or shower.
No less popular with summer residents are modular designs that have a collapsible look. They are placed mainly in small areas or when the construction of a residential building is not completed and further planning of the territory is to be done. Temporary sheds are built as soon as possible from improvised materials. Since the design is simple, it is possible to build it yourself, without resorting to the help of specialists.
The dimensions of the block are selected depending on the number of items that are planned to be stored in it. Usually these are small sheds 2 × 2 or 3 × 3 m in size. Their design is made of a frame, choosing wood as a sheathing. This allows quick disassembly and assembly. As for interior decoration, then the walls are often left unsheathed, since the structure is designed for a short service life.
How to choose?
The main components of any suburban area is a house, a garage, a gazebo and, of course, a barn. These facilities are necessary for comfortable living outside the city, so they must be included in the plan of the territory. When the area of the site allows, then household objects are built separately, but if the place is small, then they are often combined to build a barn. In such situations, it combines at the same time a pantry, a shower room and a small toilet, options for outbuildings with a firewood shed are also possible. Therefore, the layout and design of the barn must be chosen even before construction begins.
The outbuilding should be placed in such a way that it is located behind the house, next to the boundary of the site. To hide it from neighboring views, it is recommended to mask it with vertical gardening.
You can also choose the original type of building and install it close to the house. Dimensions and appearance sheds are selected not only taking into account the area of the backyard territory, but also its general design.
The simplest option for giving is considered to be ready-made utility blocks that have a prefabricated type of construction. They are a monoblock structure consisting of a metal frame. The walls of such a barn are sheathed with metal and additionally insulated. Since electrical wiring is carried out inside the building, the structure can be used as a multifunctional unit, including a place to relax, a small storage room, a shower room and a toilet. In addition, some prefabricated models have a folding canopy that allows you to install a veranda.
Ready-made sheds are considered beneficial for a summer cottage, they are quickly assembled, inexpensive and take up little space. For the installation of a container structure, it is not necessary to lay a foundation, it is enough to get by with monoblocks or a columnar base. The only thing to consider is that when buying such a model, you will have to connect internal communications: electricity and water collectors with hoses.
The installation of prefabricated structures is carried out using a truck crane. Such sheds look attractive and fit perfectly into any landscape design. In addition, they are also durable and reliable in operation, and due to their mobility, household blocks can either be sold after the construction of the house, or transferred to another convenient place.
Economical sheds built from slabs are also considered a good option for giving. For their installation, an unedged board is used. The frame is placed on a pre-prepared base. Since the structure is light in weight, a foundation is not needed for it.
To protect the building from moisture, it is placed on wide beams or wooden pallets. As for the size of the shed, it is usually made 2 × 3 m with a height of 2.5 m, the frame of the budget shed is made of timber, which is sheathed with slabs. The attractiveness of such buildings is given by a shed roof and planted climbing plants.
If the owners of the dacha want to see more modern version barn, then they need to choose frame structures. They are quick to install, but the main condition for their construction is the manufacture of a strong frame of their high-quality timber. The exterior decoration of such blocks can be done with siding, which over time can be easily replaced with another material. The roof is usually made single or gable, it is covered with shingles. A columnar foundation is well suited for a frame structure.
Of course, choosing a barn for a summer residence is not an easy task, but if you first calculate everything and create an individual project, then even the most nondescript hozblok will become a real decoration of the site. In addition, today there are many design ideas, thanks to which an ordinary pantry will turn into not only a place to store things, but also an excellent relaxation area.
materials
When planning the construction of a farm building, it is important to foresee its location, size and choose building materials. Brick sheds are very popular with summer residents. They are durable, practical, have a beautiful look.
They also have disadvantages:
- Not everyone can do brickwork, so often you have to use the services of specialists for construction. And this will entail additional costs.
- Expensive cost. In addition to bricks, gravel, sand and cement must also be purchased for work. In the end, the amount will be rather big.
- The need for the organization of the construction site. If the backyard area is small, then this will create certain problems and inconvenience.
In no way inferior in their performance and wooden sheds. They are quickly and easily assembled from timber; MDF, boards or OSB are used for their sheathing. The main advantage of such buildings is considered to be light weight, low cost and the possibility of installation by one's own hands. The only drawback of wooden structures is the need to constantly treat the tree with special protective agents or paint.
In order for such a structure to look beautiful on the site, it also needs to be regularly restored, and this will require additional costs.
Sometimes cellular concrete is chosen for the construction of a barn. At the same time, it is not recommended to use gas silicate, since it quickly absorbs moisture and, therefore, a structure without a high-quality finish will last a short time. Foam concrete is good for outbuildings, it is easy to install, it is inexpensive. Ordinary plaster can serve as its finishing. There are practically no minuses in the foam block.
In the event that it is planned to install a barn of light construction, then polycarbonate will be an ideal choice for this. This material is usually attached to a support frame made of timber. The frame is usually made of aluminum profiles or plastic pipes. With proper installation, the barn is assembled in a few days, all work is carried out without outside help and unnecessary financial costs.
A budget option for a country barn will also serve as corrugated board, which sheaths the structure. It has an aesthetic appearance, but in order to extend the life of the structure, you will have to worry about protecting it from moisture. With intense condensation and dampness, the “iron” will rust. In addition, it is not recommended to leave tools and other garden accessories in such a block for the winter.
If the barn is intended for temporary use, then it can be built from improvised materials. Installation in this case is carried out from everything that is at hand: old boards, profiles and slate. After the layout of the site is completed and the residential building is built, such a utility block is dismantled and a permanent facility is installed.
How to do?
The country barn is a simple design, so it is quite possible to build it yourself. The most important thing is that everything needs to be done in stages and worry about the availability of tools and materials in advance. Recently, wooden structures have been in great demand among summer residents; they can be easily installed by yourself at minimal cost.
Before starting construction, you should make a construction plan and purchase the following building materials:
- brick;
- ruberoid;
- shaped boards with a section of 150 × 50 mm;
- slate;
- logs 25 mm thick;
- staples;
- nails.
If the work is carried out by a novice master, then the following step-by-step guide will help them complete the construction:
- First of all, it is necessary to carefully prepare the site and clean it of debris and plantings. Then, in order to protect the lower part of the building from moisture, “brick chairs” are constructed, on which a layer of waterproofing material is necessarily laid and covered with a bar on top.
- The next step will be the installation of racks. Their number is determined depending on the size of the barn. When installing the racks, a step of 1.5 m is observed. In the corners, the joints are fixed with nails and the supports are fixed with temporary struts.
- Then the upper harness is prepared and the corners are fixed "to the floor of the tree." All harnesses and racks are fastened with nails at least 200 mm long. In this case, you need to pay attention to the fact that the ends of the strapping are released from the back and front of the shed by 20-30 cm. A crate is installed on the upper strapping, which is covered with roofing material and slate from above.
- Next, permanent struts and bars with a section of 50 × 50 mm are mounted. They should be placed on the corner posts diagonally. In the place where the doors will be installed, they additionally put a rack and attach a crossbar to it. The door frame is inserted into the prepared opening, after which boards are nailed to the uprights of the structure. In the event that the boards are even, then they are laid tightly to each other, unedged boards it is best to nail one by one.
- The walls of the boards are covered on the outside with roofing material, this will protect them from the negative effects of the external environment. The roofing material should be nailed in such a way that its upper edges go beyond the lower ones.
- The final stage of work will be the flooring of the floorboards along the bottom trim. They also hang the door itself and attach the lock.
This instruction concerns the construction of a wooden barn for temporary use. If it is planned to install a permanent structure, then you must first lay a solid foundation, make a frame and sheathe it with any building material. For utility blocks, which will perform not only the role of a pantry, it will also be necessary to perform interior decoration.
Arrangement for the intended purpose
The garden shed has different functionality, so it can be arranged inside in different ways. The most popular type of finishing for utility blocks is clapboard cladding. It is possible to design a barn in this way if it is intended for storing shovels, firewood and other equipment, but when a shower is installed in the change house, then the wooden walls will not best idea. To solve this problem, a plasterboard partition is first erected, which is later lined with inexpensive tiles.
An important issue in the arrangement of the barn will be the installation of all communications, including the installation of lighting. For summer residents who plan to use the building as a workshop, it is necessary to provide for the presence of spacious cabinets and shelves in it. Often in spacious sheds there is a place for storing vehicles, in this case, to facilitate entry, a concrete descent should be made near the entrance gate. In addition, the hozblok should be provided with a canopy, which will serve as an excellent place to store firewood.
Design
Recently, most urban residents try to spend their free time on summer cottages. Therefore, the cottage should not only be comfortable for living, but also have an appropriate appearance, emphasizing the beauty of nature. This applies to both a residential building and all outbuildings adjacent to it. If you decorate the barn in an original way, then the dusty and tool-clogged pantry will easily turn into an attractive “room”.
It is necessary to create the design of hozblokov from their placement on the site. If the area allows, it is best to build spacious facilities with a similar style and finish as a residential building.
This combination will harmoniously fit into the landscape of the backyard territory. In the case when the cottage is small, you can install neat structures, decorating their walls with weaving plants. So they will be invisible and will merge in an original way with other plantings.
The color of the barn finish should be selected depending on its size and the prevailing palette on the site. For small cottages, it is best to choose light shades, they will help to visually expand the space. In addition, decorative painting can be done on a white or pastel background of the walls, thanks to which the building will take on a fabulous look. To get the original design of the barn, it is advisable to use several types of building materials when finishing it. For example, combinations of wood, brick and metal look unusual.
Beautiful examples
- To date, there are many projects for the construction of a barn, but interesting design options are very popular with summer residents, allowing you to make something original out of an ordinary pantry. Regardless of the size and design of the adjustment, it must be ennobled with the help of climbing plants or caps with flowers. Thus, a small shed with a canopy and a woodshed will turn into a beautiful mini-greenhouse.
- Recently, most summer cottage owners prefer to replace ordinary sheds with large buildings, complemented by windows and doors. Thanks to this, a spacious and bright room is obtained, where you can not only store garden tools, but also relax comfortably. In this case, it is recommended to install windows made of plastic, and wall cladding should be done with colored corrugated board. A small office shed or library shed is also a good solution, where electrical outlets, fresh interior and smart design will allow you to enjoy coffee and read books in the morning.