Dyeing gorse shrub. Dye gorse (Genista tinctoria L.). Gout: herbal therapy
Gorse dyer is a profusely flowering shrub with simple, narrow-lanceolate and entire leaves. It has decorative and medicinal value. Like many legumes, a good honey plant.
The plant is poisonous!Ask the experts
flower formula
The formula of the gorse flower is Ch3.2L1.2(2)T(5+4)1P1.
In medicine
The medicinal properties of gorse dye have not been studied enough so far, therefore, medicines based on it are practically not used in the official medicine of our country. But in the United States, preparations made on the basis of flowers and seeds of the dyer's gorse are used in complex therapy in the treatment of malignant tumors, in particular tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, clinical trials of an infusion from the green parts of the dyer gave positive results in the prevention and treatment of diseases. thyroid gland. The experiments also revealed the possibility of using preparations based on gorse dye in chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, metabolic polyarthritis, urolithiasis, cholecystitis and hemorrhoids, with hypothyroidism and metrorrhagia.
Contraindications and side effects
You should know that gorse is dyeing poisonous plant therefore, treatment must be carried out under the supervision of a physician. It is not recommended to use drugs based on gorse during pregnancy, lactating women, children, as well as patients with coronary heart disease and arterial hypertension.
In homeopathy
In homeopathy, for medicinal purposes, the essence of young non-lignified shoots (with leaves and flowers) of the dyer gorse is used as a natural antibiotic.
In dermatology
In dermatology, dyeing gorse is used for hypothyroidism, accompanied by itchy dermatosis, for psoriasis, as well as for infectious and allergic diseases with inflammatory lesions of the blood vessels of the skin and subcutaneous tissue.
In other areas
Gorse dye finds application in cooking. Its young shoots and flower buds are eaten, blanched, pickled, and then used in national cuisine, especially in eastern Transcaucasia.
Dyeing gorse - as an original decorative semi-shrub, has recently become increasingly popular and is used in landscaping large cities singly, as well as in groups. In ornamental horticulture, dyeing gorse is planted on rocky areas and slopes, slightly shaded places. Thanks to terry flowers of extraordinary beauty, in landscape design the plant is used to create beautiful compositions, flower beds, borders, alpine slides are decorated with it. In addition, the shoots of the dyer's gorse are a good material for floristic flower arrangements.
Until now, gorse dyeing is used in agriculture, in particular in agriculture (crop rotation) as a natural source of soil enrichment with nitrogen, which makes it possible to increase the yield of many cultivated plants.
From the flowers and leaves of the dyeing gorse, a bright yellow dye has long been obtained, used for dyeing linen and woolen fabrics. It is also used in the carpet industry for dyeing threads. In some countries, such as France and Italy, gorse is cultivated as a fibrous plant used to make a coarse cloth such as burlap.
Classification
Dyeing gorse (lat. Genista tinctoria) is a species of the genus gorse (lat. Genista) of the legume or Moth family (lat. Fabaceae, or Papilionaceae). The genus includes about 75 species of shrubs and semi-shrubs growing in Europe, throughout the Mediterranean and in Western Asia. In the Caucasus - about 30 species.
Botanical description
Gorse dyeing - shrub 20-100 cm in height. Leaves alternate, simple, entire, narrow-lanceolate, up to 4 cm long and up to 1 cm wide, with stipules. The flowers are bisexual, zygomorphic, usually yellow, in dense long racemose inflorescences located at the ends of the branches. Perianth double, 5-membered. The calyx is joint-leaved, 5-toothed. Corolla moth, consists of a flag or sail, two wings, or oars and a boat formed by two fused petals. Stamens 10. The formula of the gorse flower is Ch3.2L1.2(2)T(5+4)1P1. Gynoecium apocarpous from 1 carpel. Ovary superior 1-celled. The fruit is a bean. Seeds with hard seed coat. A light-loving and drought-resistant plant, it easily adapts to different environmental conditions, while it does not tolerate waterlogging and severe frosts. Blooms from May to July. The fruits ripen in August - September.
Spreading
In the European part of Russia and Western Siberia, gorse grows everywhere, except for the northern regions. Common in the Caucasus. The plant prefers rare dry light forests, especially pine forests, their edges, thickets of shrubs, steppe beams, as well as meadow and rocky slopes, sands, chalk.
Distribution regions on the map of Russia.
Procurement of raw materials
As a medicinal raw material, both the above-ground part and the underground part in the flowering phase are harvested. The flowers of the dyer gorse are collected separately from other above-ground parts of the plant. The roots are dug up in autumn. The raw materials are dried in the shade under a canopy or in a well-ventilated room, or in a dryer at a temperature of 45-50°C. The finished raw material is usually green in color, it is stored in closed cardboard boxes or in linen bags in well-ventilated rooms, but separately from other strong-smelling medicinal plants. The shelf life of raw materials is 1 year.
Chemical composition
The chemical composition of the dyeing gorse has not been studied enough. Stems and leaves contain alkaloids (cytisine, methylcytisine, sparteine), glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, organic acids, essential oil, triterpene saponins, bitterness, mucus, mineral salts. In addition, the flowers contain yellow pigments (genistein and luteolin), which give the petals a yellow color.
Pharmacological properties
The pharmacological properties of gorse dye are due to its chemical composition. The plant has a pronounced diuretic, choleretic, laxative, blood-purifying, analgesic, lactogenic and vasoconstrictive (hemostatic) action. Preparations based on it (infusion, decoction) excite respiration, stimulate the function of the thyroid gland, and contract the muscles of the uterus. Along with these properties, dyeing gorse has antibacterial and estrogenic activity. Gorse fruits, in turn, have an anthelmintic effect.
Application in traditional medicine
Although official medicine does not use dyeing gorse in medical practice, beneficial features of this plant are used by traditional healers as the main component medicines in the treatment of a wide range of diseases (hypothyroidism, nervous fatigue, nephritis, edema of cardiac and renal origin, liver diseases, gout, rheumatoid arthritis, uric acid diathesis, malignant tumors in the intestines).
IN traditional medicine rather widely used water infusion of the herb dyeing gorse as a hemostatic, choleretic, tonic, vasodilator and antibacterial agent. Especially effective is the use of preparations based on dyed gorse in the prevention and treatment of thyroid diseases. Essence from fresh gorse shoots is used by folk healers as a natural herbal antibiotic. Using the vasodilating property with a powerful antibacterial effect of water extracts of gorse herb, traditional healers treat them chronic diseases respiratory tract, in particular chronic bronchitis and bronchial asthma. Infusions and decoctions based on gorse are used as a strong diuretic and laxative. In gynecology, gorse preparations are used as an effective tonic for uterine bleeding. In addition, the infusion and decoction of the aerial part of the gorse is used for migraine, rickets, hypertension, skin diseases, jaundice, malaria, nephritis (as a diuretic), constipation, hemorrhoids, dropsy (abdomen), emaciation, cystitis, scrofula, salt deposits, ascites, asthenia, venereal diseases, bone fractures, rickets, and also as a blood purifier.
Due to the manifestation of antibacterial activity in folk medicine, dyeing gorse is recommended for diuretic collections (for urological and nephrological diseases), externally for gargling, for skin lesions with a fungus, furunculosis, lichen, scrofula. These properties are due to the rather widespread use of alcoholic tinctures and aqueous decoctions of gorse dye in home dermatology for skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis, pyoderma, dermatomycosis, furunculosis, and allergic dermatitis. In addition, an infusion of flowers and fruits in the form of lotions is used for dry calluses and for removing warts. The crushed fresh leaves along with the green fruits are also used to treat calluses and warts. For such skin diseases as abscesses, lichen, scrofula, an infusion based on gorse grass is used as a rubbing agent, it is also added to baths. Folk healers especially appreciate the rhizome of the dyed gorse, which, like the aerial part, has a wide range of medicinal properties.
Historical reference
Dyeing gorse has been popular since ancient times, it was written about in the teachings of the Middle Ages. In the past, in France and Italy, sacking was made from the stalk of the dyeing gorse, which was not inferior in quality to modern products. A rather resistant yellow dye was obtained from gorse flowers, which was used to dye woolen and linen fabrics. The dye was of particular importance in the production of carpets: it was used to dye carpet threads. Green paint was also made from the leaves and shoots of the plant. Hence the name of the plant - "dyeing gorse".
Literature
1. Biological encyclopedic dictionary / Ch. ed. M. S. Gilyarov) 2nd ed., corrected. M.: Sov. Encyclopedia. 1989.
2. Gubanov, I. A. et al. 793. Genista tinctoria L. Dye gorse // Illustrated guide to plants of Central Russia. In 3 t. M .: T-in scientific. ed. KMK, In-t technologist. issl., 2003. V. 2. Angiosperms (dicotyledonous: dicotyledonous). S. 436.
3. Dudchenko L. G., Kozyakov A. S., Krivenko V. V. Spicy-aromatic and spicy-tasting plants: a Handbook / Ed. ed. K. M. Sytnik. K.: Naukova Dumka, 1989. 304 p.
4. Elenevsky A.G., M.P. Solovyova, V.N. Tikhomirov // Botany. Systematics of higher or land plants. M. 2004. 420 p.
Other plant names:
bloodthirsty gorse, yellow paint, yellow dye flower, greenfinch, dill.
Brief description of gorse dyer:
Gorse dye (bloodthirsty) - This is a shrub 30-60 cm high with branched, erect, furrowed stems of bright green color, without thorns, with adpressed hairs at the top.
The leaves are alternate, sessile, elliptical or lanceolate, dark green and glabrous on the upper side, lighter, ciliated on the lower side; lateral veins very visible, stipules curved. Moth-shaped flowers, collected in terminal multi-flowered racemes up to 60 mm long, golden yellow, on pedicels; calyx glabrous, 5-partite, two-lipped, drooping; corolla with egg-shaped flag, hollow; pedicels with two bracts, equal in length to the calyx. The fruit is a large 6–10 seeded bean. Blossoms from June to August, fruits ripen in August - September.
Places of growth:
Grows in dry sparse forests, pine forests, along forest edges, among shrubs, on hillsides, on carbonate, sandy soils. Distributed in the European part of Russia and in Western Siberia.
Growing:
Propagated by cuttings or seeds. It grows quickly, photophilous, drought-resistant, frost-resistant, unpretentious to the soil, but better development reaches on well-drained, sandy-soddy soils, in sunny places.
Gorse preparation:
For medicinal purposes, the upper leafy part of the branches with flowers is collected. They are harvested during flowering and loosely placed in baskets. Dry under a canopy or in a dryer at a temperature of 45-50°C. The finished raw material should be green, without impurities of darkened parts. Stored in cardboard boxes for 1 year.
The chemical composition of the dyeing gorse:
The chemical composition is not well understood. The plant contains essential oil, alkaloids (cytisine, methylcytisine, spartein), tannins, flavonoids, vitamin C. The flowers contain essential oil, yellow pigments (genistein and luteolin), giving a yellow color.
All these active substances form the basis of the chemical composition of the dyed gorse (bloodthirsty).
Pharmacological properties of gorse dye:
The pharmacological properties of gorse are determined by its chemical composition.
Preparations from the dyeing gorse have a diuretic, choleretic, laxative, blood-purifying and analgesic effect.
Infusion and decoction of gorse have a diuretic, laxative, choleretic, lactogenic and vasoconstrictive effect, stimulate the function of the thyroid gland, and contract the uterine muscle.
An infusion of the green parts of the dyer's gorse has a distinct vasoconstrictive effect, excites respiration, and may stimulate the function of the thyroid gland. The fruits have an anthelmintic effect.
The use of gorse in medicine, gorse treatment:
With edema of cardiac and renal origin, dropsy (abdomen), exhaustion, hepatitis, rheumatism, gout, cystitis, furunculosis, ringworm, allergic dermatitis, scrofula, migraine, salt deposits, as well as with ascites, asthenia, venereal diseases, bone fractures, rickets , hypotension, bronchial asthma(as a blood purifier) apply infusion and decoction of the aerial parts.
In diseases of the thyroid gland, the beneficial effect of the plant was noted.
In case of low thyroid function, gorse acts like thyreodine. During the experiments, the possibility of its use in chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, metabolic polyarthritis, urolithiasis, cholecystitis and hemorrhoids was revealed. A distinct effect was obtained with hypothyroidism and metrorrhagia.
The plant has antibacterial and estrogenic activity, it is recommended for diuretic preparations (for urological and nephrological diseases), externally - for gargling, for skin lesions with a fungus, furunculosis, lichen, scrofula.
Dosage forms, method of application and doses of gorse dye preparations:
From grass (branches with leaves), flowers, fruits, seeds and rhizomes of gorse, effective medicines and forms are made that are used in the treatment of many diseases. Let's consider the main ones.
Infusion of gorse herb dye:
Brew 1/2 liter of boiling water 1 tsp. or 1 tbsp. l. herbs, insist, wrapped, 2 hours, strain. Take 1 tbsp. l. 3 times a day.
Infusion of the upper branches with flowers of dyed gorse:
Pour 2.5 cups of boiling water 1 tsp. dry crushed raw materials, insist in a tightly sealed container in a warm place for 2 hours, strain. Take 1 tbsp. l. 3 times a day, 15-20 minutes before meals. Infusion and decoctions of gorse are used for liver diseases, all types of jaundice, as a laxative, diuretic, and for various skin diseases. Outwardly, it is prescribed for skin lesions with a fungus, furunculosis, lichen, scrofula and for gargling.
A decoction of the upper branches with flowers of dyed gorse:
Brew 1/2 liter of water 1 tbsp. l. dry crushed raw materials, put on fire, bring to a boil. Boil in a sealed container over low heat until 1/3 of the liquid boils away, cool and strain. Take as a diuretic, laxative and choleretic agent every other day, 2 tbsp. l. every 2 hours until the onset of effect (normalization of the functional activity of the intestines or kidneys).
A decoction of the herb gorse dye:
Brew 1/2 liter of boiling water 1 tsp. dry herbs, boil over low heat until 1/3 of the liquid has boiled away, cool and strain through 2-3 layers of gauze. Take every other day for 2 tbsp. l. every 2 hours until the onset of effect. An infusion of the herb or its decoction is used for liver diseases, all types of jaundice, dropsy, and as a laxative, diuretic and "blood-purifying" agent for various skin diseases (lichen, abscesses, scrofula).
A decoction of the herb is drunk for headaches.
A decoction of gorse seeds or flowers:
A decoction of seeds or flowers is used in the treatment of malignant tumors.
Tincture of the rhizomes of the dyer gorse:
Pour 1 liter of red wine 10 g of crushed rhizomes, leave for 10 days. Give children 1 tbsp. l. to strengthen the body and improve appetite.
Tincture of flowers and fruits of gorse dyer:
Pour 200 ml of vodka 1 tbsp. l. flowers and fruits, insist 7 days in a dry, dark place, shaking regularly. Use to remove warts and corns - apply in the form of a tampon to a sore spot. The course of treatment is 1-2 weeks. Healthy skin around is sealed with a plaster.
Contraindications for dyeing gorse:
The plant has a strong effect and is poisonous, it should be used with caution and under the supervision of a physician.
In case of poisoning with gorse dye preparations, nausea, vomiting, often with an admixture of blood, abdominal pain, dizziness and headache, hallucinations, abnormal pulse, first decrease, and then increase blood pressure, disorder, up to respiratory arrest, cyanosis, cold sweat, convulsions. May be accompanied by the development of severe hemolysis of erythrocytes. Death usually comes from respiratory arrest.
In case of poisoning with dyeing gorse, one should artificially induce vomiting, wash the stomach with a suspension of activated charcoal in a 2% solution of sodium bicarbonate. Castor oil can be used as a laxative. For convulsions, chloral hydrate (0.5 g, in an enema with mucus) or barbamyl, 20% camphor solution, or caffeine-sodium benzoate (2 ml subcutaneously) is administered. Artificial ventilation of the lungs, warm wraps and cold on the head are shown.
The legume family Leguminosae.
Gorse dyeing (lat.Genista tinctoria ) is a low shrub with simple lanceolate sharp leaves. The flowers are yellow, moth-like, collected in dense long brushes. The calyx is two-lipped, the corolla boat is blunt. Stamens ten, fused into a tube. Pistil with styloid column. The fruit of the dyer's gorse is a bare, linear, slightly bent bean. Plant height 1-1.5 m.
Folk names: yellow dye flower.
Flowering time: June July.
Spreading: found mainly in the European part of the country and in Western Siberia.
Place of growth: gorse grows along the edges of dry forests, in pine forests, along shrubs, in flood meadows and along steppe slopes on calcareous and sandy soils.
Applicable Part: grass (dried tops of stems with leaves and flowers).
Collection time: June July.
Chemical composition: it is known that dyer gorse contains essential oil, alkaloids cytisine, spartein and others, and flowers - two yellow pigments - luteolin and genistein. The plant is poisonous.
Collection and preparation: young shoots with flowers of dyed gorse are collected during flowering and dried in the shade. Make sure that no woody parts get into the collection.
Contraindications: when using gorse dye preparations, the dosage must be strictly observed. Signs of poisoning: dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting. Gorse is not used during pregnancy, coronary disease heart and arterial hypertension.
ATTENTION! The plant is poisonous.
Application:
Gorse dye has a diuretic, choleretic, laxative, "blood-purifying" and analgesic effect.
An infusion of gorse herb or its decoction is used for liver diseases, all types of jaundice, dropsy, and as a laxative, diuretic and "blood-purifying" agent for various skin diseases (lichen, abscesses, scrofula).
In Karachay-Cherkessia, a decoction of the herb dyer is drunk for headaches.
Clinical studies of the effect of an infusion from the green parts of the dyer in diseases of the thyroid gland have shown its beneficial effect. The similarity of its action with the action of thyroidin was established. A strong vasoconstrictive effect of gorse was also noted.
Outwardly, an infusion of the herb dyeing gorse is used for local baths and washings for various skin diseases.
The internal use of dyed gorse, as a poisonous plant, requires caution.
Not used in scientific medicine. Preparations from gorse dye have a tonic effect, are used for asthenia and vegetovascular dystonia of the hypotensive type. The plant has a rather strong diuretic and anti-inflammatory effect, in connection with which the infusion of gorse grass is prescribed for cardiovascular insufficiency, acute and chronic pyelonephritis and cystitis. The plant also acts as a laxative. The use of gorse in the form of tea in hypothyroidism has an effect similar to that of thyroidin.
In folk medicine, the herb is used for liver diseases, as well as for hemorrhoids. Gorse seeds are sometimes used as a laxative (an infusion at the rate of 1 tablespoon of seeds per 1 cup of boiling water is a daily dose).
Mode of application:
1) 1 teaspoon of gorse herb to infuse for 2 hours in 2 1/2 cups of boiling water, strain. Take 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.
2) Pour the crushed fruits of the dyeing gorse with vodka in a ratio of 1 to 10, leave for a week and filter. Apply as a compress.
3) 0.5 liter of water, pour 1 tablespoon of gorse herb dye and boil over low heat, evaporating the broth to 1/3 of its volume. Cool the broth and drain through cheesecloth. Take 2 tablespoons of decoction every 2 hours. The decoction is used as a diuretic, laxative and choleretic agent. Take the medicinal decoction every other day.
4) Brew 3 tablespoons of gorse bush grass with 1 cup of boiling water. Heat for 15 minutes in a 100°C water bath. Filter the infusion and squeeze out the raw material, then bring it to the initial volume with boiled water. Take 1 tablespoon 3 p. in a day. The infusion is used for uterine bleeding.
Gorse is a genus of flowering, perennial woody plants, which includes about 100 species of non-thorny or thorny shrubs, semi-shrubs and even lianas of the legume family.
Regions are native to most species Western Europe, Mediterranean and Northwest Africa.
In care, gorse is absolutely unpretentious and, under favorable conditions, is able to enliven the garden for many years with its bright colors.
Common garden species
English gorse (Genista anglica). This plant can grow up to 1 meter in height, but often its height does not exceed half a meter. Prefers acidic, peaty soils.
The flowering period begins at the end of May and lasts about a month. Has long spines. Does not differ in high winter hardiness. Propagated by cuttings and seeds. Rooting of summer cuttings is quite good. Growth rates are average.
Genista anglica
Gorse german photo (Genista germanica). Deciduous shrub up to 0.6 m tall and up to 120 cm in diameter. It has pubescent straight branches with small spikes at the base. Shrub shoots end with beautiful golden inflorescences. Very unpretentious. Blooms from June to July.
Care consists of periodic pruning of the bush. Needs shelter for the winter. Perfect for growing in rocky gardens and rock gardens.
Genista germanica Grows in light (sandy) to medium (loamy) well-drained soils, but can tolerate nutrient-poor soil. Prefers full sun and dry to slightly moist soil and can tolerate drought well.
Spanish gorse (Genista hispanica). An extremely hardy and winter hardy species that is suitable for growing in hot and dry areas.
It adapts well to most substrates, but prefers not too fertile, dry soils and full sun. Flowering begins in late spring. Growing, the shoots form a spherical shape about 60 cm high.
Genista hispanica Gorse Lydian (Genista lydia). The most popular undersized species, forming compact round half-meter bushes with light green foliage. Spreading up to 150 cm wide. In spring it is covered with small bright yellow flowers. Blooms until early June. Stems erect, thin.
Genista lydia In nature, it grows on dry, sunny hillsides in southern France and northern Spain, reacting to more fertile soils with a decrease in the number of flowers. It grows at a slow pace and ideal conditions a life expectancy of 20 years can be expected.
In the care unpretentious and frost-resistant. Pruning will help maintain the beautiful shape of the bushes and rejuvenate them.
Downy gorse (Genista pilosa). Very popular in landscaping, a fast-growing semi-shrub with creeping stems that form a beautiful carpet no higher than 40 cm. Spread 61-90 cm. Bright yellow fragrant flowers appear in May. Drought tolerant, loves sandy, rocky soils and full sun.
Genista pilosa grade Vancouver gold Maintains temperature in the winter to - 7 degrees. Therefore, shelter or high snow cover is necessary.
Gorse lancet (Genista sagittalis). Forms a green cover of evergreen creeping 30 cm stems that grow until frost. The leaves are elliptical, 5-20 mm long, the flowers of a rich yellow hue are collected at the ends of the shoots in short dense brushes.
Genista sagittalis Widely distributed in Central Europe (southern Belgium, southern Spain, Greece). Propagated very easily by cuttings from summer shoots. Very unpretentious and easily grown on dry sandy soils.
Bloodthirsty or dyeing gorse (Genista tincioria). A non-thorny fast growing shrub native to the region from central Europe to Siberia. The height of the plant is from 30 to 100 cm, the width of the bush is about a meter.
Shoots slightly branched, thin with smooth green leaves. Beautiful yellow flowers are collected in racemes located at the tops of the branches. Flowering time June-July.
Dye gorse is propagated by seeds that ripen in bean-like pods. Sow them in autumn. Dye Gorse can be propagated by cuttings, but rooting is problematic without stimulants.
Gorse Dye Variety Golden Template Easily grown on relatively poor, dry, sandy or calcareous permeable soils. Prefers sunny places. Drought tolerant, but can tolerate temporary excess moisture. Withstands temperatures as low as -35°C.
All garden types of culture look great in group planting, on slopes, in composition with low conifers, contrasting flowers, cereals, sedum, shrubs such as privet, barberry, deutsia, weigela, loosestrife, etc.
Grass royal gold photo useful properties and contraindications planting and care description plant medicinal properties Latin name
The Latin name is Genista tinctoria L.
Common names: yellow dye flower.
Description
. Large, strongly branched shrub of the legume family 50-150 cm high.
The stem is erect or recumbent, branched at the base, rarely simple, later woody, bears long rose-like lateral shoots, which often branch profusely, taking the form of a broom.
They have bare lanceolate leaves, dark green on the upper side. The leaves are alternate, simple, elongated along the axis, 1.5-4 cm long, ellipsoid, entire, oblong-lanceolate, glabrous or pubescent, with lateral veins on the plates.
It blooms for a long time, from May to August (flowering time varies significantly depending on the habitat), the fruits ripen in July - August, gives abundant self-seeding (excellent).
Yellow moth flowers, collected in long racemes at the ends of the branches, give this medicinal plant a very beautiful appearance.
Medium-sized flowers are collected in loose cluster-shaped long brushes located on the tops of stems and branches, up to 1.5 cm long. Corolla yellow, of 5 unequal size and shape of the petals.
The fruit is an oblong laterally flattened bean grain, naked or pubescent, with short villi.
Ripens in August - September.
Spreading
It is quite common in Europe (except the Alps) and in Asia. It grows most often but at the edges of forests, in dry clearings, in oak forests and pine forests, as well as along slopes.
R distributed in the Baltic, the Volga region, the upper reaches of the Dnieper, Western Siberia, the Don and the Ob. It grows in light, dry forests, among shrubs, on the edges and slopes of hills. Prefers carbonate and sandy soils. Found throughout Europe.
It grows among shrubs and in light forests.
cultivation
Gorse is undemanding to soil and moisture. This is a photophilous plant, but can grow in low shading.
Agricultural technology
In early spring, gorse is fed with organic or mineral fertilizers at the rate of 30-40 g/m 2 , and in autumn 2-3 kg/m 2 of organic fertilizers are applied.
reproduction
Propagated by seeds and vegetatively - by dividing the bush. Seeds are sown before winter in grooves to a depth of 2-2.5 cm. The soil is slightly rolled after sowing.
Varieties
Has several varieties.
Chemical composition
Active ingredients
The aerial part contains alkaloids (cytisine, methylcytisine, etc.), vitamin C, tannins and flavonoids. An essential oil was found in the flowers.
gorse flower Application
The plant is used to dye fabrics yellow.
food application
It is not used in food as the plant is poisonous.
Use in landscape design
Gorse in open places looks beautiful in the form of small curtains. The bright yellow flowers blend beautifully with the green leaves. Gorse dye is highly winter-hardy and drought-resistant (excellent), slightly affected by pests and diseases (good), dust and gas resistant. It is decorative with a loose, low crown and abundant flowering. Decorative durability 10-20 years. Suitable for alpine slides and curbs and as soil-retaining.
medicinal use
This medicinal plant is used in folk medicine as a tonic after a serious illness, as a blood purifier and to remove stones and sand from Bladder. In addition, dyer is also recommended for constipation, rheumatic and gouty pains, against delays in menstruation and for minor complaints from the heart.
The main action is a diuretic laxative. The vasodilating effect of extracts from this plant has also been proven.
Collection and processing of medicinal raw materials
Medicinal raw material is the upper leafy part of the branches with flowers. Young shoots with flowers are collected during flowering and dried in the shade, loosely placed in baskets. Make sure that lignified parts do not get into the collection. Dry under a canopy or in a dryer at a temperature of 45 ... 50 ° C. The finished raw material should be green, without impurities of darkened parts. Stored in cardboard boxes for 1 year.
Application in official and traditional medicine
Infusion and decoction of gorse have a diuretic, laxative, choleretic, lactogenic and vasoconstrictive effect, stimulate the function of the thyroid gland, and contract the uterine muscle.
They are used for edema of cardiac and renal origin, inflammation of the liver, urinary and gallbladder, as well as for rheumatism, gout and allergic dermatitis. They are effective in uterine bleeding, bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis.
Gorse is included in the fees for the treatment of kidneys, urological diseases, hypertension and asthenic conditions. Outwardly, it is prescribed for skin lesions with a fungus, furunculosis, lichen, scrofula and for gargling. Flowers and fruits are used to remove warts. To do this, they insist on vodka for 5-7 days in a ratio of 1:10. On a sore spot impose on the night in the form of a tampon. The course of treatment is 7-10 days. Healthy skin around is sealed with a plaster.
To prepare a diuretic, laxative and choleretic decoction, 15 g of dry grass is poured into 0.5 liters of raw water, boiled over low heat until 1/3 of the liquid has boiled away, cooled and filtered through two or three layers of gauze. Take every other day, 2 tablespoons every 2 hours until the onset of effect.
Infusion of gorse dyeing. A teaspoon of raw materials is poured with a glass of boiling water, insisted for 30 minutes. Strain and drink a tablespoon three times a day before meals.
Recipes for various diseases
Diabetic polyneuritis
A decoction of gorse shoots
100 g of dry crushed raw materials (shoots, leaves and flowers) are poured with 10 liters of water and boiled for 5 minutes, insisted in a warm place for 30 minutes. Strain into a bath (temperature 37 ° C) and take it for 12 - 14 minutes. The course of treatment of 12 baths for diabetic polyneuritis.
Wart removal
Infuse 1 tablespoon of crushed flowers and fruits in 100 ml of vodka for 5-7 days, moisten a swab with tincture and apply on the wart overnight. Cover the skin around the wart with a band-aid.
Gorse dyeing Contraindications
Dye gorse is a poisonous plant, so it should be used only under the supervision and as directed by a doctor.
Dye gorse seeds are poisonous
Contraindicated in persons with high blood pressure.
By Medicinal Plants. Encyclopedia
(Genista tinctoria L.)
Russian names: Teresa, Chistik.
Belarusian: zhautazel farbavalny, hares garokh.
Ukrainian: dyeing dris, zhovtilo, arched.
Semi-shrub of the legume family (Fabaceae), up to 170 cm high. Stems are branched, erect, furrowed, bright green in color, with adpressed hairs at the top, dying off in severe winters. Leaves sessile, alternate, linear or lanceolate, entire, along the edges along the veins with fluff. The flowers are bright yellow, moth-like, collected in a dense apical leafy brush. The fruit is large naked, slightly bent,
6-10 seeded bean, black. Blossoms in June-July, fruits ripen in August-September. Distributed in the Baltic States, the Volga region, the upper reaches of the Dnieper, Western Siberia, the Don and the Ob. It grows on dry and fresh sandy and loamy soils in pine and mixed forests, among shrubs, along forest roads. Prefers carbonate and sandy soils.
The plant is poisonous, especially the seeds!
Since ancient times, gorse has served as an ornamental and medicinal plant. Information about it can be found in ancient and medieval authors - scientists, writers, poets (Virgil, Calumella, Pliny the Elder, Martial).
Collection and drying of raw materials.Medicinal raw material is the aerial part of the dyeing gorse, which is harvested during the flowering period and loosely placed in baskets. Dry in the shade under awnings, in well-ventilated rooms or in dryers at a temperature of 45-50 ° C. The shelf life of raw materials is 1 year.
Chemical composition.The whole plant contains alkaloids (up to 0.33%), the leaves and stems contain essential oil (up to 0.02% during flowering). In the seeds - anagirin, sidete-in, methylcytisine, cytisine; in flowers - pigments luteolin and genistein, giving them a yellow color, and essential oil (up to 0.04%).
pharmacological properties.The plant has hemostatic, diuretic, diaphoretic, laxative, choleretic, tonic and sedative properties. A strong vasodilating and antibacterial effect of the infusion of the aerial part was noted.
Application in medicine.Roots. In folk medicine - with jaundice, malaria, heart weakness, thyroid disease, uterine bleeding; as a diuretic for nephritis and edema of cardiac origin; as a means of promoting the excretion of chlorides from the body, with salt diathesis, constipation; as well as in mixtures for the treatment of nephritis, gout, arthritis, rheumatism.
Aboveground part. In homeopathy fresh, the essence is antibacterial. In folk medicine, decoction, infusion - for edema of cardiac and renal origin, hepatitis, rheumatism, gout, cystitis, furunculosis, ringworm, allergic dermatitis, scrofula, migraine, salt deposition, ascites, asthenia, venereal diseases, bone fractures, rickets, hypotension, thyroid disease. In Ukraine - with bronchial asthma. Recommended for diuretic preparations for urological and nephrological diseases, externally - for gargling. In Karachay-Cherkessia, a decoction is used for headaches.
Leaves, fruits. To remove warts, calluses.
Flowers, seeds. In the USA - with malignant tumors. In folk medicine, tincture is used to remove warts.
Dosage forms, method of administration and doses. 'A decoction of gorse grass: 15 g of raw material is poured into 500 ml of raw water, boiled over low heat until 1/3 of the liquid has boiled away, cooled and filtered through 2-3 layers of gauze. Take every other day, 2 tablespoons every 2 hours until the onset of effect. It is used as a diuretic, laxative and choleretic agent.
* Infusion of grass and gorse flowers: 1 tablespoon of raw material is poured into 500 ml of boiling water, insisted, then filtered. Take 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.
* Tincture of flowers and fruits of gorse: raw materials are poured with vodka in a ratio of 1:10 and infused for 5-7 days. On a sore spot impose on the night in the form of a tampon. The course of treatment is 7-10 days. Healthy skin around is sealed with a plaster.
CONTRAINDICATIONS AND POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS: When using large amounts of gorse, poisoning similar to nicotine poisoning can occur. Care must be taken in using the plant, as the plant is poisonous.
Application in other areas.In Eastern Transcaucasia, young shoots and flower buds are eaten, blanched and then pickled. From flowers and other parts of the gorse, a persistent yellow dye is obtained for woolen, linen and cotton fabrics. Yellow paint is used in carpet making. Leaves and shoots also yield green dye. The stems contain fiber suitable for the production of tissues. For this purpose, the gorse was used by the peasants of France and Italy, who made coarse fabrics such as burlap from it. Fixes sandy soils. Enriches the soil with nitrogen. Decorative, can be used for group plantings and borders in lightly shaded areas.
