About Movlid, which is read in the North Caucasus. The order of the mawlid But what can be considered an innovation or an innovation
Mawlid is an event held by Muslims to express joy to our beloved Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him). During the time of the Companions, Muslims were with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and knew him well, so there was no need to organize special meetings where they talk about the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and his virtues. And in the era of tabi ‘ins, Muslims everywhere and always talked about the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and followed his hadiths, so there was also no urgent need for mawlids. Then, gradually, people began to forget about the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and the pious Ulama scholars recommended from time to time to organize special majlises so that people would not forget the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him). From that time on, the tradition of holding Mawlids began.
The day on which the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) was born is one of the most revered days of the year and falls on the 12th day of the month of Rabi ‘-ul-Awwal. Undoubtedly, those who sincerely rejoice at the birth of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), sins are forgiven. Of course, this day and this month should be highlighted especially, in particular, by holding a mawlid, although Muslims should constantly remember their Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and study his life and work. Therefore, one should not limit oneself to conducting only the Mawlid of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), but it is necessary to acquire as much knowledge about it as possible.
Mawlid means a story about the life of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), his praise, treats to the poor and other Muslims. Indeed, reading, listening, and describing the miraculous events connected with his life and prophetic mission is a great boon. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) himself liked to recount such events. The very form of holding the Mawlid contains only good things, as people gather to commemorate Allah Almighty, remember and express joy on the occasion of the birth of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), the joy of the mercy of the Almighty, who made us from the community of Muhammad (may Allah bless him and greetings), read blessings to him and perform other good deeds that Muslims need to do at every opportunity, especially in the month of the birth of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him).
Meetings for the performance of mawlids are the greatest way to call to Allah, moreover, scholars and callers to the path of Allah need to constantly remind people of the Prophet's disposition, his states, worship and other areas of his life.
The first person to celebrate the birthday of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) was the Prophet himself (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), as mentioned in the hadith narrated by Muslim. When the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) was asked about fasting on Monday, he replied: “This is the day I was born.” These words of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) indicate that holding Mawlid is a good deed in accordance with the Sharia.
Here are some statements about the mawlid of prominent people of Islam.
Ma'ruf al-Kurhi stated the following: "Whoever invited the brothers in faith to the Mawlid, having prepared food, he will rise along with the prophets on the Day of Judgment." May the Almighty raise us on the Day of Judgment along with the prophets!
Fakhrudin al-Razi said: “There is not a single case where there is no grace (barakat) from food on which a mawlid was performed. If at least a small part of this food is mixed with other products, then the person who has tasted them will be cleansed of sins. If someone drinks the water on which the mawlid was read, then his heart will be filled with radiance (nur) and get rid of ailments and diseases. And the barakat from the money with which they performed the Mawlid passes to all the money with which they are mixed.
Imam al-Shafi’i said: “The refuge for the one who called the brothers in faith to his house for Mawlid, having prepared food, will be Naim Paradise.
Saryu Sakati noted: "Whoever left the house with the intention of visiting the Mawlid, he is one of those who yearn to visit the Gardens of Eden."
In the house in which the Mawlid is performed, the mercy of Allah descends. Angels surround this house, it is filled with nur, and grace descends on all those present. The inhabitants of this house are blessed by the angels Jabrail, Mikail, Israfil and Israel (peace be upon them). This is what the great alim as-Suyuti said.
The eminent scholar and expert on hadith, Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, said that the mawlid stands on a solid foundation, because the hadith says: “When the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) arrived in Medina, he found that the Jews were fasting on the day of Ashura. He asked them about the reason for this fast and they replied that this is the day on which Allah drowned the pharaoh and saved the prophet Musa, and they spend it in fasting as a token of gratitude to Allah Almighty. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “We are closer to Musa than you are,” and from that day he also began to exalt the day of Ashura by fasting.
It follows that in this way the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) expressed gratitude for the blessings of Allah and for the salvation of Musa from trouble on a certain day, and repeated this good deed every year. And gratitude to Allah is manifested by various worships, such as prostration, fasting, almsgiving, reading the Koran. And what mercy can be greater than the appearance of the Chosen One of Allah, the Prophet of Mercy (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), for the Almighty in the Qur'an says that He showed mercy to the believers by sending them a Messenger from their own midst.
Thus, all the recognized and well-known Muslim Ulama, who knew the subtleties and depth of our religion, for many centuries, without any doubt, approved and carried out Mawlids. There were many reasons for this, including the following:
The manifestation of love for the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), and therefore, rejoice at his birth, which Allah Almighty commands us. Allah told us to rejoice in mercy, and the Prophet is the greatest mercy, because Allah said that He sent the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) only as a mercy to all the worlds. Even the infidel benefited from this joy. When Abu Lahab was informed by his slave Suwayba of the joy of the birth of Muhammad, he freed her from slavery. The uncle of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) ‘Abbas then had a dream that for this reason, every Monday, Abu Lahab was relieved of the torment for sins. If even Abu Lahab, a notorious apostate and sinner, the Almighty eases the torment for the joy of the birth of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), then true Muslims who recognize the Unity of the Creator, who love, honor the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), rejoicing in the day and month where he was born, what will be the reward on the Day of Judgment?!
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) valued and exalted the day of his birth, thanked Allah Almighty for having created it and gave life, praised him for this blessing. This exaltation was expressed by the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) in fasting on Mondays.
Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) approved when poets sang about him in their works.
Mawlid is a gathering of Muslims to express joy on the occasion of the birth of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and love for him. The hadith says that on the Day of Judgment, a person will be next to the one he loved.
On the Mawlid, the blessing of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) is repeatedly fulfilled. Allah Almighty says that He Himself and His angels bless the Prophet, and tells us that we should also diligently bless and greet him. On the Day of Judgment, whoever called blessings on the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) will receive his intercession (shafa ‘at).
The chanting of mawlid, poetic narrations about the birth of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), about his life and prophetic mission, contributes to obtaining knowledge about the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), and reminds the one who has such knowledge times, and this causes experiences that contribute to strengthening the love for the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and the strengthening of faith (iman).
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) drew attention to the connection of time with a long-past religious event, and when this time came, it served as a chance to recall this event and glorify this day. This was also mentioned in the above hadith about the day ‘Ashura.
Speaking about the dignity of Friday, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "Adam was created in it." Thus, the time is honored, about which it is established that the prophet Adam was created on this day. What can be said about the day in which the best Prophet and Messenger of Allah, Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was born.
In Islam, the gathering of Muslims for joint worship and study of religion, the distribution of alms and various gifts are highly valued, for the hadith of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) says: “Rejoice each other, give each other gifts.” “From the one who distributes sadaqah, Hell moves away for 70 years,” says another saying of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).
Indeed, the mere fact that during the Mawlid, people protect themselves from sins, is sufficient in itself to recognize its benefits.
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The word "Mavlid" in Arabic means "place of birth" or "time of birth". This word means the birth of the Prophet Muhammad, as well as the tradition of celebrating this event - “Mawlid An-Nabiy”, “Mawlid Ash-Sharif”.
Muhammad was the last Prophet and Messenger of the Supreme Creator. He was born on the 12th of the month of Rabiul-auwal in the Year of the Elephant (1). Through his call, the good news of the Truth has spread throughout the world.
Traditionally, Muslims celebrate the Mawlid of the Prophet throughout the month of Rabi’ al-awwal, and it is also customary for some nations to hold Mawlid at religious meetings at any time of the year.
At the time of the Prophet, Muslims did not celebrate his birth, and the tradition to celebrate this event appeared later. Thus, Mawlid is one of the good innovations in Islam.
For the first time, Mawlid was widely celebrated at the beginning of the 7th century AH on the initiative of the ruler of the Irbil (2) area, Muzaffar Abu Said Kaukabriy. He was a pious Muslim and a famous scholar of the time. He was supported by other scientists who also participated in these celebrations. Since then, this tradition has spread throughout the world, and the texts of Mawlid (3) in verse form, praising the Prophet, were written by Muslim scholars in different languages. And to this day, during the Mawlid, Muslims recite these verses.
One of the most famous texts of Mawlid - "Qasida Burda" - was written by the outstanding scholar and poet Salih Sharafuddin Muhammad Al-Busyriy, who lived in the 7th century AH. This poem was widely disseminated in many Arab countries, as well as in the Caucasus, Asia and other places. It is recognized as one of the greatest testimonies of love for the Messenger of Allah. Here is a brief history of how this poem came about.
It so happened that Imam Al-Busyriy was paralyzed, and half of his body became immobile. But, despite a serious illness, he asked Allah to give him inspiration to compose a poem expressing the greatness and superiority of the Messenger of Allah - Muhammad. And Allah granted him to write beautiful verses. Composing the final part of the poem, he began to read it from the very beginning and fell asleep during the reading. In a dream he saw the Messenger of Allah. The Prophet put his cloak (in Arabic “Burda”) on his body and passed his blessed hand over it. When Imam Al-Busyriy woke up, he was healthy!
Unfortunately, in our time, sects have appeared that oppose the holding of Mawlid. The main opponent of the Mawlid is the Wahhabi sect (4). They reject this tradition on the grounds that it is an innovation, and they consider any innovation a delusion.
The linguistic meaning of the concept of "innovation" (5) is something that did not exist before. And in Religion, this is something that is not mentioned verbatim in the Koran and hadiths. According to Sharia, innovations are divided into permitted and prohibited.
In the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad, which was transmitted by Imam Muslim in the book "Sahih" from Jarir ibn Abdullah Al-Bajaliy, the meaning is said: “Whoever introduces a good innovation into Islam (6) will receive a reward for it, as well as a reward for those who follow his example, and at the same time their reward will not decrease. And whoever tries to introduce a bad innovation into Islam will receive a sin for it, as well as a sin for those who followed his example, and at the same time their sins are not reduced.
Some good innovations were introduced by the righteous caliphs themselves. They also approved of the good innovations introduced by other pious Muslims during their reign.
For example:
- The first caliph Abu Bakr As-Siddiq ordered to collect the entire text of the Holy Quran into one book (Mus-haf). During the time of the Prophet, people memorized the Qur'an, and some verses were written on pieces of leather and other materials. Abu Bakr ordered that the full text of the Qur'an be compiled into a book for the preservation of the Holy Scriptures. This work was completed during the reign of the third Caliph Uthman ibn Affan.
- The second caliph Umar ibn Al-Khattab was the first to gather people to perform Namaz Tarawih collectively behind one imam and said that this was a good innovation. Before that, people performed Namaz Tarawih separately.
- The third Caliph Uthman ibn Affan introduced an additional Adhan for Friday Namaz. This Azan sounds as soon as the time for Namaz Zuhr comes, and means that the Sermon will begin soon.
- During the reign of the fourth caliph, Ali ibn Abu Talib, dots and vowels were used for the first time when writing the text of the Koran. This was done by the Tabiy scholar Yahya ibn Yamar. His innovation was accepted and approved, as it facilitated the reading and study of the Holy Scriptures.
- During the reign of Caliph Umar ibn Abdul-Aziz, mihrabs (7) and minarets were made.
Thus, there are many good innovations in Islam that Muslims have been using for a long time. However, those who oppose the holding of Mawlid do not reject them. Moreover, they themselves use them, such as, for example, calendars for determining the times of Namaz, which appeared only 300 years ago, and even print and distribute them.
When Muslims began to celebrate Mawlid, this innovation was approved by Islamic scholars from east to west, including Hafiz Ahmad ibn Hajar Al-Askalyaniy and his student Hafiz As-Sakhawy, as well as Hafiz As-Suyuty and others.
Hafiz As-Suyuty wrote in his article: “The proof of the permissibility of holding Mawlid was derived from the hadith by the great hafiz (8) Abul-Fadl Ahmad ibn Hajar. And I deduced the second proof ... ".
He also wrote in this article: “The basis for holding Mawlid is that people gather together, read the verses of the Holy Duran, talk about the significant events that occurred during the birth of the Prophet Muhammad, and distribute treats. If the Mawlid is carried out in this way, then this innovation is approved by the Sharia, and for this the Muslims are rewarded, as they do it to exalt the Prophet Muhammad and show their joy on the occasion of his birth.
One of the objections of sectarians against Mawlid is based on the fact that some people commit sins during it.
In fact, many people commit sins even while performing obligatory rituals, such as reading verses in Namaz with errors or breaking the rules in the Hajj. However, no one cancels the performance of fards on this basis. In such a situation, it is right to correct the sinner.
Similarly, during the gatherings of believers on holidays or in mosques, some people commit sins (for example, gossip or read dhikrs with errors). But this does not mean that they should be forbidden to gather together or not let them go to the mosque.
And during Mawlid, some people make mistakes and commit sins: they distort the Name of God “Allah”, read the Koran incorrectly, use forbidden musical instruments, and also tell fictional stories about the Prophet that contradict Religion. Some of them say that the first creation of Allah is the light of the Prophet from His light - this is against the beliefs of Muslims! These beliefs are contrary to the Quran!
However, such reprehensible actions of some people are not a reason to prohibit the celebration of Mawlid, but it is necessary to prohibit what is contrary to Shariah.
Celebrating Mawlid - the birth of the Prophet Muhammad - is a permissible and approved deed. In the celebration of this joyful event, there is a special blessing and barakah. Mawlid renews and strengthens in a Muslim the love for the Messenger of Allah and the desire to do as he taught.
There are many ways to express gratitude to Allah: by performing additional prayers, observing Fasting, reading the Koran, distributing alms to those in need. And how not to express gratitude to Allah Almighty for such a great blessing - the birth of the Prophet Muhammad!
Therefore, Muslims around the world conduct Mawlid, following the good tradition of pious ancestors. Believers gather in houses and mosques to share the joy of this great event together, read the Holy Quran, talk about the life of the Prophet Muhammad, listen to religious lessons and chants (madihi, munajats), glorifying the Creator and praising His Messenger, treat the audience and distribute alms to the poor. All these are good deeds for which a reward is promised.
It follows from this that the holding of Mawlid is an innovation approved by Sharia, and in no case should this be denied or prohibited. On the contrary, it can be called sunnah, as the Prophet himself said: “Whoever introduces a good innovation into Islam (9) will receive a reward for it, as well as a reward for those who follow his example, and at the same time their reward will not decrease.”
Those who forbid the celebration of Mawlid have themselves deviated from the path of truth - Ahlus-sunna wal-jamaa. In words, they oppose any innovations (10), call themselves "Salafis" and consider that they are fighters for the "purity of Islam." But in fact, their beliefs are the very dangerous innovations that the Prophet warned about! Namely, the distortion of the very foundations of the Faith: likening Allah to the created ones, attributing to Him the location, movement, organs, and so on - all this is not Islam!
They oppose not only Mawlid, but also forbid the muezzin to read salawat aloud after adhan, praising the Prophet Muhammad, and also forbid heading towards the grave of the Messenger of Allah, reading the dua. They forbid using the relics of the Prophet for blessing (tabarruq) and addressing Allah through His Messenger (tawassul). They say that after the death of the Prophet there is no use from him and therefore they forbid Muslims to address him with the words: “O Muhammad!”
Doesn't all this mean that in fact, hatred is hidden in their hearts for the best of creatures - our beloved Prophet?!
Indeed, Allah knows what is in their hearts, and the time of Account will come.
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1 - 53 years before the Migration (Hijri), that is, approximately in the year 570 of the Gregorian calendar
2 - located in Iraq
3 - stories about the birth and life of the Prophet Muhammad
4 - Wahhabis - followers of the erring Muhammad ibn Abdul-Wahhab. This sect likens the Creator to the created, attributing to Him a body and a place.
5 - in Arabic - [bid'a]
6 - a good innovation is called "sunnah-hasana" in the hadith
7 - recess in the wall of the mosque, indicating the direction of Qibla
8 - literally "imam hafiz", that is, the head of the hafiz
9 - a good innovation is called "sunnah-hasana" in the hadith
10 - even if they say that there are innovations allowed, but only in the field of technological progress
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Mawlid - a symbol of sincere love for the Prophet, peace be upon him
Very soon, Muslims around the world will celebrate a significant event - the birth of the Prophet Muhammad in the name of the Prophet "Muhammad" the letter "x" is pronounced as ح in Arabic, peace be upon him. This day illuminated the world with rays of truth, justice and goodness. It has become the greatest milestone in the spread of love, peace and happiness. Therefore, I would like to remind Muslims just before the onset of the month in which the Messenger was born, peace be upon him. This great event was treated with special attention and honor by our old people, from whom we, in fact, accepted this wonderful gift - the conduct of Mawlid. Do not forget about that either. that in our time, many not only do not understand the essence of Maulid (Mevlud), but also simply do not know what it is. Given this fact, it would be appropriate to start with a brief description of the essence of this holiday, as well as highlight its spiritual and religious components.
This wonderful tradition is maintained in all Muslim states. A lot of books of scientists have been written about her, poems and poems are dedicated to her.
Celebration of Mawlid
The incentive that encourages ordinary believers to celebrate this holiday, and scholars to write great works, is the Ayat from the Holy Qur'an this word must be read in Arabic as - الْقُـرْآن. which says, meaning:
"And do good deeds"
In order to realize the majesty of Mawlid, to comprehend this great and good deed, it is enough for sincere people to learn about the purpose of this celebration, about the essence, and also about how it is carried out.
Mawlid is a symbol of love for the Prophet, peace be upon him. Thus, Muslims express their gratitude to Allah for the sent mercy in the person of the Great Prophet, peace be upon him. It is known that it is desirable to keep the post-Sunnah (desirable fast) on Monday. Once the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, was asked the reason why it is desirable for Muslims to observe the post-Sunna on this particular day. The Prophet, peace be upon him, replied: "On this day I was born." Thus, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, pointed out that. that fasting on this day is gratitude to Allah for sending us a Prophet, peace be upon him. If fasting on this day is allowed, being gratitude to Allah, then it follows that it is permissible to perform other good deeds in which gratitude is expressed to the Creator. Undoubtedly, such gratitude is Mevlud. This holiday, including the listed spiritual components, also covers many other aspects, which together can become an important step in spiritual development for the believer.
Despite. that this celebration in various Muslim countries has its own distinctive features, the reason for which is originality and linguistic diversity, however, one can also point to general principles characteristic of all believers.
The celebration of Mevlud, like any other event of this kind, opens with the reading of the Holy Quran. Then, while the treat is being prepared, one of the believers reads in a beautiful, singing voice the biography of the Prophet, peace be upon Him: about the birth, life and other significant events that took place in His wonderful life.
One of the features of Mevlud is the collective praise of the Prophet, peace be upon him, by reading various salauats. It is confirmed by two authentic hadiths (sayings of the Prophet, peace be upon him), that the collective praise of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, is approved by Shari'at. One of these hadiths was narrated by Imam Ahmad nbn Hanbal in his Musnad. It tells that the Ethiopians, being in the mosque of the Prophet, peace be upon him, recited praise in their own language. The prophet who heard this reading asked about the meaning of their words. They answered that these words mean: “Indeed, Muhammad is the pious servant of Allah.” And the Prophet, peace be upon him, approved this deed.
The book "Musnad al-Bazzar" says that the Ethiopians, accompanying the reading of Salauat with a dance, read: "Abul-Gasim-tayyib." This Salauat means: "Abul-Gasim is pious." Abul-Gasim is one of the names of the Prophet, peace be upon him. The Messenger, peace be upon him, being an eyewitness to this reading, did not forbid it and did not speak out against its collective performance.
Praise of the Prophet, peace be upon him, is one of the types of ‘ibada (worship of Allah). Gathering together, Muslims in the moments of the holiday can feel the unity of hearts in love for the Great Prophet, peace be upon him. At these moments, believers feel an unprecedented unity, solidarity and love for each other. Muslims, performing this great deed, by the Will of Allah, can receive baraka (blessing) from Allah; the sick who attended such a meeting, perhaps, will leave it already being healthy, and the sad and sad will feel unprecedented strength and healing of souls and hearts.
Muslim names for boys and girls
The problem of the name of the naming is relevant to this day. With this problem, of course, each of us faced at the time of the birth of a child. We painstakingly sort through dozens of names before settling on one of the options. You always want to find something beautiful, not contrary to traditions and religion, but at the same time simple, easy to pronounce. The euphony of a name plays by no means the last role in a social society. There are cases when parents, under the influence of personal emotions and ideological ideas, called their children names that did not correspond to the moral and ethical principles in Muslim society. For example, during the all-Union building of communism in some Turkic peoples, children were given the name "Lenur" - Lenin Nury (Lenin's Light), "Marlene" - Marx and Lenin and other political names. It should also be noted the problem of the disappearance from the language of such letters as "ه" - h and "ح" - X. For example, Asan, Usein, Usnie. These are the names generally accepted in the Muslim world as the same root words “ X asan "-" " X usin" - " X yusniyay”, from Arabic - refined, graceful, good. The reason for the disappearance of the mentioned letters in the language of the Turkic peoples is the substitution of the Arabic script for Latin or Cyrillic.
Some Turkic peoples to this day preserve an interesting tradition of naming a weakened newborn by the name Tursun or Yashar, Omyur. In particular, Azerbaijanis call Dursun or assign the name of the father and mother. No one will deny the fact that the name is a kind of carrier of any information. A Muslim name can carry the memory of the family of the Prophets and their loved ones, peace be upon them. To testify to the obedience and faith of a Muslim in the existence of the One Allah, as well as on the Day of Judgment. This is noticeable in the example of names based on: ‘abd (‘ibad), safe and nur. Variants of the Arabic term "'Abd" are interpreted as: slave. A safe is like: a sword, and nur is a beam, light. Pay attention to the following names: ‘Abdullah, ‘Abdura X man, ‘Abdul To adir, ‘Abdussaamad, Seyfuddin, Nureddin and others.
It must be said that not only the newlyweds, but also their parents, grandparents take part in the process of naming a child. In most cases, the young, as a sign of respect and gratitude, leave the last word to the elders. This is actually the mentality of the Crimean Tatar people.
In the traditions of some Muslim Turks, there is a special approach to names, the wife often addresses her husband without mentioning his name. For example, an Uzbek woman calls her husband “khodzhaiyn” (but the etymology of the Russian word “master”), otasy is the father of children. In Crimean Tatar houses, and especially families with a great past, they address each other as: akai, apai or kishi, apakai, avrat, etc. The word "awrat" is applied to women because they have body parts that they must cover in front of other men. (Whole body except face and hands).
Returning directly to our topic, it is enough to recall our compatriots who have double names. For example: Kurt-Sabe. Kurt-Ali, Kurt-Asan, Kurt-Osman, Seit-Asan, Seit-Bekir, Seit-Belyal, Seit-Veli, Mambet-Ali. Let us recall the forms of names in the pre-war Crimea, these are the names of famous classics of the Crimean Tatar literature: Hasan Sabri, Hussein Shamil, Umer Fekhmi and others. Sometimes among readers there are those who confuse their second non-official names with surnames. For, as we know, in the surnames of Turkic origin there are no typical endings for the Slavic peoples such as: ov / ova, ev / eva. Currently, some Crimean Tatar cultural figures, in order to emphasize patriotism, deliberately cut off such endings from personal surnames. For example, Shakir Selim (s), Shevket Ramazan (s), Ayder Memet (s), Fetta Akim (s), Aishe Koki (eva), Sheryan Ali (ev). According to some reports, the aforementioned paired names were assigned to children in order to avoid misunderstandings between fellow villagers with the same names. Perhaps there are other motives as well. At the moment, this issue remains little studied. Along with the names, there are also various pseudonyms, nicknames. If usually creative people or less often politicians, along with a real personal name, also attribute a pseudonym to themselves, then nicknames are assigned to a certain person directly by the people around him.
With the intention of recalling the ancient traditional Muslim names, we are starting to publish the most commonly used names. The reference book of Turkic names, Arabic-Russian, Ottoman-Turkish and other dictionaries are taken as the basis of the article.
Male and female names starting with letters - A
‘Abdullah is a servant of God.
‘Abid, (‘Abide) — a worshiping, praying, believing slave.
‘Adalet – justice, justice.
‘Adil, (‘Adile) - fair. Male and Male and female name female name.
‘Azamat - greatness, magnificence.
‘Aziz, (‘Azize) — respected, revered, beloved. Male and female name
‘Azeem - determined, resolute
‘Ali is the name of the cousin of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him (‘Alie is a female name)
‘Alim (‘Alime) — wise, learned, noble. Male and female name
‘Arif - noble, intelligent
‘Abdulgaffar - Slave of Allah, Forgiving sins
Adem - Adam, the name of the first man created by Allah, the first Prophet, peace be upon him
Alemdar - standard bearer
Amin - reliable, truthful Male name and female name
Amina - the name of the mother of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him
Amir (Emir) - ruling, giving orders
Arzu - 1. Beloved of Kamber - the hero of the well-known fairy tale "Arzu ve Kamber". 2. from Persian, desire, dream
Asiya (Asie) - that was the name of the wife of the Pharaoh. A pious woman from the followers of the Prophet Musa, peace be upon him
Ahmad is one of the names of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him.
Male and female names starting with letters - B
Basyr - insightful, insightful, far-sighted
Batal - brave, brave, hero
Batyr - hero
Bakhtiyar - from Persian. Happy
Male and female names starting with letters - V
Vildan (from Ar. words brought down, commanded, evlyad) - newborn children; slaves
Male and female names with letters - G
Gevher (Jauhar) - a precious stone, pure, true, genuine
Guzul (Guzal, Gezul) - from the Turks, beautiful, good. Female name
Male and female names starting with letters - D
Dilyaver - from pers. courageous, daring, courageous
Dilara - from Persian poet. gorgeous; sweet, beautiful, soothing heart
Male and female names starting with letters Z
Zahid (Zahida) - leading an ascetic way of life. Male and female name
Zaire (Zaire) - visiting, visiting. Male and female name
Zainab (Zeyneb) - the name of the daughter of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him
Zakir (from Zikr) - mentioning the Name of God Almighty
Zarifa (Zarifa) - gentle, refined. Male and female name
Zafer - reaching the goal; victorious, winner
Zahra - flower
Zuhra is one of the names of the daughter of the Prophet, peace be upon him, Fatima
Zeki (Zekie) - pure, without impurities, natural, genuine. Male and female name
Zeki - smart, smart
Zulfiya - the one with very beautiful, lush hair
Male and female names in letters - I
Ibrahim is the name of the Prophet, peace be upon him, the father of the Prophet Ismail, peace be upon him.
Idris is the name of one of the Prophets, Peace be upon them.
Izzet - greatness, reverence.
Ilham (Ilhamie) - inspiration. Male and female them.
Ilyas is the name of one of the Prophets, peace be upon them.
Imdad - help; force sent to help
Iman is faith. Female name.
‘Inat - mercy, guardianship, care.
Irfan - knowledge. Male name.
‘Isa is the name of one of the Prophets, peace be upon them, son of Maryam, peace be upon her. Allah sent him Injil.
Islam is the name of the religion of all the Prophets, peace be upon them, from Ar. means obedience to the One God
Isma'il is the name of one of the Prophets, peace be upon them. The first son of the Prophet Ibrahim, peace be upon him, from the hajer Ismet - purity, security.
Irada (Irada) - will.
Male and female names starting with letters - K
Kamal (Kemal) - perfection.
Kerem - nobility; generosity.
Kerim (Kerime) - generous, noble. Male and female name.
Kausar (Kevser) - 108 sura from the Kor'an is the name of a paradise source.
Kamil (Kyamila) - perfect, impeccable. Male and female name.
Kader (Kadire) - powerful, strong. Male and female name
Male and female names starting with letters - L
Latife - tender, soft. Female name.
Lutfi (Lutfie) - amiable, sweet. Male and female name.
Lale - tulip.
Male and female names starting with letters - M
Mahbub (Mahbubeh) - beloved, beloved. Male and female name.
Mavlyud (Mavlyuda) - born. Male and female name.
Madina is the city in which the tomb of the Prophet Muhammad, Peace be upon him, is located.
Maryam (Meryem) is the mother of the prophet ‘Isa. peace be upon him
Madiha - praising.
Mecca - The place where the Prophet Muhammad was born, Peace be upon him and the location of the Ka'ba.
Male and female names starting with letters - H
Nadir (Nadire) - rare.
Nazim (Nazmiye) - composing.
Nazif (Nazife) - clean.
Nail (Nail) - reaching the goal.
Nafise - very valuable; beautiful.
Nedim (Nedime) - interlocutor, friend.
Nimet - good, gift.
Nureddin is the light of faith.
Male and female names starting with letters - R
Ragib (Ragibe) - wishing.
Rajab (Rejeb) is the seventh month of the lunar calendar.
Raif (Raife) kind-hearted.
Ramadan (Ramadan) is the month of fasting.
Rasim is an artist who paints.
Refat - compassionate, kind.
Male and female names starting with letters - C
Saadet is happiness.
Sabit is firm and stable.
Sabir - patient, trying on.
Sadriddin - with faith in the heart.
Said (Saide) - happy, lucky.
Sakin (Sakine) at rest.
Salih (Saliha) - pious.
Safvet - pure, clear.
Safiye - pure, without impurities.
Selim (Selime) - no flaws.
Selyamet - well-being, security.
Sefer is a journey.
Subhi (Subhi) morning.
Suleiman is the name of the Prophet, peace be upon him.
Sultan (Sultaniye) - ruler.
Male and female names starting with letters - T
Tahir (Tahire) pure, noble.
Talib - aspiring; student.
Tevfik - luck, lucky.
Male and female names in letters - U
Ulvi (Ulviye) - hill.
‘Ubaydullah is the servant of the Almighty.
Ummet is a community.
Male and female names starting with letters - F
Fazil (Fazile) - noble.
Faik (Faik'a) - excellent.
Faruk - fair.
Fatima (Fatma) is the name of the first daughter of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him.
Male and female names starting with letters - X
Khalil devotee (friend, comrade).
Halim (Halime) - soft, kind.
Khalis (Khalise) - pure, without impurity.
Khabib (Khabibe) - favorite.
Khadija is the name of the first wife of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him.
Haydar is a lion, that is, brave and bold.
Khaireddin - good from faith.
Hairi - happy, lucky.
Hakim (Hakim) - wise.
Khalil - devotee, friend, comrade.
Halim (Halime) - soft, kind.
Khalis (Khalise) - pure without impurities.
Hasan - graceful, good. The name of the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him.
Hikmet is wisdom.
Husseini - good, graceful. The name of the grandson of the prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him.
Khusniy (Khusniye) - graceful, beautiful.
Male and female names in letters - Ш
Shaaban is the eighth month of the lunar calendar.
Shemsednn - with bright faith.
Shakir (Shakire) - noble.
Shevket - majestic, important.
Shemseddin - with bright faith.
Shemsi (Shemsiye) - sunny, radiant.
The sheriff is honorary.
Shefik (Shefiqa) - kind, sincere.
Shukri (Shukriye) - giving thanks.
Male and female names starting with letters - E
Observance of Oraz in the month of Ramadan is a special worship, and it has benefits both in this life and in the next life. A fasting person has two joys: the first in this world, when he breaks his fast after fasting, and the second in the next world, when he will be given to see Allah in the name of God in Arabic "Allah", the letter "x" is pronounced like ه in Arabic without place, without image and without distance. A fasting Muslim, in shaa Allah, will enter Paradise. In addition, fasting is good for health. People who fasted in the month of Ramadan become more merciful, more sympathetic and help the poor, because they themselves had to feel the feeling of hunger and thirst. People become more God-fearing, commit less sins and quarrel less. The health of people who observe the Fast is noticeably strengthened. Therefore, you need to strive to maintain health, which you were able to improve thanks to the beneficial effects of Fasting.
In the month of Ramadan, people restrict themselves in food, as a result, the heart works with less stress and blood pressure decreases. Cholesterol level decreases, blood circulation normalizes. Therefore, fasting is especially beneficial for people suffering from cardiovascular diseases. In such patients, well-being improves markedly.
Fasting helps to reduce excess weight. It contributes to the treatment of rheumatism, as it reduces the load on the joints. Scientists state that in patients with rheumatism, the state of health improves in the month of Ramadan. First of all, it is connected with a certain diet. In the future, such patients may also have a chance to completely abandon drug treatment.
Fasting is also useful for people suffering from allergies and respiratory and bronchial diseases. Fasting is especially important for patients with bronchial asthma. If a patient with a similar ailment adheres to a certain diet for a year, then his stomach overflows less and does not put pressure on the diaphragm. Accordingly, it does not make breathing difficult.
A special diet should be followed after the month of Ramadan. You should try to limit yourself from consuming large amounts of salt and fat. As a result, excess salts in the blood are noticeably reduced and blood pressure is reduced.
Also, eating foods low in salt and fat reduces the likelihood of skin-inflammatory diseases, and in particular acne.
Restricted food intake affects the lowering of blood sugar levels in diabetic patients. Thus, the load on the pancreas is reduced, and thereby the production of excess insulin in the body is reduced.
Excessive consumption of food leads to accelerated aging of the body. This is due to a violation of the process of regeneration and cell division.
The abuse of sweets, as well as overeating, causes irreparable damage to the body, since various anomalies in the heart and liver occur due to impaired arterial circulation and increased pressure.
Indeed, for the observance of Fasting in the month of Ramadan in the name of Allah, a Muslim receives a great reward.
Adhering to Oraza means strengthening health and strength of mind in the name of Allah.
Mawlid an-NabiMawlid, or the celebration of the birth of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), is one of the pious and permitted innovations in Islam. At the time of the Prophet (peace be upon him) no such celebration took place. For the first time, Mawlid was celebrated at the beginning of the 13th century at the direction of one of the Muslim rulers, who was a God-fearing person. To conduct Mawlid, he gathered well-known hadith scholars, theologians and received approval from both Eastern and Western Islamic scholars, for example, al-Hafiz Ahmad ibn Hajar Askalani and his student al-Hafiz al-Sahavi, as well as al-Suyuti and others. As- Sahavi noted in his book "Fatawa" ("Religious Conclusions") that Mawlids began to be held after the time of the Prophet (peace be upon him), and this holiday spread throughout the countries of Islam. In the Ottoman Caliphate, Mawlid al-Nabi became an official holiday. According to the Turkish theologian Said Nursi: “Celebrating the birth of the Prophet is a good and useful tradition in Islam, because during the celebration of Mawlid, believers meet, communicate with each other, attend classes, which helps to strengthen their love for Allah and His Messenger.”
Here is how Khamidulla Almushev, a well-known theologian, a native of the Nizhny Novgorod region, describes the Mawlid holiday, which he witnessed in 1900 during the Hajj, in his book of travel notes “Haj-nameh”: holiday. On his 12th day in the mosque of Haram Sharif (Mosque of the Prophet), four khatib, ascending the minbar, read the Mawlid, and the assembled pashas, officers and soldiers are treated to sherbet. At sunrise, the reading of the khutb begins. This is accompanied by gun salvos, and jubilation reigns among the people.
During this holiday, alms are distributed, the biography of the Prophet is read (peace be upon him) with the hope of being blessed by doing such a good deed. But how does Sharia relate to the celebration of Mawlid? Does he approve or not? The talk that the holding of Mawlid is absent in the Sunnah and therefore rejected and forbidden is not substantiated in any way. There is no rule in Shariah that “everything that was not done by the Prophet (peace be upon him), is a forbidden innovation."
There are many indirect arguments in favor of Mawlid. So, one of the companions, Kyab ibn Zuhair, in the presence of the Prophet Muhammad praised him and uttered words of praise addressed to him. In addition, Hasan ibn Thabit confirmed this and also praised the Messenger of the Lord (peace be upon him) and he did not object to it.
The order of the Mawlid
1. Surah al-Fatiha
A'uzu billahi minash-shaitanir-rajim.
Bismillahir-rahmanir-rahim.
Alhamdu lillahi rabbil 'alamin. Ar-rahmanir-rahim. Maliki yaumid-din. Iyyakya na'budu wa iyyakya nasta'yn. Ihdinas-syratal-mustakym. Syratal-lyazina an'amta ‘alaihim, gairil-magdubi ‘alaihim wa lad-dallin.
I seek refuge in Allah from Satan, stoned! In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful! Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds, the Gracious, the Merciful, the Lord of the Day of Retribution! You alone we worship and You alone we pray for help. Lead us to the straight path, The path of those whom You have favored, not those on whom anger has fallen, and not those who have gone astray.
2. Surah al-Baqarah (2:285-286)
Bismillahir-rahmanir-rahim.
'Amanar-rasulu bima 'unzila 'ilaihi world-rabbihi val-mu'minun, kullun 'amana billahi va malya'ikatihi va kutubihi va rusulih, la nufarriku bayna 'ahadim-mir-rusulih, va kalyu sami'na va 'ata' na gufran kya rabbana va 'ilaykyal-masyr. La yukyallifullahu nafsan 'illya vus'aha, laha ma kasabat wa 'alayha mak tasabat, rabbana la tu'akhyzna 'in-nasina au 'akhta'na, rabbana wa la tahmil 'alayna 'isran kama hamaltahu 'alal-lyazina min cablina, rabbana wa la tuhammilna ma la takata lyana-bih, wa'fu'anna va-g-firlyana va-r-hamna'anta mawlyana fansurna 'alal-kavmil-kafirin.
The messenger and the believers believed in what was sent down to him from the Lord. They all believed in Allah, His angels, His Scriptures and His messengers. They say, "We make no distinction between His messengers." They say: “Listen and obey! We ask for Your forgiveness, our Lord, and we will arrive to You.
Allah does not burden a person beyond his capacity. He will get what he has acquired, and what he has acquired will be against him. Our Lord! Do not punish us if we have forgotten or made a mistake. Our Lord! Do not place on us the burden that You placed on our predecessors. Our Lord! Do not burden us with what we cannot afford. Be kind to us! Forgive us and have mercy! You are our Protector. Help us to prevail over unbelieving people.
3.1. Surah al-Ahzab (33:40–48)
Bismillahir-rahmanir-rahim.
Ma kyana Muhammadun 'aba 'akhadim mir-rijalikum wa lakir rasulallahi wa hataman-nabiyin, wa kanal-lahu bi-kulli shay-'in 'alima. I am 'ayyukhal-lyazina 'amanu-z-kurullaha zikran kasira. Wa sabbihuhu buk ratau-wa 'asylya. Huval-lyazi yusolli ‘alaykum va mala’ikyatuhu liyukhrija-kum minaz-zulyumati ‘ilyan-nur, va kyana bil-mu’minina rahima. Tahiyatukhum yauma yalkaunahu salam, wa 'a'adda lahum 'ajran karima. I am 'ayyuhan nabiyu 'inna 'arsalnakya shahidau-va mubashshirau-va nazira. Wa da‘yyan 'ila-llahi bi 'iznihi wa sirajam munira. Wa bashshiril-mu'minina bi'anna lahum minallahi fadlyan kabira. Wa la tuty'yl-kafirin wa-l-munafikyna wa da'y 'azakhum va tavakkal-'ala-llahi wa kafa billahi vakil.
Muhammad is not the father of any of your husbands, but is the Messenger of Allah and the Seal of the Prophets (or the last of the prophets). Allah knows about every thing. O those who believe! Remember Allah many times and praise Him in the morning and before sunset. He is the One who blesses you, and His angels also bless you to bring you out of darkness into light. He is merciful to believers. On the day they meet Him, their greeting will be the word: "Peace!" He has prepared a generous reward for them. O Prophet! We have sent you as a witness, a good messenger and a warning warner, calling to Allah with His permission and illuminating the lamp. Tell the believers the good news that Allah has a great mercy for them. Do not obey the unbelievers and hypocrites, leave the suffering they cause and trust in Allah. It is enough that Allah is the Guardian and Guardian!
3.2. Surah al-Ahzab (33:56)
'Innallah wa mala'ikyatahu yusolluna 'alyan-nabiy. I am 'ayyuhal-lyazina 'amanu sollu 'alaihi wa sallim taslima.
Indeed, Allah and His angels bless the Prophet. O those who believe! Bless him and welcome him with peace.
4.1. Kasyda (salavat makbulya)
a) Allahumma solli ‘ala sayyidina Muhammadin sayyidil-‘arabi wal-‘ajam. Waimami Makkyata wal-Madinati wal-Haram. Wa tarjumani lisanis-salafi wal-karam. Wa'allamal-insana ma lam ya'lam. Asluhu nurun wa naslyuhu Adam. Ba'suhu muahharun wa halkuhu muqaddam. Ismukhush-sharifu maktubun ‘ala-l-lauhil-mahfouz bi-yakutil-jau-hari wal-kalam. Jismukhush-sharifu madfunun fil-Madinatil-Munavvarati wal-Haram. Fatuba estuary ra'ahu wa taba'ahu wa estuary aslam. Manba‘ush-shafa‘ati yaumal-hashri van-nadam. Manba‘ush-shafa‘ati lil-‘asyna ka’ilyan - I am Rabbi Sallim Yauma, I am layat-tahalna turaba takhtil-kadam. Ummati, ummati wa ummata, I zal-lutfi wal-karam. Fa-yunadil-munadi min kibalir-Rahmanil-arham. Kabiltu shafa'atakya I nabiyal-mukhtaram.
O Allah, bless our master Muhammad, master of the Arabs and the Ajams (non-Arabs). Imam of the Sacred Mosques of Mecca and Medina. The founder of the language of the Salaf (companions) and qyaram (pious scholars), who taught a person what he did not know. Its first cause is light, and its progenitor is Adam. His message is last, but his creation is before [all]. His noble name is written in the Preserved Tablet with the precious Jauhar (Stone) and Kalyam (Feather). His noble body is buried in the Sacred Mosque of al-Haram in the Radiant Medina. Blessed are those who saw him, who followed him and who surrendered [to Allah]. He is the source of intercession on the Day of Judgment and Regret. He is the intercessor of the disobedient, saying [on the Day of Judgment]: “O Lord! Secure on the Day when we will ask: "O Lord, if You would strengthen the ground under our feet!". My ummah, my ummah, O Possessor of mercy and generosity! Then the herald will proclaim [at the command of] the Gracious and Merciful: "I have accepted your intercession, venerable Prophet."
4.2. Salavat (in chorus)
As-salatu you-salamu ‘alaykya I Rasulallah;
As-salatu you-salamu ‘alaykya I Habiballah;
As-salatu you-salamu ‘alaykya I Nabiyallah;
As-salatu you-salamu ‘alaykya ya khair halkillah.
Blessings and peace be upon you, O Messenger of Allah,
Blessings and peace be upon you, O Beloved of Allah,
Blessings and peace be upon you, O Prophet of Allah,
Blessings and peace be upon you, O best of Allah's creations.
4.3. Qasida
Udhulul-jannata la haufun ‘alaikum wa la hazanoun wa la alam. The sum of radiallahu ta‘ala ‘an Abi Bakrin wa ‘an ‘Umar wa ‘an ‘Uthmana wa ‘an ‘Aliyin zavil-karam.
The amount of radiyallahu ta‘ala ‘an hadimi shari‘atihil-imamil-a‘azam. Wa sollallahu ta'ala 'ala Muhammadin wa 'ala jami'eul-anbiya'i wal-mursalin. Wal-hamdu lillahi rabbil-'alyamin.
“Enter Paradise, where there will be no fear, no sorrow, no pain for you.” May Allah Almighty be pleased with Abu Bakr, Umar, Usman and Ali - the owners of nobility. May Allah Almighty be pleased with the servant of His religion, Imam A'zam (Abu Hanifa). May Allah bless Muhammad, all the prophets and messengers. And praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.
4.4. Completion of the Qur'an and Qasida
Subhana rabbikya rabbil-‘yzzati ‘amma yasyfun, wa salamun ‘alal-mursalin, wal-hamdu lillahi rabbil-‘alyamin.
Your Lord, the Lord of might, is pure and far from what they attribute to Him. Peace to the messengers! Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds!
5. Prayer (dua)
O Allah, bless in the best way the noblest of people - our master Muhammad, his family and companions as many times as there are things known to You, and may it take as much ink to write down these blessings as it takes to write down Your Words! Bless him every time those who remember you and him begin to remember, and all the time that the careless will neglect it!
Damir Mukhetdinov
“Mawlid is an innovation that did not exist during the time of the Sahaba” is a weighty argument that they try to confirm with hadith ﷺ:
"Every innovation is a delusion" (Abu Dawood, at-Tirmizi).
“Any business in which there is no our command on it is rejected” (Imam Muslim).
But what can be considered innovation or innovation?
Here are some facts from the life of the Companions and their understanding of actions that were not committed ﷺ (innovations).
Adding to Lubbike
Here's what scientists say about this case.
Imam Shafi'i (150-204) commented on this hadeeth: “If someone adds something from the remembrance of the Almighty to “Labbaik”, there is nothing problematic in this, as did Ibn Umar ﺭﺿﻲﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ after the words transmitted from ﷺ reached him, although it is better for me to limit myself to what was transmitted by ﷺ "(at-Tirmizi).
Introduction of two rak'ahs before execution
The second case is given in authentic collections of hadiths from the life of a captive companion named Khabbab. When the polytheists led him to his execution, he asked to be given the opportunity to pray before his death. Having performed a prayer in two rak'ahs, he said: "If you did not think that I was afraid, I would have extended the prayer, not limited to two rak'ahs." After which he was executed (Imam al-Bukhari).
Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani (773-852) commented on this hadith in his book Fath ul-Bari: "Khabbab was the first who laid down a good sunnah of committing two rak'ahs before death for all captive Muslims sentenced to execution."
We see that there was no specific instruction ﷺ to perform this prayer before the execution. And Habbab ﺭﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ was the first to perform a two-rakah prayer in such a situation, which was confirmed by the Islamic theologian and historian Hajar al-Asqalani.
That is, despite the fact that there are many hadiths about prayer in general, there are no indications ﷺ of the need to perform prayer before execution.
Adding Praise to Prayer
On this account, there is a clear rule of scholars-theologians: "That without which it is impossible to fulfill the obligatory, also becomes obligatory."
Ibn Hajar al-Haytami (909–974): “Scholars agreed on the permissibility of a good innovation, and there is hope for a reward for a person who does this work with a good purpose. This is all new, consistent with the rules of Shariah and does not contradict the norms. It's like building minarets, madrassas - from something useful that was not in the early years of Islam, all this corresponds to our religion.("Fath ul-Mubin").
I will give the names of some famous scientists who subdivide the concept of “innovation”: ibn Hazm (456 kh.), al-Ghazali (505 kh.), ibn Asir (637 kh.), al-Munziri (656 kh.), al-Izzu ibnu Salam (660), Zarkashi (794).
And even Ibn Taymiyyah shared the concept of "innovation".
Ibn Taymiyyah in the book "Daru taaruzil akli wa nakli" said: “Verily, that which is contrary to religious foundations, according to the unanimity of Muslims, is an innovation, and that in which there are no discrepancies with the foundations of religion, then this is not called an innovation”. That is, he confirmed the argument of Imam Shafi'i that there are two types of innovation...
Often, as an argument, opponents cite the saying of one of the authoritative imams of the madhhabs, Imam Malik (93–179), who said: “Whoever introduces innovation into Islam, treating it as a blessing, declares that Muhammad ﷺ did not justify the trust, did not convey the Message in the way that Allah says: ‘‘Today I completed your religion for you’’”("Al-Itisam").
Imam Malik does not contradict the opinion of other scholars in the statement "Islam is founded by ﷺ, and no one has the right to add or subtract anything." But the revival of the Sunnah ﷺ by new ways and methods is permissible. Imam Shafi said: “It is reprehensible to call an innovation something that has a basis in Shariah”("Manakibu Shafi'i").
Partly confirms the words of Imam Shafi and Imam Malik, as well as scientists of the Maliki madhhab.
Imam al-Qarafi Maliki (684) said: "... the truth is that innovation is of five kinds (mandatory, forbidden, desirable, undesirable, permitted)"(Al-Furuk).
Imam ibn Abdil Bar Maliki (368-463), hafiz, muhaddith, said: “As for the words of Umar ﺭﺿﻲﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ “How wonderful this innovation is!”, then in the language of the Arabs this means the introduction of something that was not there before. Everything that has appeared in religion and contradicts the previously established Sunnah is an innovation, in which there is no benefit, and it is necessary to blame and avoid this path. As for an innovation that does not contradict the foundations of the Shari'ah and the Sunnah, then this is a good innovation, as Umar said, because its foundation is taken from the Sunnah..
To be or not to be
But it would be foolish to say that Mawlid is held only in Russia. More than once, Russian pilgrims in Mecca had the honor to attend Mawlids conducted by scholars of the Maliki madhhab, followers of Imam Maliki Alavi, the author of many works in support of the Mawlid.
By the way, I can't help but cite a funny incident. Some Russian students who were trained in Syria by Mustafa Dib al-Bug, Doctor of Sharia Sciences, in their homeland, being adherents of one of the non-traditional movements, are opponents of Mawlid, accusing them of delusion. But at the same time, Mustafa Dib al-Bugha himself, as an honored guest, repeatedly took part in the republican mawlid on the night of the birth of ﷺ in the month of Rabi ul-Awwal.
In a conversation with our correspondent, Mustafa Dib al-Bugha commented on the question of whether mawlid is permissible:
Details
In order to better understand what is the benefit of Mawlid, let's try to figure out how it goes and whether there is a basis in it.
Mawlid consists of six parts.
The first is reading the Quran.
All these desirable actions were directly indicated. Whoever considers it inadmissible to unite in one place all these laudable deeds should bring an argument for the prohibition of association.
Note
“Imam Shafi’i condemned calling innovation something that has a basis in Sharia, even if the salaf-salihuns (the righteous ancestors of the first three centuries after the death of ﷺ) did not do this, because they could not observe this action for some reason, or in their the time was better to leave him, or they missed the knowledge of this action" ("Manakibu Shafi'i").
Ibnu Taymiyyah said: “... regarding the exaltation of Mawlid and the celebration of this day, some people do this, and they will be greatly rewarded for the noble intention and for the exaltation of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ»(“Iktizau as-siratil mustakim”).
Students of Ibn Taymiyyah they spoke approvingly of the ruler Muzaffar, who was the first to hold a mawlid in honor of ﷺ on a large scale and annually.
Ibn Kathir (700-774) in his book "Al-bidaya van-nihaya" describes Muzaffar (Abu Said ibn Zainuddin Ali) as one of the most generous, glorious rulers. He emphasizes such personal qualities as courage, justice, education in matters of religion. Every year in the month of Rabi-ul-awwal, he held celebrations on the occasion of the birthday of the Prophet, alms, built madrasas, shelters for the poor and sick, houses for orphans and the homeless, and he himself visited the sick, inquiring about the health of everyone. And he did not allow any reprehensible action to penetrate his lands. As for the mawlid he celebrates, its splendor and scale are difficult to describe in words. Further, Zahabi tells in detail about the mawlid, says that Muzaffar gave Ibn Dihya a thousand dinars (“Siyar”) for a book about him.
“I once told you that it was those who rejected the Mawlids and considered it an innovation that invited me to the event. I was invited to a meeting dedicated to the anniversary of the birth of Muhammad ibn Abdul-Wahhab, millions were spent on this event. But to the one who invited me, I replied: "Indeed, this congress is an innovation according to your own words, in connection with this I cannot accept your invitation." And it is surprising why a meeting dedicated to ﷺ is, by their standards, an innovation, and a congress dedicated to Muhammad ibn Abdul-Wahhab is considered a good deed? How so?
And what is the Sharia rule (qaida), which established that this is an innovation, and that is not an innovation? The matter is clear, we do not forbid them to do this, but only for the reason that we know about the permissibility of such events ... ".
Conclusion
We did not have a goal and intent to offend or expose anyone, only one thing is important - to come to a common agreement and understanding of the essence of the issue.
We have cited the arguments of many scientists with only one purpose - it is impossible to talk about Mawlid as an innovation forbidden for Muslims, this is not true.
And if there are still doubts in your soul, isn’t it time to just leave everything to Allah, not to speak out about this. Perhaps the censure of this action may concern the verses and hadiths for which people gathered for mawlid. Remember - everyone has chosen their own path in this life, their profession: the seller - trades, the mechanic - repairs, the builder - builds, and leave religious knowledge to those who have devoted science for many years, do not take on an unbearable burden.
The hadith says: “When the time comes, in which important things will be entrusted to unworthy people, then expect the onset of the Hour of Judgment” (Imam al-Bukhari).
Abdulla Magomedov
Damir Mukhetidnov
1. Surah al-Fatiha
A'uzu billahi minash-shaitanir-rajim.
Bismillahir-rahmanir-rahim.
Alhamdu lillahi rabbil 'alamin. Ar-rahmanir-rahim. Maliki yaumid-din. Iyyakya na'budu wa iyyakya nasta'yn. Ihdinas-syratal-mustakym. Syratal-lyazina an'amta ‘alaihim, gairil-magdubi ‘alaihim wa lad-dallin.
I seek refuge in Allah from Satan, stoned! In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful! Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds, the Gracious, the Merciful, the Lord of the Day of Retribution! You alone we worship and You alone we pray for help. Lead us to the straight path, the path of those whom You have favored, not those on whom anger has fallen, and not those who have gone astray.
2. Surah al-Baqarah (2:285-286)
Bismillahir-rahmanir-rahim.
'Amanar-rasulu bima 'unzila 'ilaihi world-rabbihi val-mu'minun, kullun 'amana billahi va malya'ikatihi va kutubihi va rusulih, la nufarriku bayna 'ahadim-mir-rusulih, va kalyu sami'na va 'ata' na gufran kya rabbana va 'ilaykyal-masyr. La yukyallifullahu nafsan 'illya vus'aha, laha ma kasabat wa 'alayha mak tasabat, rabbana la tu'akhyzna 'in-nasina au 'akhta'na, rabbana wa la tahmil 'alayna 'isran kama hamaltahu 'alal-lyazina min cablina, rabbana wa la tuhammilna ma la takata lyana-bih, wa'fu'anna va-g-firlyana va-r-hamna'anta mawlyana fansurna 'alal-kavmil-kafirin.
The messenger and the believers believed in what was sent down to him from the Lord. They all believed in Allah, His angels, His Scriptures and His messengers. They say, "We make no distinction between His messengers." They say: “Listen and obey! We ask for Your forgiveness, our Lord, and we will arrive to You.
Allah does not burden a person beyond his capacity. He will get what he has acquired, and what he has acquired will be against him. Our Lord! Do not punish us if we have forgotten or made a mistake. Our Lord! Do not place on us the burden that You placed on our predecessors. Our Lord! Do not burden us with what we cannot afford. Be kind to us! Forgive us and have mercy! You are our Protector. Help us to prevail over unbelieving people.
3.1. Surah al-Ahzab (33:40-48)
Bismillahir-rahmanir-rahim.
Ma kyana Muhammadun 'aba 'akhadim mir-rijalikum wa lakir rasulallahi wa hataman-nabiyin, wa kanal-lahu bi-kulli shay-'in 'alima. I am 'ayyukhal-lyazina 'amanu-z-kurullaha zikran kasira. Wa sabbihuhu buk ratau-wa 'asylya. Huval-lyazi yusolli ‘alaykum va mala’ikyatuhu liyukhrija-kum minaz-zulyumati ‘ilyan-nur, va kyana bil-mu’minina rahima. Tahiyatukhum yauma yalkaunahu salam, wa 'a'adda lahum 'ajran karima. I am 'ayyuhan nabiyu 'inna 'arsalnakya shahidau-va mubashshirau-va nazira. Wa da‘yyan 'ila-llahi bi 'iznihi wa sirajam munira. Wa bashshiril-mu'minina bi'anna lahum minallahi fadlyan kabira. Wa la tuty'yl-kafirin wa-l-munafikyna wa da'y 'azakhum va tavakkal-'ala-llahi wa kafa billahi vakil.
Muhammad is not the father of any of your husbands, but is the Messenger of Allah and the Seal of the Prophets (or the last of the prophets). Allah knows about every thing. O those who believe! Remember Allah many times and praise Him in the morning and before sunset. He is the One who blesses you, and His angels also bless you to bring you out of darkness into light. He is merciful to believers. On the day they meet Him, their greeting will be the word: "Peace!" He has prepared a generous reward for them. O Prophet! We have sent you as a witness, a good messenger and a warning warner, calling to Allah with His permission and illuminating the lamp. Tell the believers the good news that Allah has a great mercy for them. Do not obey the unbelievers and hypocrites, leave the suffering they cause and trust in Allah. It is enough that Allah is the Guardian and Guardian!
3.2. Surah al-Ahzab (33:56)
'Innallah wa mala'ikyatahu yusolluna 'alyan-nabiy. I am 'ayyuhal-lyazina 'amanu sollu 'alaihi wa sallim taslima.
Indeed, Allah and His angels bless the Prophet. O those who believe! Bless him and welcome him with peace.
4.1. Kasyda (salavat makbulya)
a) Allahumma solli ‘ala sayyidina Muhammadin sayyidil-‘arabi wal-‘ajam. Waimami Makkyata wal-Madinati wal-Haram. Wa tarjumani lisanis-salafi wal-karam. Wa'allamal-insana ma lam ya'lam. Asluhu nurun wa naslyuhu Adam. Ba'suhu muahharun wa halkuhu muqaddam. Ismukhush-sharifu maktubun ‘ala-l-lauhil-mahfouz bi-yakutil-jau-hari wal-kalam. Jismukhush-sharifu madfunun fil-Madinatil-Munavvarati wal-Haram. Fatuba estuary ra'ahu wa taba'ahu wa estuary aslam. Manba‘ush-shafa‘ati yaumal-hashri van-nadam. Manba‘ush-shafa‘ati lil-‘asyna ka’ilyan - I am Rabbi Sallim Yauma, I am layat-tahalna turaba takhtil-kadam. Ummati, ummati wa ummata, I zal-lutfi wal-karam. Fa-yunadil-munadi min kibalir-Rahmanil-arham. Kabiltu shafa'atakya I nabiyal-mukhtaram.
O Allah, bless our Master Muhammad, Master of the Arabs and Ajams (non-Arabs), Imam of the Sacred Mosques of Mecca and Medina. The founder of the language of the Salaf (companions) and qyaram (pious scholars), who taught a person what he did not know. Its first cause is light, and its progenitor is Adam. His message is last, but his creation is before [all]. His noble name is written in the Preserved Tablet with the precious Jauhar (Stone) and Kalyam (Feather). His noble body is buried in the Sacred Mosque of al-Haram in the Radiant Medina. Blessed are those who saw him, who followed him and who surrendered [to Allah]. He is the source of intercession on the Day of Judgment and Regret. He is the intercessor of the disobedient, saying [on the Day of Judgment]: “O Lord! Secure on the Day when we will ask: "O Lord, if You would strengthen the earth under our feet!". My ummah, my ummah, O Possessor of mercy and generosity! Then the herald will proclaim [at the command of] the Gracious and Merciful: "I have accepted your intercession, venerable Prophet."
4.2. Salavat (in chorus)
As-salatu you-salamu ‘alaykya I Rasulallah;
As-salatu you-salamu ‘alaykya I Habiballah;
As-salatu you-salamu ‘alaykya I Nabiyallah;
As-salatu you-salamu ‘alaykya ya khair halkillah.
Blessings and peace be upon you, O Messenger of Allah,
Blessings and peace be upon you, O Beloved of Allah,
Blessings and peace be upon you, O Prophet of Allah,
Blessings and peace be upon you, O best of Allah's creations.
4.3. Qasida
Udhulul-jannata la haufun ‘alaikum wa la hazanoun wa la alam. The sum of radiallahu ta‘ala ‘an Abi Bakrin wa ‘an ‘Umar wa ‘an ‘Uthmana wa ‘an ‘Aliyin zavil-karam.
The amount of radiyallahu ta‘ala ‘an hadimi shari‘atihil-imamil-a‘azam. Wa sollallahu ta'ala 'ala Muhammadin wa 'ala jami'eul-anbiya'i wal-mursalin. Wal-hamdu lillahi rabbil-'alyamin.
“Enter Paradise, where there will be no fear, no sorrow, no pain for you.” May Allah Almighty be pleased with Abu Bakr, Umar, Usman and Ali - the owners of nobility. May Allah Almighty be pleased with the servant of His religion, Imam Azam (Abu Hanifa). May Allah bless Muhammad, all the prophets and messengers. And praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.
4.4. Completion of the Qur'an and Qasida
Subhana rabbikya rabbil-‘yzzati ‘amma yasyfun, wa salamun ‘alal-mursalin, wal-hamdu lillahi rabbil-‘alyamin.
Your Lord, the Lord of might, is pure and far from what they attribute to Him. Peace to the messengers! Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds!
5. Prayer (dua)
O Allah, bless in the best way the noblest of people - our master Muhammad, his family and companions as many times as there are things known to You, and may it take as much ink to write down these blessings as it takes to write down Your Words! Bless him every time those who remember you and him begin to remember, and all the time that the careless will neglect it!