Goddess Io. Myths of Ancient Greece. Argus and Io - Myths of Ancient Greece Myth of Io summary
And about
Hera often suffers insults from her husband Zeus. So it was when Zeus fell in love with the beautiful Io and, in order to hide her from his wife Hera, turned Io into a cow. But this thunderer did not save Io. Hera saw the snow-white cow Io and demanded from Zeus that he give it to her. Zeus could not refuse this to Hera. Hera, having taken possession of Io, gave her under guard to the stout-eyed Argus. Unfortunate Io suffered, she could not tell anyone about her sufferings; turned into a cow, she was speechless. Sleepless Argus guarded Io, she could not hide from him. Zeus saw her suffering. Calling his son Hermes, he ordered him to kidnap Io.
Hermes quickly rushed to the top of that mountain, where Io was guarded by a hundred-eyed guard. He put Argus to sleep with his speeches. As soon as his hundred eyes closed, Hermes drew his curved sword and cut off Argus's head with one blow. Io was released. But even with this, Zeus did not save Io from the wrath of Hera. She sent a monstrous gadfly. With his sting, the gadfly drove the unfortunate sufferer Io, distraught from torment, from country to country. She did not find peace anywhere. In a frantic run, she rushed farther and farther, and the gadfly flew after her, constantly piercing her body with his sting; the sting of the gadfly burned Io like red-hot iron. Where only Io did not run, in what countries she did not visit! Finally, after long wanderings, she reached in the country of the Scythians, in the far north, the rock to which the titan Prometheus was chained. He predicted the unfortunate that only in Egypt would she get rid of her torment. Io rushed on, driven by the gadfly. She endured many torments, saw many dangers, before she reached Egypt. There, on the banks of the fertile Nile, Zeus returned her former image to her, and her son Epaphus was born. He was the first king of Egypt and the progenitor of a great generation of heroes, to which the greatest hero of Greece, Hercules, also belonged.
AND ABOUT
(Greek Io) - in Greek mythology daughter of the king of Argos Inach, priestess of the goddess Hera. The latter turned her from jealousy into a cow (according to another version, Zeus did this to save his beloved from the revenge of his wife). Hera sent an evil gadfly, and I., fleeing from bites, wandered from country to country until she found shelter in Egypt. There, Zeus returned her human form.(I.A. Lisovy, K.A. Revyako. The ancient world in terms, names and titles: Dictionary-reference book on history and culture Ancient Greece and Rome / Scientific. ed. A.I. Nemirovsky. - 3rd ed. - Minsk: Belarus, 2001)
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(Greek) - daughter of the king of Argos Inaja, sweetheart Zeus who turned her into a cow to save her from anger Hera. Hera demanded a cow as a gift and put Argus watch over her, but Argus was killed Hermes at the behest of Zeus. Then Hera sent a biting gadfly to the fleeing I. (option: she herself turned into a gadfly). Fleeing from bites, I. fled through Greece, the Caucasus, Asia, until she ran to Egypt, where Zeus returned her human form. I. gave birth Epapha and subsequently married Telegona, son Odyssey.AND ABOUT
Priestess of Hera in Argos, beloved of Zeus. To protect Io from the jealousy of Hera, Zeus turned her into a cow. However, Hera could not be deceived, and she first ordered Argus to guard Io, and then sent a gadfly that pursued and drove her through all of Europe to Egypt, where, with the help of Zeus, she regained her human form and became the progenitor of the Danaans. In the tragedy of Aeschylus, Io comes to Prometheus and talks about his ordeals. The legend of Io is also transmitted by Ovid. Perhaps originally Io was a lunar deity, depicted with horns (crescent), from which the legend arose.In the house of Livia (the second wife of Augustus) on the Palatine (Rome) there is a fresco depicting Io and Argus guarding her. Correggio portrayed Io with Zeus.
(Modern reference dictionary: Antique world. Compiled by M.I. Umnov. M .: Olympus, AST, 2000)
Io lived in the small town of Argos, in the house of her father, the river king Inach. Once, on a hot day, young Io went to the river. As soon as she undressed and dived into the warm water, the great thunderer himself appeared on the shore. He began to speak to the beautiful nymph about his love, caressed her and promised to make her a great goddess. Meanwhile, Hera looked from Olympus to Argos and saw Zeus next to a beautiful nymph. She quickly flew to the ground and headed for the shore. But Zeus felt the approach of Hera and, in order to hide his beloved from her, turned Io into a snow-white heifer.
But this did not save the unfortunate Io. Hera guessed about the cunning of Zeus and decided to outwit him herself.
- I noticed that we had a wonderful snow-white heifer. I really like her. O my generous lord, I ask you to give it to me, she persuaded her husband.
Zeus really did not want to give Hera a snow-white heifer, but he could not refuse her either.
As soon as Hera took possession of the unfortunate Io, she sent her away from Olympus and assigned the hundred-eyed Argus to her guard. Io could not make a single superfluous movement, which Argus would not have noticed, this monster that does not know sleep. His eyes fell asleep by turns. While two eyes slept, the remaining 98 were awake and watched Io. During the day, he let her graze, and as soon as night fell, he locked her in a barn, and even tied her with a rope. Unfortunate Io lay in a dark barn on cold ground and cried. There was no one to even complain to her. One afternoon she was grazing near her house and saw her sisters. But her sisters, the naiads, did not recognize Io, nor did her father himself, Inachus, recognize her. She followed them all day, allowed herself to be stroked, caressed them. When the amazed Inah handed her juicy grass, Io began to lick his hands and kiss his palms, tears flowed from her beautiful eyes. Only then did Inakh understand who was standing in front of him. “Oh, I'm unhappy,” he cried bitterly and rushed to hug the neck of his daughter, the cow, kissed her, stroked her small horns. - I was proud of you, I was waiting for grandchildren, now you will take your husband from the herd, your son will be from the herd. Even death will not save me from these torments now.
And so they stood, hugging each other. But then Argus appeared and drove Io to distant pastures. Zeus could no longer see the suffering of the unfortunate Io, he called the fleet-footed Hermes and sent him to earth to save Io.
The impetuous Hermes slipped to the ground, took off his flying sandals, picked up a cane and, pretending to be a shepherd, drove the goats to the peak where the hundred-eyed Argus was sitting. Argus was bored alone, and he rejoiced at the appearance of the shepherd.
“Come here,” he shouted, waving his arms, “sit down next to me.” You won't find better herbs anywhere than here. Yes, there are plenty of shadows.
Hermes sat down next to the hundred-eyed watchman, they talked, and so the day passed unnoticed. And in the evening Hermes played the flute, and played so well and for a long time that he completely lulled Argus. All his hundred eyes were closed, and Hermes drew a sharp sword and cut off his head.
Now Io was free, but the cruel Hera still did not leave her alone. She sent a huge gadfly to Io, who pursued her everywhere. He dug his terrible sting into the body of a snow-white heifer and caused her unbearable suffering. Mad with pain and torment, the unfortunate Io wanted to run away from the gadfly. She raced through forests and swamps, climbed into the most remote places, but found no rest anywhere. The ruthless gadfly did not lag behind and drove her from country to country.
Finally, she ran to the country of the Scythians and saw the titan Prometheus chained to a rock. And here she is.
- I don’t know how much more I will endure torment, and I ask the wise Prometheus to tell me about it.
Thus ended the unfortunate Io with her sad story.
Everyone was so shocked by the bitter fate and suffering of the beautiful Io that no one dared to be the first to break the deep silence. Finally, Prometheus spoke:
– Oh, trust me, Io! Better not to know than to know! You will still have a lot of torment on your way, and you will still have to go through many countries. Your path full of suffering lies through the country of the Scythians, through the high snowy Caucasus, through the country of the Amazons to the Bosporus Strait and to the sea, which will later be called your name - Ionian, as soon as you cross it. You will find yourself in a country where terrible gorgons live, vile snakes writhe on their heads instead of hair. Beware of them! Beware also of dangerous vultures, which you will also meet on your hard way. And then you will finally reach the Biblinsky Mountains, from where the fertile streams of the Nile fall. It is there, in the country where the full-flowing Nile flows, that you will find the long-awaited and hard-won peace. There, Zeus will return you to your real beautiful appearance, you will again become the beautiful goddess Io and give birth to a mighty son. He will rule over all of Egypt and give rise to a glorious line of heroes. From this family will come the hero who will come here and free me from the shackles. His name will be Hercules.
Unfortunate Io groaned loudly and plaintively and exclaimed wistfully:
- Oh, woe, woe! How can I endure all that cruel fate has prepared for me!
At this time, the gadfly overtook the suffering Io and plunged his sharp sting into her wounded body. She screamed loudly in pain and, madly rolling her eyes, rushed on.
And Prometheus shouted loudly, turning to the sky:
Reign, cruel Zeus. But the day will come when your power will be taken away from you, and you, too, will be thrown into eternal darkness. None of the gods can help you, and none knows how to prevent your terrible fate. One I know! But I won't help you anymore.
Suddenly, in the air, like a shooting star, swift-footed Hermes flashed and stood in front of the titan. Zeus sent his messenger to find out from Prometheus this great secret, who will take away his power over the world.
“You are a sinner before Zeus, Prometheus,” Hermes said to the recalcitrant titan, “and now you can remove this sin from yourself, answer, who will raise his hand to Zeus, which of his sons will dare to do this?” If you do not reveal your secret, you will be even worse. With a blow of his lightning, Zeus will bring down the rock on which you hang into a bottomless abyss, and there, in deep darkness, you will suffer without light and heat. Then again he will raise the rock up, but not in order to alleviate your suffering. Every day a huge bloodthirsty eagle will fly here and peck at your liver. It will grow again and again, because you are immortal, and he will torment it again and again with his sharp claws. And you will hang on this rock until someone agrees to descend instead of you into the gloomy kingdom of Hades. Think, Prometheus, and submit, because you know that Zeus will carry out his threat.
But the proud Prometheus did not submit and did not reveal his secret. And then there was a terrible roar, the earth trembled, bright lightning flashed, a great earthquake began. The rock split and fell into the abyss. Prometheus also disappeared with her.
- the daughter of Inach, the god of the river and the king of Argos, and the nymph Melia, the sister of Argos and Phoroneus. Priestess of the goddess Hera. One day Zeus saw her in a temple and seduced her. Once Hera caught them together, but Zeus swore that there was nothing between them and turned the beautiful Io into a white cow. Hera begged him for a cow and put the all-seeing stout-eyed Argos to guard her. Argos tied a cow to an olive tree in a grove near the city of Mycenae. Zeus ordered Hermes to steal the cow, but it was difficult to do so, and Hermes killed Argos. Meanwhile, Hera sent a gadfly to the cow, who followed her everywhere. Fleeing from him, Io fled to Egypt, where Zeus restored her human form, and she gave birth to Epaphus (Apis). Then Hera hid Epaphus, and Io wandered for a long time in Syria until she found him, and they returned to Egypt. Upon her return, Io married Telegonus, the king of Egypt. Io erected in her capital a statue of Demeter, which the Egyptians called Isis, and later began to call Isis and Io herself.
// Antonio CORREGGIO: Jupiter and Io // N.A. Kun: io
Myths of Ancient Greece, dictionary-reference book. 2012
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