Where to start building a private house if you only have a desire and you don’t know what to do next
When planning to build a house, you need to think carefully about everything. Indeed, if there is a clear action plan, all stages of work, from design to finishing, will be more successful, high-quality and faster. But not everyone is well aware of where to start building a house. What to take in the very first moment? Many people ask themselves this question. Let's try to answer.
Finance is a top priority
Even at the stage of project selection, we start from the amount that we have. So, if you build a house from aerated concrete blocks or ceramic bricks, then on average 1 m² of such housing will cost $ 650. This includes the cost of materials, as well as the work of builders (their services account for up to 40% of the total cost). So, a house of 100 m² will cost $65,000. By the way, a large house per square meter will cost less than a small one. The cost of building a frame-type house will be cheaper. And one more thing: keep in mind that there are all sorts of emergency expenses, and 15% of the total estimate should be allocated for them.
Now let's figure out what can affect the value of a house in one direction or another.
Increase the cost of construction:
- The complex shape of the house and the presence of decor on the facade.
- Balconies and basement.
- Plenty of small rooms.
- Constructions of non-standard form, second light in the rooms, high ceilings.
- A roof that has a bizarre shape or an angle that is too sharp.
Cheaper construction:
- Replacing the second floor with an attic.
- The simple square shape of the house, a smooth facade without protrusions and recesses.
- A large number of windows.
- Minimum internal partitions.
To make it easier to make calculations, we will list what stages the construction of a house consists of, and what part of the total estimate should be allocated for each of them.
- Zero cycle will require 15% finance. It includes pouring the foundation (if necessary). The walls are erected not earlier than a month after that. During the conservation of construction for the winter, the foundation is covered.
- 35% of the estimate is taken by general construction works. They include the installation of the roof and the laying of walls, both internal and external. This is done so that the load on the base is uniform. This stage must be completed before the winter cold.
- The next 15% of the funds will take the installation of windows and doors, as well as the insulation of the house.
- Another 15% will be devoted to communications. We check pipes, plumbing fixtures, and the boiler after installation.
- The remaining 20% of the estimate belongs to the interior decoration. It is not necessary to rush with it - you can work as long as you like inside a warmed house.
Time does not wait - how long can it take?
Building a home is no easy task. When deciding where to start building a private house, you need to prepare for the fact that the process will not be very fast. Depending on the technology used, building a house can take a different time. Brickwork in any case takes longer than the assembly of a frame or wooden house. Those who want to build a house very quickly usually purchase a ready-made set of materials and fasteners for a frame or wooden house. Such a prefabricated building is mounted as a constructor for a fairly quick period.
But with any technology, you want to meet the minimum deadlines. By the way, the longer the construction lasts, the more money you have to invest in it. Experts advise to calculate well the time of the start of construction and investment in it. After all, it is optimal to move into the house until the winter cold has come. Let the interior finishing work not be completed by this time - nothing, the main thing is that it will be possible to live.
The speed of building a frame house is high, but you will have to purchase all the details at a time.
The speed of building a house made of bricks or blocks is much lower, but money can be invested gradually.
What size should the apartments be
The area of the future home primarily depends on the size of the wallet. It is also important how many people will live in the built house. It has been established that 30 m² per family member is more than enough. If five people live in the house, then its area, respectively, should be about 150 m².
And now we list the basic rules by which the living area is determined.
- The house should have two zones: day (kitchen, living room, dining room, hallway, toilets) and night (bathrooms and bedrooms). The first of them is closer to the entrance, and the second - in the depths of the house.
- The daily area is made spacious enough for living. For a family of 3 to 5 people, 40 to 60 m² of space is enough.
- For the night zone, a family of 3 to 5 people needs 50 to 70 m² of space. Everyone should have their own room to sleep.
- More than three people in the family need two toilets. Bathrooms are equipped with one for two bedrooms.
- Give 10 to 15 square meters to the terrace, and 10 to 20 square meters to corridors, stairs and closets.
A full-fledged second floor has a large area compared to the attic.
One floor, two or more?
A neat square-shaped house is both inexpensive and economical in maintenance, and it is easier to equip it inside. Therefore, if you do not need an area of more than 100 m², then you can stay at such a one-story house. It is especially convenient for the elderly. A two-story house is built when you want space, but not at the expense of the site. Three floors will be appropriate when the site is small, and the area of \u200b\u200bthe house should be large. On the upper floors they make rooms where they are infrequent. Guest rooms and bedrooms for the elderly occupy part of the ground floor.
They build a house not only in height, but also in depth. It's about the basement. When equipping it, consult with a specialist - what if you have groundwater close to your site. If the soil relief allows, you can make a spacious basement by arranging a billiard room, sauna or workshop in it. And the house, built on the slope of the hill, just asks to make a basement floor for it. It can accommodate a garage, a kitchen, and a pantry.
What to make the walls of the house
And how to start building a private house without thinking about what to build it from? That's right - no way. And first of all, we decide on the choice of material for the walls. Frame light houses mostly consist of lightweight structures and insulation, so they are built quickly and cost less. Buildings made of concrete and ceramic blocks have thicker walls, they take longer to build, observing the necessary breaks for setting the mortar.
To facilitate the choice, we list the differences between heavy block and light frame houses.
- A house built of blocks must be made on a deep foundation of a tape type. A frame house can be built on a simple columnar foundation.
- Light houses require wooden or metal floors. In block buildings, they can be made of reinforced concrete or in the form of wooden beams.
- Although a frame house is cheaper and faster to build, its service life is also shorter than houses made of "heavy" materials. The latter can last a hundred years. And a house made of heavy piece materials warms up more slowly in summer and cools down in winter.
- But when building a block or brick house on the site, you will have to dilute a lot of dirt - after all, you need to make a mortar and lay down the materials. Lightweight materials do not require "wet" construction steps and the entire construction process looks more compact.
Building a roof - what kind?
The more complex the contours of the house, the more intricate and the shape of its roof. It is both more difficult and more expensive to make it, and it can leak in places of bends. So it doesn't always make sense to get creative with the form. Sometimes simple lines in combination with the original roofing material look much more interesting. Roofing materials are both in the form of sheets and piece.
- Sheet materials (slate, metal tiles and seam roofing) weigh little and are inexpensive. They are well suited for a simple roof with rectangular slopes. There is almost no waste. Under them equip a rare crate.
- Piece materials are various types of tiles. It needs an experienced craftsman to install it. Suitable tiles for any form of roof. It can be made of bitumen, ceramic or cement-sand mixture. The cheapest is bituminous roofing. But the crate under it is only made solid. Ceramic tiles are the most expensive, but last a very long time. Under it you need powerful rafters.
Articles can help with the choice of roof and roofing materials:
- Types of roofs of private houses by design and geometric shapes.
- The better to cover the roof of the house - how to choose roofing material.
Heating and sewerage
#one. The cheapest way to heat is a gas boiler. If the site is gasified, then this method will be the best. Keep in mind that obtaining the appropriate permits will cost a certain amount.
When gas is not supplied, it is worth thinking about electric heating. Installing an electric boiler is inexpensive.
Solid fuel boilers are very economical and easier to install than gas boilers. But they need coal or firewood.
The combined boiler is still expensive, so it is practical to use it only in large houses.
#2. Sewerage is an essential moment in the construction of a house. If it is centralized in the village where you are building, then you just need to connect. If not, then you need to install either a septic tank or a VOC - a local treatment plant. Their pros and cons are below.
- VOCs will require more space than a septic tank, and will also cost more.
- A septic tank, unlike VOCs, is not afraid of any chemicals.
- For a large family, a purification system is more practical, since the volume of the septic tank is limited.
Who will build?
In order not to have to regret hiring unfortunate workers, we will entrust the beginning of the construction of a residential building and finishing work to professionals. In this case, you can go in several ways.
- For each stage of work, we hire a separate team that specializes in foundation, roofing or wall laying. The main thing is to know who to ask in case of marriage.
- You can also entrust a large construction company with the whole business by concluding an agreement on the responsibility of the parties. This will provide assurance.
- A house made of wood or on a frame, which is designed by a design and construction organization, it makes sense to let it build.
- As for finishing and engineering work, let them be carried out by specialists with good reviews.
Approach the choice of builders especially carefully, because not only does the cost of work amount to about 40% of the cost of the entire house, the quality and comfort of the house also depend on it.