Do-it-yourself barn: drawings, list of building materials, projects
Building a barn with your own hands is not such a difficult task as many people think.
Everyone knows that a hozblok is an indispensable thing in any area of private households.
In the shed you can store household, garden tools, building materials.
Someone uses it to breed birds, pigs, and other animals, some equip a summer shower, a bathroom in the barn, and someone builds an attic and uses it as a guest house.
In any case, the range of application of the building is quite wide, and you can build it yourself.
How to build a barn with your own hands, without resorting to the help of specialists, we will describe below.
The construction consists of several stages.
To build with your own hands, you need:
- Choose the material from which you plan to build a barn with your own hands;
- Make a project of the hozblok, determine the location. Drawings for future construction are required. They will allow you to correctly place the future building on the land, calculate the required amount of materials, determine the purpose of the utility block;
- Prepare a set of necessary tools, materials for construction;
- Build a barn.
So, the first thing to do before building a barn is to decide on the material from which you want to build. Currently, the choice is quite large.
This includes wood, corrugated board sheets (the most demanded material during construction), and aerated concrete blocks, and other materials.
Depending on the building material that you prefer, the life of the barn will depend, as well as the duration of its construction.
So, for example, a structure made of wooden boards is built within one to two days. The construction of corrugated board and profile pipes is not only a fast, but also an economical way of construction.
Sheds from boards and corrugated boards are made on an inexpensive foundation, they are called frame by the type of assembly.
A brick or stone shed takes longer to build, during its construction it is necessary to comply with building codes and regulations, but it is built once and “for centuries”, a solid foundation and stone walls are formed according to the principle of capital construction.
Brick can be replaced with foam concrete or gas blocks.
The video shows views of sheds made of various materials.
Plastic sheds can be bought already assembled or disassembled, such a construction is assembled in one to two hours, it is usually used in the summer to store garden tools.
The hozblok can be either a separate building or be attached to the house. In the second case, the building is more often with a pitched roof.
What your building will be made of, what material you choose, largely depends on its purpose, your building skills and financial capabilities.
The most preferred option is frame structures made using a wooden beam or a profile pipe.
How to build a frame barn with your own hands from this material, we will describe below.
The next step is to design the structure
The barn project is an important step in construction. So, if you want, you may need to register the building with the BTI (Bureau of Technical Inventory), in which case the availability of drawings is required.
And they must be made in accordance with building codes.
Thanks to the project, you will be able to finally determine the size of the future building, and therefore determine the location of the utility block, calculate the amount of material that will be required during construction.
Usually sheds are built in standard sizes: 3x3, 3x4, 3x5, 3x6, 5x5 meters, they can include several zones for different purposes.
Examples of the use of the barn are shown in the photo below.
The project will help you make zoning.
What will be needed to build a barn?
Having chosen the material and calculated its quantity, having drawn the project of the barn, having decided what the structure will be used for, you can proceed with the construction.
To do this, you need to prepare the main set of tools that you will need during the construction process:
- building level;
- plumb;
- roulette;
- drill;
- screwdrivers;
- screwdriver;
- shovel;
- a hammer;
- self-tapping screws;
- anchor bolts;
- metal corners;
- wooden lintels;
- reinforcing bars.
For a frame shed made of corrugated board, sheets of corrugated board and profile pipes will be required directly. The frame can also be made from a wooden beam.
For the roof, you will need roofing felt, shingles, plywood sheets, wooden plank flooring, etc., depending on the roofing material you choose.
We build a barn - step by step instructions
Having prepared all the materials, you can step by step proceed to its construction.
Like any building, the hozblok is built in several stages. The simplest construction option is a corrugated shed. The building instructions are as follows.
Foundation laying
The first thing any construction begins with is laying the foundation. However, before its formation, before you build a barn with your own hands, you need to mark it up.
To do this, pegs are driven in along the perimeter of the future building and a string is pulled to make it easier to monitor the level of the foundation being installed.
For a barn, a strip foundation is often made from corrugated board. You can make this foundation for a barn with your own hands. To do this, you need to dig a base three meters wide.
Around it, along the perimeter, a trench 30 centimeters deep is formed, into which reinforcement (iron bars) is installed and poured with cement. Form the so-called formwork.
A sand cushion is laid inside the formwork (in the pit), on top of which a layer of crushed stone is placed. Concrete is poured from above, periodically tapping it to avoid air gaps.
In order for the foundation not to be gnawed by rodents (mice, ferrets, moles and others), expanded clay is poured inside it. After the concrete has hardened, the formwork is removed. A photo of the foundation is shown below.
The process of forming a strip foundation can be viewed in the video in the section.
For a strip foundation, the floor is made of wooden boards, plywood, chipboard sheets, and a cement screed can also be made, but its layer should be thin.
Foundations, in addition to tape, are monolithic, columnar, made of concrete blocks.
The foundation is chosen depending on the material from which the construction of the outbuilding is planned.
Mounting the frame
The second step is the construction of the ceiling of the building. Here you can use several options.
It is simpler and more economical from a 20-cm wooden beam, which is laid on a reinforced "litter", a wooden flooring is laid on top of the beam.
Or an expensive option - reinforced concrete floor with formwork installation.
After the ceiling is ready, we proceed directly to the construction of the frame. It is erected from a square profile pipe or a wooden beam.
The frame begins with the installation of the first layer of beams (lower trim). The strapping is fastened together using metal corners, with the help of which you can also attach bars or profile pipes to the foundation.
For a more durable fastening of the base of a wooden beam, the parts are fastened together with their ends in the grooves. An example of such an attachment is shown in the photo.
Important! The frame is erected only after the foundation has hardened.
After that, bars are attached to the anchor bolts around the perimeter. The distance between fasteners is 1 meter.
And with the help of self-tapping screws, vertical racks are installed at a distance of 60-70 centimeters from each other. The height of the racks is equal to the height of the future building.
If you plan to make a hozblok with a shed roof, one side of the frame will be higher.
With a straight roof, all sides are built the same in height. However, a straight roof is not rational to use, rainwater will accumulate and destroy the roof, so it is better to make a slope.
Horizontal crossbars are attached to the vertical posts from the bottom up from a wooden beam or a profile pipe.
If your building has windows and doors, then do not forget to take this into account when fastening horizontal racks.
The frame must be rigid; for this, wooden jumpers are used. Frame parts are fastened together using metal corners.
It is imperative that during installation it is necessary to control with the help of a level how evenly horizontal and vertical ceilings are installed.
If you used wooden components for the construction of the frame, it is necessary to treat them with an antiseptic, which will extend their service life and protect against fungi and mold.
Sheets of corrugated board are mounted on the finished frame using self-tapping screws (approximately 6-8 self-tapping screws are used per 1 sq.m), they are overlapped to avoid cracks.
Fastening the corrugated board starts from the long sides of the barn.
Video instruction for assembling a frame shed from a metal profile.
Closing events
Depending on the climate, the hozblok can be insulated. After the walls are sheathed with sheets of corrugated board, the distance between the posts is filled with insulation from the inside of the walls.
Foam or mineral wool can be used as insulation. On top of the insulation inside the barn, plasterboard lining is made. Treated with an antiseptic and covered with paint or wallpaper.
Instead of drywall, interior walls can be sheathed with siding, clapboard, or other material of your choice.
Having insulated the walls, we proceed to the installation of the floor. The most practical in the barn will be a concrete floor.
To form it, a wooden partition is installed along the perimeter of the structure, the internal space is covered with crushed stone and poured with concrete.
The flooring can also be wooden; for this, logs are laid on which the floorboards are attached.
Door and window openings are formed at the stage of frame construction. You can make your own barn door using the same material that the barn was built from.
Square profile pipes are welded together, forming a frame, a sheet of corrugated board is attached on top.
Hinges are attached to one of the sides of the door and to the post of the vertical opening, on which the door is hung. A do-it-yourself door made of corrugated board can be seen in the next photo.
If your building is insulated, then you need to insulate the door. It is installed in the door frame.
One of the last steps will be the installation of the roof. Its construction is similar to the construction of the walls of a barn.
However, instead of vertical racks, rafters from a profile pipe or wooden beam are laid on top of the frame at a distance of 1 meter.
If the building is with a shed roof, then the roof angle should be 8 degrees. The bars of the crate are mounted between each other at the same distance.
If you use soft material as a roof, for example, roofing material or tiles, then plywood sheets must be laid on the crate.
Slate, corrugated board, metal tiles at outbuildings can be attached directly to the rafters.
Again, here the choice depends on what kind of building you are doing - insulated or not.
On the back side of the roof, it is necessary to fix a gutter to drain rainwater to avoid leakage and destruction of the foundation of the shed.