Where to start building a house. Start building a house and the necessary documents
Most people dream of living in their own home. And even better if it is built according to your own project and, perhaps, even with your own hands. Building a house is not at all a quick and very difficult process, even for a trained person. Most people build a house for the first and possibly the last time in their lives, and therefore some mistakes and, consequently, losses simply cannot be avoided. To protect you from miscalculations, this article was written.
Selection of land
Before you think about where to start building a house, you need to reflect on the feasibility of this process, assess the timing and cost. If, nevertheless, they decided on this and decided on the project, then first of all it is necessary to choose a plot of land for the construction, because this is a very responsible and important moment for building a house. If there is one, then there will be much less worries.
It is clear that plots for building a house within the city are much more expensive than on the outskirts or in the suburbs. If the land has a surprisingly low price, then it is worth considering whether everything is in order with it from a legal point of view.
Any start of construction of an apartment building or a private one should take place only when some general rules and requirements for the site of the future construction are met:
- The size of the building plot should be optimal (not too big and not too small).
- The territory should not be in a lowland or be swampy.
- In priority - a rectangular or square shape of the site.
- The territory should have access roads for special equipment and vehicles and free access to water.
- The site must provide the possibility of supplying engineering communications and have no restrictions for construction.
- It is desirable that the place is located in an ecological area.
House building permit
The next stage is the issuance of a permit to start building a house. Documents can be obtained from the administration of the settlement where the site is located. This procedure requires a cadastral passport and a certificate of ownership, a project of a house, as well as a scheme of a land plot with a designation of a construction object on it.
After 10 days from the date of application, the developer issues a permit. During this period, the data provided is verified. After all, this is a responsible matter - the beginning of the construction of a house, the documents for it must be in order.
Choosing a house project
After all approvals and obtaining permission, you can proceed to the selection of a project at home. You can develop it yourself or contact the design organization for a typical scheme.
It is desirable that the project of the house was handled by professionals. Experts are aware of where to start building a house and how to properly prepare everything you need. The finished project is cheaper and allows you to fully and completely consider your future home from any side.
If such documentation is developed independently, then after all the work is completed, it must be shown to a specialist who will point out the existing inaccuracies, as well as make suggestions and give advice. The finished project must go through the approval stage in the utilities, and then in the architecture department. Even at the stage of choosing a house project, it is necessary to build on the amount that the future homeowner has. You need to decide on the material and area of \u200b\u200ba private house. Also, the cost estimate should definitely include the cost of the services of builders and an item of emergency, unforeseen expenses.
What can increase the cost of construction
Before you start building a private house, you need to remember that there are times when the total cost of this process becomes more expensive. This:
- the complexity of the configuration and the presence of decor;
- a large number of small rooms, including a balcony and a basement;
- the presence of non-standard rooms and high ceilings;
- roof of unusual shape, etc.
Reducing the cost of building a house
Some structural elements in the design of a house make construction cheaper. This:
- replacement of the second floor with an attic;
- a simple house shape, square or rectangular, with a smooth facade;
- a large number of windows;
- minimum internal partitions.
Determining the size of living space
It is clear that the area of the future house depends on the amount of cash of the future owner and the number of people who will live there. The start of construction, a residential building in particular, requires thoughtful action. It is important to decide on the area, because the living space should be spacious and comfortable for everyone. The project must take into account areas for sleeping and relaxing, kitchen, toilet rooms, corridors, pantries, etc.
In advance, you need to decide on the number of storeys. A house with an area of no more than 100 sq. m can be built one-story. And if you dream of a mansion, then you should think about building the second and third floors.
An important factor is, especially in such actions as the beginning of the construction of a private house, the arrangement of the basement. It is necessary to find out if there is groundwater nearby, etc. If the soil relief allows, then you can equip a spacious basement in the house and arrange a billiard room, sauna or workshop there.
A house built on a hill must have a basement in which you can create a garage for a car, storage rooms, and perhaps even a kitchen. It must be made of materials that are resistant to moisture and be resistant to various weather disasters.
What house to build?
Brick houses are the most popular. But recently, gas silicate buildings are on the same level with them. The second most popular are frame houses (wooden or metal) using various insulating fillers and, as a rule, lined with bricks.
Comparative characteristics of frame and block houses
The main differences between heavy block and light frame houses:
- A dwelling made of blocks is necessarily built on a deep foundation of a tape type, and the beginning of the construction of a frame house is carried out on a simple columnar basis.
- In frame houses, all floors are wooden or metal, and in block buildings they are made of reinforced concrete or beams.
- Building a frame house requires less investment of time and money. A house made of "piece" materials can last more than 100 years, but it heats up more slowly in summer and cools down in winter.
- The construction of frame houses does not cause a large formation of construction debris and does not require the so-called "wet" processes, therefore the technology of constructing a frame dwelling itself looks more compact and aesthetically pleasing.
Timber houses
Timber houses are very popular with owners of suburban areas. These are very durable and warm buildings made of natural material - wood, which is important in the fight for the environment.
In order for novice workers not to make mistakes, it is necessary to stock up on a certain amount of knowledge about materials and installation methods, since the beginning of building a house from a bar requires certain skills. For the construction of private dwellings, glued laminated timber is mainly used, which is insulated from the outside and only after that the interior is finished.
Foundation of the house
Before building a house, you need to get rid of unnecessary structures, if any, remove garbage from the territory and prepare a site for the foundation. It has the biggest load, so it must be strong, solid and reliable. It is not worth saving on this, because the foundation is the basis of the house, and if you want to build a home for many generations, then it is best to entrust this work to professionals.
What will be the foundation depends on the material from which the house will be built. It is necessary to make a calculation, and only after that proceed with the installation.
Where to start building a house? This question arises for many. First of all, you need to decide on the material for the walls - it can be timber, foam blocks, bricks, etc.
Buildings made of concrete, ceramic blocks or bricks have thicker walls, they require a more solid foundation and take a long time to build. Frame buildings mainly consist of lightweight structures and insulation, they are built very quickly and, accordingly, they require less construction and foundation costs.
The choice of the roof of the house
The more complex the configuration of the house, the higher the cost of arranging the roof. Therefore, when you have a question about where to start building a house, do not forget to take into account the design of the roof in the project. Those who plan to save money may well get by with a simple roof shape. Often such buildings are of better quality and more reliable.
Roofing materials
They must be chosen even in the process of designing a house, the total weight of the building and, accordingly, the foundation itself depend on this. What roofing materials are suitable?
- Sheet materials (slate, metal tiles, seam roofing). They are quite light and inexpensive. These materials are perfect for a simple roof with rectangular slopes. The main advantage is the almost waste-free installation. The only thing to remember is that a rare crate is required for sheet materials.
- Various types of tiles (bituminous, ceramic, sand-cement, etc.). For its laying, the services of an experienced master will be useful. Tiles are suitable for any type of roof. The bitumen model is considered the cheapest, but it requires a continuous crate. Ceramic tiles are the most expensive material, but their service life is very long. To equip a ceramic roof, powerful rafters are needed, as it is quite heavy.
Time to start building a house
When is the best time to start building a house? Everyone wants to do it as soon as possible. It is advisable to start construction in the warm season - in April-May, and it is desirable to complete all the main work before the onset of cold weather. Therefore, in the spring, suburban construction sites come to life - the so-called "high" season begins in low-rise housing construction.
The construction of a brick cottage using construction equipment and an experienced team of masons will not take much time. It is recommended that all general construction work be completed before the autumn rains.
How to start building a house? It is necessary to immediately cover the building with a roof, then all the rooms will remain dry, and there will be no problems for subsequent interior decoration.
As for a house made of stone, it will not be possible to build it within a few months, since finishing work takes a lot of time, which cannot be said about a building made of timber. In this case, installation can begin almost immediately after erection and insulation. It is better to have some time in reserve for shrinkage, since all elements of the profiled timber must firmly “sit down” in the grooves under the total weight of the house structure. If external brick cladding is planned, then such a building cannot be handed over on a turnkey basis before the cold weather. If you use simpler methods of exterior and interior decoration, you can become the proud owner of a new home by the end of the year.
The frame house is built immediately and without interruption. The most difficult thing in this construction option is the foundation. If you lay it in May, then the house will be completely ready for living by the beginning of winter.
It's important to remember that any home shrinks a little during the first year, so it's a good idea to wait with interior finishes to avoid cracking surfaces. In this matter, everything basically depends on the weight of the building - a one-story house can be finished after six months, and let taller houses stand longer without registration.
What kind of house to build - stone, wooden or frame - you decide. It depends primarily on your individual desires and preferences, as well as on financial resources and opportunities. The main thing is not to waste time in vain. Having prepared in advance for the long process of construction, you will still be satisfied, as the result will be your own convenient and comfortable home.