Order form for cash limit. Cash limit for a new organization order. The most advantageous offer
Checks of controlling organizations include the study of primary documentation. The order to cancel the cash limit can become a fundamentally important paper. Its absence can lead the company or official to the execution of administrative responsibility in the form of a fine.
For employees of institutions, the amount of the fine ranges from 4-5 thousand rubles. For legal entities and IP it can be from 40 thousand to 50 thousand rubles.
FILES
What form was used before and why
On October 12, 2011, Regulation No. 343-P of the Bank of Russia was adopted. It provided that each institution dealing with cash registers of any kind had to provide orders for the establishment of a cash limit.
The latter implies daily accounting of revenue and reconciliation with the norm. If the norm is exceeded, a visit to the bank is necessary in order to deposit cash into the bank account of the organization.
Moreover, if the organization has several departments in different cities, then only the top manager, and not the heads of departments, should sign orders to set the cash limit. This applied to any organizations, including individual entrepreneurs, micro-enterprises and small enterprises.
Last changes
Practice has shown that such a system is not very effective for small businesses and individual entrepreneurs. The application of this provision is not always possible in the existing life circumstances. A large number of organizations were fined for failing to comply with the provisions. Perhaps they did not have this opportunity.
It was decided to change the conditions for greater convenience entrepreneurial activity.
Therefore, in 2014, Bank of Russia Ordinance No. 3210-U was adopted, which significantly softened the conditions for keeping money on hand.
Now, legal entities whose staff does not exceed 100 people, related to small enterprises and individual entrepreneurs, have the right not to set this limit and not to issue orders in this regard.
By the way, in 2015 the circle of enterprises that can classify themselves as small ones expanded in order due to changes in the law. Now companies with a level of up to 800 million rubles have become small. revenue per year (and not 400, as before). In the rest of the points on the recognition of "smallness" (the number of people in the state, the share of third-party organizations), there were no changes. Moreover, individual entrepreneurs can enjoy this right regardless of the chosen form of taxation.
When to deposit cash
The terms in which cash in excess of the limit must get to the organization's current account (to the nearest bank branch) are determined by internal documents, but are clearly regulated. All transactions must be completed within seven days.
The exception is institutions located in remote areas where there are no bank branches. In this case, the period is extended to 14 days. But for such an indulgence, documented permission is required.
Important! If the company has several branches, then each separately sets the amount of cash, after exceeding which the employee is obliged to deposit money in the bank.
But calculations should be carried out on the basis of the same figures as in other departments. So, if you need to compile this document, it makes sense to request a similar paper from your colleagues from another department and draw up a new one based on it. These rules do not in any way relate to amounts to be paid to employees as wages, scholarships, allowances or other payments.
How to draw up an order to cancel the cash limit
The order should consist of two or three items:
For convenience
There may be one more item in the order. It is optional, but it will come in handy if the manager needs to replenish the current account in cash from the cash desk without issuing written orders. This is very convenient, but many companies lose sight of this nuance, and then face the problem of withdrawal.
This paragraph might sound like this:
“I order the cashier of LLC “______” (or full name) to hand over the proceeds in cash to the bank “____” by oral order if it is necessary to replenish the current account.”
If there is no cancellation order
Initially, the cash limit of each organization is considered zero. If funds accumulate in the cash register, but do not appear within a week on the company's bank account, then the institution will face administrative responsibility in the form of a fine in accordance with paragraph 1 of Art. 15 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.
Even if the previous order to establish a limit referred to an old document (Regulation No. 343-P of the Bank of Russia of 2011) or does not have an application, it is still considered the main one when deciding whether the organization has a cash limit or not.
Moreover, if specific deadlines are not prescribed there, then the paper is considered valid all the time, up to cancellation.
Thus, even for those organizations that did not issue an order to establish, an order to cancel will be necessary.
Possible mistakes
When compiling a document, it is important to indicate only the date of commencement of its validity. So it will be considered indefinite, and you can replace it at any time. If you specify an expiration date, then it will be necessary to reissue it.
If this is not done on time, then the previous order on setting the limit will come into force, or this limit will be considered zero and the cashier will have to carry all the proceeds to the bank at the end of each working day.
Where is registered
The presence of the document is necessarily recorded in the register of orders for the main activity. At least the cashier, the chief accountant and the head of the organization are required to familiarize themselves with the paper. The signature of the latter should be at the bottom of the document.
Cash discipline, and in particular - the correctness of the calculation, establishment and subsequent compliance with the limit of cash balances, the tax authorities pay special attention.
Frequency: when to make an order on the limit of the cash balance
Cash balance limit - mobile value. It is determined by the needs of the business entity in cash for financial transactions after the end of the banking day at a particular moment, therefore it may change.
It follows from this that a business entity can repeatedly change the limits of the limit during the financial year, but at the same time, each time draw up the changes in the prescribed manner - issue an appropriate order.
Note: cash limit orders are not subject to mandatory renewal with the onset of a new financial year. That is, if an approved limit is in effect at the end of 2018, and there is no need to change it - in the coming financial year, the order previously issued to it will continue to be valid, the cash balance limit for 2019 does not need to be approved by a new order in this case.
Responsibility of officials
Limits of liability for violation of cash discipline, work with cash and compliance with cash limits, is provided for by the norms of Art. 15.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, which provides for fines for these violations:
for officials - from 4,000 rubles. up to 5,000 rubles;
for legal entities - from 40,000 rubles. up to 50,000 rubles
An order to set a cash limit is a document that organizations of medium and large size must draw up regularly (they have the right to determine the time period on their own, but usually this happens at least 1 time per year).
This paper relies on the release of an application with specific numbers. Fortunately, thanks to the Decree of the Bank of Russia No. 3210-U adopted in 2014, the cash limit is not required to comply with small businesses, including micro-enterprises and individual entrepreneurs (regardless of the chosen form of taxation for the latter).
What is the document for?
If a company does not meet the criteria of a small business (for example, the staff is more than 100 people or other conditions such as the amount of annual revenue are not met), then the determination and compliance with the cash limit for it is still mandatory. But paper is drawn up a little differently.
From time to time, the company may be subject to inspection by regulatory authorities.
Important! In case of non-compliance with the rules, the organization and its employees will face administrative punishment in the form of fines, which are regulated by Art. 15 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.
Moreover, if an official "gets off" with 4-5 thousand rubles, then the legal entity will be fined 40-50 thousand rubles. for every violation.
Previously, limits in this area were regulated by Regulation No. 343-P of the Bank of Russia dated October 12, 2011. Now the legal basis for this has changed, so it is advisable to redo the existing orders.
For better interaction with the regulatory authority, it is better to refer to Instruction No. 3210-U or even issue an order to remove the cash limit (if the company has moved to another category).
If earlier the company issued an order to set a cash limit, but now it has moved into the category of small business entities, then it is mandatory to issue replacement papers. They may be an order on a cash limit of another form or an order to cancel the cash limit.
In what cases is it permissible to exceed the limit
According to the Instruction of the Bank of Russia No. 3210-U, all cash from the cash desk in excess of the established limit, which remain at the end of the day, shall be kept exclusively in bank accounts.
The following cases may be an exception:
- When cash is needed to pay wages and other benefits to employees (stipends, social benefits, etc.). Moreover, this cash can be on the territory of the organization for no more than 5 days (according to clause 6 of the mentioned Instructions No. 3210-U).
- Weekend. At this time, the company's income and expenditure operations may be conducted, and the bank may be closed. In this case, it is permissible to exceed the cash limit without consequences in the form of fines.
- Cases of inspections by regulatory authorities at the enterprise. Moreover, these checks should directly relate to financial activities.
Formatting and orders
In the upper right corner or at the very top of the document, the full name of the organization or the surname, name and patronymic of the individual entrepreneur is indicated.
Then follows the heading "ORDER on setting the limit of the organization's cash balance" with a number and date. In the main part of the paper, the head prescribes which documents he refers to. It is also obligatory to mention what date the limit is set.
Usually, the accounting department is engaged in the design of this paper and prescribes a certain frequency: 1 time per year, with each reporting cycle.
Note! There are times when restrictions on holding cash need to be reviewed. In this case, the legislation allows the order to be reissued on any number of the accounting year.
It is advisable to notify the bank with which the organization interacts about this event, since bank employees can carry out collection by agreement.
Also in the order (in the first paragraph) refers to the calculations made in the application. The latter depend on the billing period. By law, this time should not exceed 92 days.
The paper reflects the specific amount that amounted to revenue during this period (or the fee that was paid to employees, if the calculations are based on this indicator). If the billing period remains the same, then this is prescribed in the order.
The second paragraph of the order indicates a financially responsible person who, in case of exceeding the limit at the end of the working day, is obliged to transfer all funds exceeding this indicator to the bank and put it on the organization's current account.
Attention! An employee interacting with cash must comply with the duties of a cashier, be listed in this position or combine with the position of an accountant.
If the organization is small and operations related to the circulation of cash are carried out by an accountant, then there must be an order to assign the duties of a cashier to an accountant. This requirement is related to the requirements of constituent documents banking organizations with which legal entities deal.
Attached to the order is an appendix on the calculation of the cash balance in the cash register for the billing period. The balance is calculated based on the receipt of funds for this period or from the payment of wages to employees, and is calculated using formulas. This needs to be marked accordingly.
Thus, the amount of the limit itself with the time for which it is set is disclosed in the very first paragraph, and the signatures of the head and chief accountant complete the official paper.
Coordination
The order is an internal document of the organization. It is not necessary to coordinate it with the bank or tax authorities (although it is desirable, in order, for example, to prevent the unscheduled arrival of collectors).
However, if it is nevertheless developed and exists (even with reference to Regulation No. 343-P of the Bank of Russia of October 12, 2011 and without an annex), then for non-compliance with the rules regarding restrictions on cash held at the cash desk, an institution or person will face administrative responsibility in in the form of such a nuisance as a fine.
Cash limit for small businesses and individual entrepreneurs for 2018 + sample order
For 2018, it is not required to set a cash limit for small businesses and individual entrepreneurs, but for this it is tedious to issue an appropriate order. In the article, we will consider what order to draw up for the manager and how to calculate and approve the cash limit, if necessary.
According to the instructions of the Bank of Russia, which established the rules for cash transactions, both entrepreneurs and small businesses have the right to refuse to set a cash limit. This means that you can accumulate money at the cash desk in any desired amount. Moreover, the applicable taxation system does not matter in this case (See also the article ⇒ The procedure for installing and applying online cash registers for services in 2018).
Cash limit for 2018 for small businesses
As mentioned above, for small businesses, setting a cash limit is not necessary. They have the right to accumulate funds at the cash desk at will, as well as to hand them over to the bank to their current account. In order for small businesses to safely exercise this right in 2018, the manager should issue an order.
If organizations fail to do so, they face penalties in the following amounts:
40,000 - 50,000 rubles - for organizations;
4,000 - 5,000 rubles - for an official.
There is no specially designed form for such an order; it can be made in any form. Such an order should contain information that the limit of the cash balance approved and valid until now is cancelled. In addition, the order should refer to a document that allows the organization to exercise this right (See also the article ⇒ Account 50 in accounting: cash desk. Example, postings).
Important! If during the year an organization that has abandoned the cash limit loses the status of a small enterprise, the tax authorities have the right to consider the entire amount in the cash register as overlimit and charge a fine (up to 50 thousand rubles).
Cash limit for 2018 for individual entrepreneurs
For entrepreneurs, the same rules apply as for small businesses. They don't need to set a cash limit. They have the right to leave any amount in the cashier. Money and for any period at its sole discretion. Active this rule on the basis of the same documents as for small businesses, i.e. Bank Directive No. 3210-U. In order to exercise his right, the entrepreneur should issue an order stating that no cash limit is set for 2018. This can be done in the same way as in the example prepared for a small business.
How to calculate cash limit
It is still possible to set a cash limit at the discretion of the head of the enterprise, the legislation does not prohibit this. At the same time, the enterprise can decide on its own how to calculate the limit. This can be done both on the basis of cash received at the cash desk, and on the basis of payments made. For only an open company, it is impossible to set a limit on last year's indicators, which means that it can do this based on the planned revenue (payments) in the upcoming period. The calculation rules are presented in the appendix to the Bank's Instructions No. 3210.
Important! You need to set the cash register limit in full rubles, and round the received amounts according to mathematical rules.
Calculation of the cash register limit by revenue
If the company has divisions that do not hand over cash to the bank on their own, but send them to the cash desk of the main office, then the limit is calculated based on the revenue of all divisions. For the calculation, the formula is used:
Lk \u003d Np / RP x PS, where
Np - cash received by the cashier during the billing period, rubles;
How many days to take for the billing period, the organization decides on its own, but it should be remembered that it cannot exceed 92 business days. Moreover, it is the working days of the company that are taken, otherwise the calculated limit may turn out to be too high. An organization can donate cash to a bank at least once within 7 working days, or 14 if the organization is located in a locality where there is no bank.
An example of calculating the cash register limit on revenue
LLC "Continent" has a 5-day working week. To calculate the cash desk limit for 2018, we will use the indicators of the 4th quarter of 2017. The revenue received by the cash desk for this period of time is 1,500,000 rubles. The number of working days in the given period is 64 days. Cash withdrawals to the bank occur 1 time in 3 days. Based on these indicators, we will calculate:
1,500,000 / 64 x 3 \u003d 70,313 rubles.
Cash withdrawal limit calculation
To calculate the cash desk limit on cash issued from the cash desk, all funds issued are taken into account with the exception of: salaries, scholarships and other payments made to employees. For the calculation, the formula is used:
Lk \u003d Nv / RP x PS, where
Lk - cash balance limit, rubles;
Np - cash issued from the cash desk during the billing period, rubles;
RP - billing period for which the limit is calculated, days;
PS - the period between the delivery of cash to the bank, days.
Limitations in the number of days of the settlement period and the period of cash withdrawal to the bank are similar to the periods established for calculating the limit based on revenue, that is, 92, 7 and 14 days.
An example of calculating the cash register limit for issuance
LLC "Continent" does not accept cash, buyers make payments through a bank branch. We will calculate the cash limit for 2018 based on the indicators of the 4th quarter of 2017. The issued funds for settlements with suppliers for the selected period amounted to 2,100,000 rubles. LLC "Continent" receives cash from the bank once every 2 days. The number of working days in the billing period is 64 days (based on a 5-day working week). Let's calculate the limit:
2,100,000 / 64 x 2 = 65,625 rubles.
Order on setting a cash balance limit
After calculating the limit, the organization must approve it by issuing an appropriate order.
Important! You can set the amount of the limit both for a period and indefinitely. When the limit is set to 1 year, then next year you need to install a new one.
The order is made in any form. It must contain the approved amount of the limit, as well as an order to inform the cashier about the amount being set.
Overlimit amount in cash
Based on Bank Directives No. 3210-U, an organization can leave cash at the cash desk in excess of the approved limit in such situations:
1. On those days when the organization has established days for the issuance of wages, but no more than 5 days, including the day of cash withdrawal from the account (See also the article ⇒ Deadlines for depositing wages to employees in 2018);
2. Weekends and holidays organizations, in the event that these days were held cash transactions.
Important! If the limit in the organization is not approved, then by default it is accepted zero, which means that any amount of money remaining in the cash register will be recognized as overlimit.
A responsibility
Why is it needed
Cash limit calculation
SP / RP * Dn
Another version of the formula: .
Calculation example
- limit size;
- list of responsible persons;
sample order
Limit Cancellation
Cash limit for 2018: sample order with calculation attached
Related Articles
Checkout limit for 2018: see the article for a sample order with a calculation application and download the order form for free. Check if you need a cash register limit, if there will be fines. Look at the correct calculation.
Read in the article:
Cash limit in 2018
The cash limit is the maximum amount of cash that a firm or entrepreneur can keep on hand. They calculate the cash limit for themselves according to a certain formula and check its compliance at the end of the day of work. If the remaining amount of cash is more than the limit, then the excess is collected in the bank. How often to collect cash in the bank, firms and entrepreneurs decide for themselves.
Firms and individual entrepreneurs are required to fulfill the cash limit in 2018, regardless of their taxation regime and organizational form. It is legal to exceed the cash limit only in two situations.
Situation 1. In connection with the issuance of salaries and social benefits - no more than five days.
Situation 2. When conducting activities on a non-working day - until the next working day.
For non-compliance with the cash limit in 2018, the tax authorities will be fined. The amounts of fines are in table 1.
Table 1. Cash limit 2018
Cash limit for small businesses in 2018
Small enterprises are JSCs, LLCs, individual entrepreneurs, cooperatives and peasant farms, for which restrictions are met on the average number of employees and on annual income. See Table 2 for these restrictions.
Table 2. Cash limit for small businesses in 2018
Small, including micro-enterprises, are allowed to carry out cash transactions in a simplified manner and work with cash without a cash limit for 2018, that is, to keep any amount of cash without collection. You can check whether your organization or individual entrepreneur belongs to a small business using a special service on the website of the Federal Tax Service.
The firm must issue a decision to work without a cash limit for 2018 by order of the head. In such a situation, it determines the frequency of cash collection on its own.
If a company or individual entrepreneur began to comply with the requirements for small businesses in the middle of the year, and the Federal Tax Service entered them into the register, then from that date they are subject to a simplified procedure for cash transactions, and you can cancel the cash limit for 2018 for small businesses. It is safer to issue a separate order from the head for this.
Cash limit for LLC in 2018
If the LLC belongs to a small business, it can operate without a 2018 cash limit. To do this, in addition to the criteria for the average number of employees and annual income, the LLC must meet the requirement for a share in its authorized capital.
Requirement 1. The share of foreign firms or small and medium-sized businesses is no more than 49%.
Requirement 2. The share of the state, charitable foundations or religious organizations - no more than 25%.
If the LLC is not considered a small business, it must meet cash limits in 2018.
Cash limit for individual entrepreneurs in 2018
Individual entrepreneurs can carry out cash transactions in a simplified manner, including working with cash without a cash limit in 2018, that is, holding any amount of cash without collection. The IP must issue this decision by order. In such a situation, the individual entrepreneur determines the frequency of cash collection on his own.
Establishing a cash limit for 2018
The maximum cash amount that can be kept at the cash desk is calculated on the basis of the order of the head in one of the following ways:
- or by the amount of receipts;
- or in terms of expenses.
After that, they issue an order on the cash limit of 2018.
Sample order for cash limit for 2018
How to calculate the cash limit for 2018
The calculation of the cash desk limit for 2018 is done according to uniform formulas. The formula for calculating the cash limit for 2018 differs for calculating income or expenses. The final value of the limit is rounded off according to mathematical rules or downwards.
The formula for calculating the amount of receipts:
The billing period can be any, for example:
- past, but of the same year;
- with the maximum income;
- similar for other years.
In this case, the calculation period should not include more than 92 business days.
Example 1
How to calculate the cash limit for 2018
The Simvol store is open seven days a week and collects cash every five days. The cash limit for the 4th quarter is calculated based on receipts for the last 4th quarter:
- for October - 782,000 rubles;
- for November - 736,000 rubles;
- for December - 874,000 rubles.
Under such conditions, the cash limit is 130,000 rubles ((782,000 rubles + 736,000 rubles + 874,000 rubles) / 92 days x 5 days).
The calculation of the cash desk limit for 2018 is done according to expenses in the event that there was no cash receipts. Formula for calculating the amount of expenses:
Example 2
How to calculate the cash balance limit for 2018
Simvol LLC operates a five-day week and collects cash every three days. The cash limit for the 4th quarter is determined by the amounts of expenses for the 3rd quarter of the same year, when they amounted to:
- for July - 782,000 rubles;
- for August - 736,000 rubles;
- for September - 874,000 rubles.
Under these conditions, the cash limit is 78,000 rubles ((782,000 rubles + 736,000 rubles + 874,000 rubles) / 92 days x 3 days)
Cash limit in 2018 for individual entrepreneurs and LLCs: sample order and calculation
Since 2014, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities from the small business sector have been exempted from the mandatory cash limit. However, this does not mean that they can forget about this concept. To free your cash desk from any restrictions, you need to sign certain documents.
We will talk about the correct registration of the cash limit at the enterprise (for individual entrepreneurs and LLCs) or its absence in our today's article.
Limit as part of cash discipline in 2018
Any company can use cash, but for this you first need to open a cash desk and limit the maximum amount that can remain in it by an internal order.
Amounts exceeding the limit of cash on hand must be deposited with the bank. This is evidenced by the Directive of the Central Bank No. 3210-U.
Every working day before the end of the shift, the cashier reconciles cash documents, writes down the balance of cash in the cash book and certifies it with his signature. It is this balance that cannot exceed the established limit.
A responsibility
Exceeding the allowed amount of cash at the enterprise becomes a reason for bringing the violator to responsibility:
However, this law also has its exceptions. According to the instructions of the Central Bank, it is permissible to exceed the limit with impunity:
- for the issuance of salaries and other payments to employees;
- days when the company is open and financial institutions have a day off (for example, it is Saturday and Sunday for most retail stores).
Why is it needed
Initially, the cash limit was introduced as a measure to limit the amount of cash in circulation for a business. The money lying on non-cash bank accounts ceases to be a dead weight for the state, they begin to "work".
For the entrepreneurs themselves, limiting the cash register is primarily a security issue. Emergencies, robberies, fraud - it is impossible to insure against everything, but if you keep only a part of the proceeds in cash, many risks can be reduced.
Cash limit calculation
Each organization (or individual entrepreneur) itself sets a cash limit, but does not invent it, namely, it calculates according to a certain formula, which the Central Bank approved in its Directive No. 3210-U.
The formula for calculating the cash limit: SP / RP * Dn
For example, for 28 working days, the cash proceeds of the enterprise amounted to 75,000 rubles. The accountant puts the proceeds into the current account every 5 working days. Then the cash register limit will be calculated as follows: 75000/28*5=13,393 rubles.
It is not necessary to coordinate the limit with the bank or the tax office. Despite the strict calculation procedure, the law allows businessmen to significantly adjust the value of the limit. For example, the limit can be increased or decreased by changing the collection frequency.
The unspecified limit for legal entities of the medium and large sector is equal to zero, which means that even one hundred rubles will be assessed as an excess.
Calculation of the limit for businesses without cash receipts
Companies that have exclusively non-cash income are also sometimes forced to observe cash discipline. For example, they may need cash to work with suppliers.
Then, in the cash limit formula, instead of revenue, the existing or estimated amount of funds issued (except for payments to employees) is taken into account.
Another version of the formula: Withdrawal amount / RP * Number of days between cash withdrawals from the account.
Calculation example: in 4 days the enterprise purchased materials for cash and paid off contractors for a total of 107,000 rubles. The CEO withdraws money from the current account every 3 days. The company receives all the proceeds in cash. Then the cash limit is: 107000/4*3=80250 rubles.
Cash limit for separate divisions
How the limit for the cash desk in a representative office or branch will be calculated depends on where the cash is deposited.
If cash from a division is sent to the main cash desk of the company, then the total limit on the cash desk of the entire enterprise and its branches is calculated, taking into account all cash movements.
If a unit independently delivers cash to the bank, then its own restrictions are set for it, independent of the cash desks in other units.
Order on setting a cash limit
After the end of the calculations, the cash limit is fixed by order of the general director of the company.
The laws of the Russian Federation do not put forward any special requirements for the order. Each organization issues an order in any form and includes in it items that it considers necessary, but among them:
- limit size;
- date of entry into force of the restriction;
- expiration date of the order (if any);
- list of responsible persons;
- details of the calculation of the total amount.
sample order
Consider sample orders to set a cash limit for two companies: a new one and an existing one.
The document is printed on the corporate letterhead of the organization, if any, must be numbered, dated and signed as the head who issued the order ( CEO, IP), and officials responsible for compliance with the norms (accountant, cashiers).
The order may also contain additional clauses regarding liability for exceeding the limit or the procedure for preventing such situations.
A detailed calculation of the established limit can be included both in the text of the document itself and in the appendix.
You can download a sample order here.
Limit Cancellation
The cash limit for small businesses and individual entrepreneurs was canceled three years ago, but in 2018 some entrepreneurs continue to adhere to it.
To cancel the limit, you must issue an appropriate decree and notify all employees. Even a self-employed individual entrepreneur, in order to avoid questions from regulatory authorities, should not easily stop complying with the limit, but first of all issue a canceling order.
You can view and download a sample order for an individual entrepreneur:
Cash balance limit- this is the maximum allowable amount of cash that can be in the cash desk of the organization at the end of the working day.
For example, by order of the head, a limit of 100,000 rubles is set. Anything above this amount accumulated in the cash register for the entire working day must be handed over to the bank.
BUT: in two cases it is allowed to have cash in cash in excess of the established limit:
1) On the days of various payments to employees (salary, vacation pay, scholarships, etc.). In this case, payments must be made within 5 working days.
2) On weekends and non-working holidays, if cash transactions were carried out at that time.
Worth noting if you don't install cash limit, then it will be equal to zero, which means that any amount of money in the cash register at the end of the working day will be considered overlimit, which may entail administrative liability.
Order on the establishment / cancellation of the cash limit
The head of the organization or individual entrepreneur must issue an order on the established cash limit. The limit can be approved for any period (month, quarter, year, etc.), but it is also possible not to specify its validity period. Then you can work with such a limit as long as you like until you publish a new document with new indicators.
However, from June 1, 2014, individual entrepreneurs and small organizations (numbering no more than 100 employees and revenue up to 800 million rubles per year) are no longer required to establish cash limit.
Those. they can work with or without a limit, at their discretion. Those who want to abandon the limit must definitely issue an order to cancel the cash limit.
Calculation of limit amounts
Companies now (since June 1, 2014) have the opportunity to choose, how to calculate cash balance limit- based on cash receipts or cash expenses. That is, in practice, you can calculate the cash limit using both formulas and choose the most profitable method for you.
However, companies that do not have cash receipts due to the specifics of their activities naturally use the expense formula. The cash balance limit is set in rubles without kopecks. It is rounded according to the usual rules: the amount less than 50 kopecks is discarded, and the amount of 50 kopecks is rounded up to the ruble.
1) CALCULATION BASED ON CASH REVENUE
L = V/ P * Nc
L
V- the amount of cash receipts for goods sold, work performed, services rendered for the billing period in rubles (newly created organizations and individual entrepreneurs indicate the expected amount of receipts).
P- the settlement period for which the volume of cash receipts is taken into account. The selected billing period includes all working days, even those that for some reason were working on weekends and holidays. This can be any period of time up to 92 business days, for example:
- Previous period (calculate for Q1 2017 based on data from Q4 2016)
- The same period for the previous year (calculation for the 1st quarter of 2018 - based on the data of the 1st quarter of 2017)
- Period of peak receipts
Nc- the period of time (in working days) between the day of receipt of cash and the day of delivery of this money to the bank. This period should not exceed 7 working days, and if located in locality, in which there is no bank - 14 business days.
For example, if money is deposited to the bank once every 2 business days, then Nc=2.
Sample calculation: Fantik LLC sets a cash limit for 2017, taking September 2016 (24 business days) as the billing period. During this time, the company received 435,000 rubles in cash proceeds. The proceeds were deposited in the bank every 3 days. In this way:
Cash balance limit = 54,375 rubles. (435,000 rubles / 24 days * 3 days)
2) CALCULATION BASED ON THE AMOUNT OF CASH EXPENSES
With this formula, you can set cash limit regardless of whether you have cash receipts or not (clause 2 of Directive No. 3210-U). For example, if you have a small cash income, then it would be more profitable to set a limit according to this formula:
L=R/P*Nn
L- cash balance limit in rubles
R- the volume of cash withdrawals for the billing period in rubles, with the exception of amounts intended for various payments to employees (salary, vacation pay, scholarships, etc.). Newly created organizations and individual entrepreneurs indicate the expected volume of issuance.
P- the settlement period for which the volume of cash withdrawals is taken into account. This can be any time period up to 92 business days. Examples of such periods are given in the description 1 of the formula. Just remember to make allowances for expenses.
Nn- the period of time (in working days) between the days of receiving cash from the bank, with the exception of amounts intended for various payments to employees (salary, vacation pay, scholarships, etc.). This period should not exceed 7 working days, and if located in a settlement where there is no bank - 14 working days. For example, if money is withdrawn from the bank once every 2 business days, then Nc=2.
Sample calculation: LLC "Fantik" is engaged in the sale of sugar in bulk. Installing cash balance limit for 2018 year in terms of the amount of cash expenses, the company took June, July, August 2017 for the billing period.
The company has a 5-day working week, which means that the billing period is 65 working days (21 + 23 + 21). During this time, the company paid suppliers 900,000 rubles in cash, withdrawn from a bank account every 4 days. In this way:
Cash balance limit = 55,385 rubles. (900,000 rubles / 65 days * 4 days)
What is the document for?
The cashier of each company, with the exception of small ones, must comply with the cash balance limit on the cash desk. The company calculates it independently. The limit must be approved by the order of the head.
Deadline for compiling the document
The company has the right to change the limit at any time and as many times as desired. In addition, the effect of the order to approve the limit itself is not limited.
What must be in the document
All companies have the right to choose for themselves whether to calculate the limit from the amount of cash receipts or cash withdrawals (paragraph 2, clause 2 of Instruction No. 3210-U of the Bank of Russia dated 11.03.14). The selected indicator must be recorded in the order. The document should also include the calculation of the limit itself (sample 1).
All divisions that transfer cash proceeds to the bank, and not to the head office, need their own limit (paragraph 4, clause 2 of Directive No. 3210-U). Therefore, for those units that hand over cash to the bank, it is necessary to determine the limit and approve it with a separate order (sample 2). When calculating it, it is necessary to take into account the revenue or the amount of money transferred to a particular isolated office. Moreover, if the company approves separate limits for the head office and divisions, it is safer to calculate them from the same indicators - either from the volume of cash receipts or from the volume of their issuance.
The cash limit may not be set by small businesses (clause 2 of Directive No. 3210-U). In 2015, these include companies that simultaneously meet the following conditions: revenue for 2014 does not exceed 400 million rubles, average population employees for 2014 is not more than 100 people, and the share of third-party organizations in the authorized capital is not more than 25 percent (part 1 of article 4 federal law dated July 24, 2007 No. 209-FZ). If an organization falls under these criteria, it can cancel the previously set limit. To do this, you also need to issue an order (sample 3).
FREQUENT ERROR
In the order approving the limit, only the period from which it is valid must be recorded. The company has the right to establish a new limit at any time. And if the calculated indicator suits the organization, you can not change the limit for at least a few years. If the order has a limited validity period, you will need to issue a new one.
UNP COUNCIL
The company considers the balance limit, taking into account the revenue of the divisions, if they themselves do not deposit money with the bank, but transfer it to the company's cash desk (paragraph 5, article 2 of instruction No. 3210-U). In order not to be mistaken, it is worth writing down in the order for which offices the company took into account the revenue in the calculation of the limit.
DANGEROUS PROPS
Companies have the right to decide for themselves from which indicators to determine the limit - the volume of receipts or cash withdrawals. In order not to get confused, in the order it is necessary to indicate the indicator from which the company calculated the amount of the restriction.
UNP COUNCIL
When calculating the limit, it is safer for companies that hand over proceeds to collectors to take into account the period between the days of delivery of proceeds, which follows from the agreement with the bank.
FREQUENT ERROR
For offices that deposit money directly to the bank, the company determines its cash balance limit. For these purposes, it is necessary to issue a separate order in order to transfer its copy to the unit.
DANGEROUS PROPS
The order to approve the cash limit for divisions must be approved by the director of the company. The head of a separate office does not have such powers. Otherwise, the order will be invalid and the limit will be zero.
FREQUENT ERROR
Some companies that have received the status of small cease to immediately take into account the cash limit. But in order not to hand over money to the bank, you must first cancel the old limit order. Otherwise, a fine on the company up to 50 thousand rubles under Article 15.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation is not ruled out during the audit.
UNP COUNCIL
It is worth writing in the order that the cashier will hand over money to the bank, if necessary, by verbal order of the head. The company has the right not to draw up any papers about this.
DANGEROUS PROPS
The criteria under which a company is classified as small are listed in Part 1 of Article 4 of Federal Law No. 209-FZ of July 24, 2007. If the organization violates at least one of the conditions, it will be necessary to calculate the limit and issue a new order.