Terrace board distance between boards. How to fix a larch decking board - installation instructions. Installation of the coating on the supporting logs
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We offer to involve professional builders for the installation of a terrace board made of wood-polymer composite.
It is forbidden to use the product for other purposes, as columns, supports, beams and other load-bearing structures.Terrace board made of WPC is intended for laying as a floor covering. The method of installation is of great importance, improper installation can lead to a reduction in the life of the material, or to its damage. Read the instructions carefully before installation, especially important pay attention to maintaining the gaps between the boards.
- During storage and unloading, make sure that the decking is laid on a flat surface, preferably on cross beams along the entire length of the boards.
- Avoid contact of the decking surface with construction debris, etc.
- Strictly follow the recommendations for the installation of a wood-polymer composite decking board, and also use the recommended tools.
- In case of lack of experience in installing a terrace system, use the services of professionals.
Starring:
- , 200mm*25mm
- , 150mm*25mm
- , 65mm*40mm
- , 65mm*15mm
Terrace surface preparation
Before the beginning installation of WPC terrace board, make sure that the surface is solid and level (maximum recommended deviation is no more than 5mm). In the case of laying on a solid concrete base, in order to prevent cracking or bending of the log when drilling it, it is advisable to use a metal fastener made of galvanized or stainless steel to prevent rust.
Adaptation, preparation and checking of decking
- Before installing the terrace, it is necessary to give the terrace board time to adapt to the environment within 1-2 days. Put the decking on the joists. They should be located on a flat surface no more than 40 cm apart.
- Installation must be carried out by at least two people.
- Do not install WPC decking at temperatures below 0°C.
- It is forbidden to use WPC terrace boards as a support or base for balconies, stairs, etc. In such cases, special measures must be taken in accordance with existing standards. WPC terrace boards can be laid on existing balconies, stairs, etc.
- At the place of installation, as with natural wood, it is necessary to ensure sufficient air circulation so that the space under the floor can dry properly. To do this, air must circulate at various points on the deck and a sufficient number of ventilation openings must remain open.
- Terrace boards may have some color differences due to the presence of particles of natural wood in the material from which they are made. Such differences are found in the products of all suppliers of WPC decking. Minor color differences may occur in different production batches of products. Coloring and brushing of product samples are not strictly established. In this regard, it is recommended to use boards only from the same production batch within the same project. The color of the decking changes during the first weeks after installation. This is a natural process due to a combination of moisture absorption and exposure to ultraviolet rays, which may cause color differences between previously installed boards and those that have not yet been exposed to sunlight. These differences will disappear over time. In connection with all of the above, color differences are clearly not covered by our warranty.
Carefully check each WPC terrace board before installation. An installed board that was damaged before it was installed (and nevertheless installed) is not covered by the warranty! The warranty in all cases is limited to the supply of replacement boards.
About expansion gaps (longitudinal seams)
Longitudinal seams when laying WPC terrace boards are necessary in order to ensure drainage (drainage of water from the surface of the terrace system), as well as convenient cleaning of the surface. In addition, expansion joints provide a slight thermal expansion / contraction of the WPC decking profile with temperature changes in the environment.
When laying terrace decking, there are two installation options: seam and seamless.
suture- is formed during the installation of the terrace using a stainless kleimer or a plastic clip. The seam size is 4-5mm.
This installation option is a prerequisite for assembling a terrace in the open air and in places of high humidity. This method provides the maximum service life of products.
Seamless- a variant of the arrangement of a closed terrace or installation of decking in the premises. Fastening is carried out with a stainless kleimer with a gap between the boards up to 1-2 mm. This method eliminates the ingress of debris into the system, and also makes it look more attractive and convenient to use.
The main rules for installing a WPC decking board
- CIRCULATION- it is necessary to ensure sufficient air circulation under the deck, and also to prevent direct contact of structural elements with the ground or grass cover
- TEMPERATURE EXPANSIONS- it is necessary to take into account the expansion along the length and width of all structural elements, due to temperature and humidity differences during operation
- DRAINAGE- when installing the terrace, observe the slope of the flooring surface of 1-3% for better drainage.
- INSTALLATION- laying is carried out at an air temperature not lower than 0ºС.
TOOLS REQUIRED FOR MOUNTING THE WPC DECK BOARD
To assemble the terrace, you need the necessary set of tools that will allow you to quickly and efficiently mount a terrace system from WPC decking.
Wood saw |
Pencil |
Roulette |
Email drill |
Kiyanka |
INSTALLATION OF WPC TERRACE BOARD
Installation of mounting logs from WPC
Mounting logs made of WPC should not be too long, the recommended length is 3 meters. The step between the central axes of the lag rows should be 33 cm, maximum 35-40 cm. Logs should be installed with a small gap at the ends. The gap between the ends of the supporting logs should be 20mm.
- The joists should not be considered as a supporting structure, they themselves should be supported by something along their entire length, except when the flooring is mounted on pedestals (supports). Between the pedestals, a distance of no more than 40 cm (center to center) must be observed. It is impossible for the logs to be embedded in concrete, glued or otherwise attached to each other.
- It is impossible for the logs to be in the water.
- The lag is laid with the corrugated side down and the groove up. The groove allows you to install a screw with a clip exactly in the center of the mounting lag.
- Logs are laid at a distance of at least 10 mm in length and width from any fixed structure. Between the lags there must be a gap of at least 20 mm.
- Condensate and water run off along the deck boards, i.e. perpendicular to the lags. Therefore, gaps should be left between the transverse lags to ensure good flow.
- Rigid fastening of the lag to the base is not allowed. To press the lag, it is necessary to use stainless steel or aluminum brackets, with an interval of about 1m.
- The ends of each board should rest on the log. Fasten the ends to avoid any possible deformation under the board's own weight, and also to avoid the risk of the board breaking when the ledge is loaded. When laying boards longitudinally, both edges must rest on separate parallel joists.
- If the logs cannot be attached to the base (for example, on the roof), they can be laid and fixed on pedestals (supports) located at a distance of no more than 40 cm from each other (center-to-center). In this case, aluminum logs should be used instead of conventional wood composite logs. Make a frame (frame) of aluminum logs (located perpendicular to each other) to prevent the boards from sagging towards the center.
Compensation gap
Be sure to leave room in advance for the linear expansion of the boards. Where the decking is installed next to a wall, the gap between the edge of the decking surface and the wall should be 20 to 30mm. Considering the thermal expansion or contraction properties of WPC main decking profiles, the recommended length for main decking profiles is 3m.
Fastening the board with a clamp. Terrace assembly.
Before screwing the screw into the mounting lag, it is necessary to make a hole of a smaller diameter with a drill, no more than ¾ of the screw diameter.
For a more dense and uniform fixation of the board, use a mallet. Tap on the side closest to you to obtain an even gap along the entire length of the main profile.
At the joints of the ends of the main profile, use double rows of support logs so that each end of the board rests on its own support log. The width of the gap between the rows of support profiles should be between 3 and 5 mm.
When laying the last row of the board, where the edge cannot be fixed with a clip, it is allowed to screw in a self-tapping screw / drive in a nail from the side of the main profile of the board - at a distance of 2-3 mm from the edge.
If the main profile protrudes along the length of the last row of supporting logs, then the length of the part of the decking protruding from above the log should be less than 2 cm. Otherwise, deformations, fractures or other defects associated with the weight load falling on such places are inevitable.
The final step in the installation of the terrace is the edging of the terrace with a wpk corner or an end plank around the perimeter. Fastening the corner or strip is carried out with a self-tapping screw.
Installation of a finishing corner or end plate
The corner and the end plate are used to finish the terrace along the perimeter. Ennoble the appearance of the terrace flooring, hiding the view of structural elements. Unlike the WPC corner, the end plank does not have a protrusion on the terrace surface.
- Make sure that the joists at the edge of the deck are at least 5mm longer than the planks.
- Saw off the corner or end plank to size and place along the edge of the deck, keeping the distance between the board and the baseboard at least 5 mm.
- Screw them tightly to the joists using long stainless steel screws.
The main dimensions used when installing a WPC decking board (pivot table)
Size Description |
Unit |
Note |
|
The distance between the lags for a terrace board made of WPC "Dekin Standard", 150mm * 25mm |
No more than 33 |
In the event of an increase in the load on the flooring (vehicle entry, a large number of people, etc.), the distance between the lags must be reduced to 15-20 cm. |
|
The distance between the lags for a decking board made of WPC "Dekin Prestige", 200mm * 25mm |
No more than 40 |
In the event of an increase in the load on the flooring (vehicle entry, a large number of people, etc.), the distance between the lags must be reduced to 20-25 cm. |
|
Expansion joint distance for seamless installation (stainless steel clamp) |
|||
Expansion joint distance for seam installation (plastic clip) |
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The distance between the terrace board wpk, with longitudinal docking |
Calculation of the distance between the ends of the board: * Board length - L, *Maximum area temperature - Tmax, *Installation temperature - T Calculation method: L = (Tmax - T) L For example: the length of the board is 2 meters, the installation temperature is 10, the maximum annual temperature is 40, the distance between the ends should be: L = (Tmax-T) L = (0.9 10-4) (40-10) 2000=5.4 mm. |
||
The distance between the lags in the longitudinal direction (from the end part, when connecting the lag end-to-end) |
at least 20 |
||
Distance from the KDP log to the wall or other obstacle |
Calculated based on the total length of the terrace, 1 mm of clearance per 1 running meter of decking |
||
Base slope 1 cm / 1 r.m. |
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Fastening the log to the base using self-tapping screws or dowel-nails with a pitch |
You can use steel mounting tape or steel mounting brackets |
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Fixing a corner or end plate with self-tapping screws |
Fasten to the working side of the board (pre-drilled holes) with stainless steel screws |
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For end and corner joints of corners and decorative strips, the required clearance (required for thermal expansion) |
OPERATION AND CARE OF WPC TERRACE BOARD
- For regular maintenance, use a brush or high pressure cleaner (max. 80 bar). When cleaning, clean the boards in the direction they are laid. Do not use a high pressure industrial dirt washer and do not bring the water jet too close to avoid damage to the boards. If necessary, a mild detergent can be used. Under no circumstances should solvents, stain removers, paints or polishes be used.
- To avoid the appearance of moss, make sure that the gaps between the boards are clean and the water drains well. You can also prevent the appearance of moss by regularly cleaning the flooring.
- It is recommended to regularly rearrange flower pots and other items to avoid uneven aging of the flooring.
- Grease and oil stains are best and fastest removed with a household degreaser. Do not allow stains to dry out or penetrate into the panel material. If the stain has dried, carefully remove it with a high-pressure cleaner and sand in the direction of the grooves. After a while, the discolored area should even out in color.
- Scratches can be removed with a wire brush. First, wet the boards as much as possible to avoid discoloration. Gently go over the entire length of the board to remove any scratches. The resulting slight discolouration will fade over time.
- In shady or partially covered areas, wet streaks may appear, which will eventually disappear under the influence of ultraviolet light or bad weather conditions. This will not affect the actual quality characteristics of the board, so any complaints and claims in this regard will not be considered. This effect will disappear over time, but it is impossible to completely avoid it. You can speed up its disappearance by brushing.
NOTE
- In the case of using a WPC decking board for gazebos, terraces, etc. it is not recommended to use wooden logs, since the thermal expansion of a log made of natural wood differs from the characteristics of WPC materials, which can lead to a violation of the geometry or integrity of the terrace decking.
- At the junction of the ends of the terrace boards it is necessary to lay two parallel support logs. That is, the edge of each board rests on its log.
- During installation, we recommend to mount each next row of boards in a run-up, with joints offset by at least 1/3 of the board length.
- If during installation you used wedges between the boards and the walls, then don't forget to delete them.
- board end should lie on the floor and attached to it with a clip or kleimer.
- It is not recommended to mount the corner on the edge of the step, as it performs more of a decorative function. We recommend installing an aluminum corner on the edge of the step.
- To avoid getting coals on the terrace board (for example, from a barbecue), put a metal sheet under the brazier itself.
PRINCIPLE OF INSTALLATION OF WPC TERRACE BOARD ON PLASTIC CLIPS
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Rostislav Kiriev 02/11/2015 | 1120The personal plot today is a place where you can relax, enjoy pleasant moments of communication with friends. If the plan of the house did not initially include the construction of a terrace, it can be attached and ennobled later.
Wood is the best material for building a terrace
The terrace, adjacent to one of the sides of the house, is a post-and-beam structure open on three sides. Therefore, very strict requirements are imposed on the quality of materials for its construction. The most important requirement is weather resistance. After all, the terrace is open on three sides to rain, wind, snow and frost.
The greatest attention is paid semi terrace. If a solid foundation is poured under the terrace, it can be paved with tiles, stone, clinker bricks. It has already happened that wood is most often chosen for the construction of terraces. Many developers prefer the post-and-beam construction of the terrace. Its construction is cheaper, and you can equip it with your own hands. The floor with this design of the terrace, which is a horizontal flooring, is made of boards or decking - a modern floor material, a composite of wood and polymer. If we take into account the requirements for water resistance, then the best types of wood for such buildings are oak and larch. You can opt for exotic types of wood: merbau, teak, bangkirai, ipe, but their price will be much higher.
Terrace flooring structure
The construction of the terrace begins with structures for flooring. Concrete columns are the best option for this design. They can be replaced with larch or oak columns, pre-treated with special anti-rot preparations.
Before installing the load-bearing beams, a waterproofing gasket must be installed between them and the concrete columns. Having installed the beams, they are fixed with corners made of galvanized iron or stainless steel.
Logs are laid on the beams (perpendicular to the wall of the house). They leave a distance of 50-60 cm between them. The width of the log should be such that it allows you to join and fix two boards of the future wooden flooring.
Terrace flooring boards
Boards are laid on the logs. Well, if the length of the board is equal to the length of the terrace. If this option is not possible, then the boards are docked on one of the logs. In this case, the boards must be of the same width. They are laid in such a way that the joints alternate in a checkerboard pattern. It is best to fix the boards with self-tapping screws with an anti-corrosion coating. The length of the self-tapping screw is 70 mm, the diameter is 5 mm. The head of a self-tapping screw screwed into the log remains visible, or it is covered with a special grout matched to the color of the board.
Wooden deck boards must be non-slip. To do this, they make corrugation - create texture grooves. Coating boards are also treated with an antiseptic preparation.
Board thickness for flooring should be at least 30-40 mm. Laying starts from the wall of the house, leaving a gap of 3-4 mm between the boards. These gaps are needed for ventilation, and they also allow the board to "move" during seasonal deformations associated with temperature changes. In addition, thanks to these gaps, it is very easy to wash the terrace with a jet of water from a hose - the water, along with the dirt, goes into the cracks.
Often, wooden flooring is installed with a slight slope in the opposite direction from the wall of the house, it should be about 2%. This gives an additional opportunity for water to drain from the coating after heavy rains and snowfalls.
In order for floorboards to last longer, they need to be protected. Ordinary oil paint will hide the beautiful structure of the wood, the varnish will crack from external influences and quickly lose its attractiveness. Therefore, special terrace oils are best suited for this purpose, which, being absorbed into the wood, perfectly protect it from dirt, moisture and decay.
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Terrace board (decking) made of wood-polymer composite is a beautiful and durable floor covering for terraces, gazebos, porches, pool areas, paths in the backyard. It is unpretentious in care and operation. The service life of a decking board can reach half a century or more. But for this it is important to follow all the rules and nuances of installation.
Basic rules for laying decking
- The surface on which the decking is to be laid must be level, solid and stable (e.g. screed, beams, concrete slabs).
- It is impossible: to lay logs directly into the ground. And, of course, they do not have to be constantly in the water.
- Under the flooring, a drain or drainage must be provided.
- The flooring must have a slope in the direction of flow of at least 1%, i.e. 1 cm per linear meter.
- Under the flooring, you need to provide free air circulation - to remove moisture. This will help prevent the formation of mold and mildew.
- The screws that are used to mount the docking must be resistant to corrosion.
- At the end of installation, the coating must be thoroughly rinsed twice with high pressure water.
Tools and materials that will be required for laying the decking:
- terrace board;
- supporting lags;
- initial and intermediate brackets (cleats);
- screws;
- end strips;
- plugs;
- corners;
- level;
- saw;
- tape measure and pencil;
- screwdriver;
- drill.
How to lay a deck board?
It is better to lay a deck board in dry weather, when the air temperature is above zero. It is desirable to pre-unpack the boards themselves and let them lie down in the air for a day or two in the place where they will be laid.
Each board must be fixed on special supports - logs. This can be done in one of two ways:
- perpendicular (boards are laid perpendicular to the lags);
- diagonally (boards are installed diagonally to the lags).
The process itself is simple, but there are a number of nuances that need to be taken into account. Let's take a closer look at each stage of installation.
Stage 1. Preparation of the base for installation
The following can be used as a base for laying a decking board:
- solid, even concrete screed with a pre-laid rubber cushion;
- concrete slabs or support beams;
- adjustable screw supports;
- a metal or wooden frame with a profile section of 100x100 mm and a distance between the frame profiles of not more than 500 mm (if the logs are made of WPC).
Stage 2. Laying the lag
Logs are installed at a distance of no more than 400 mm from each other. With diagonal laying, the distance should be reduced to 300-350 mm.
It is important to observe the compensation gap between the lags and the wall or any other obstacles - at least 10 mm. Otherwise, during thermal expansion, the boards may be deformed.
The logs must be aligned with each other and be in the same horizontal plane.
Stage 3. Installation of a terrace board
The laying of the board itself is carried out as follows.
- With the help of self-tapping screws, the clamps are attached to the lags. Moreover, the first klyamer is screwed to the edge of the log.
- The terrace board is laid in such a way that it enters the klemer.
- The second clamp is installed on the opposite side. The installed board is fixed.
- In the same way, clamps are installed on all logs.
Advice: Clamps must be installed on all joists. Otherwise, the deck board may sag.
- Install the rest of the boards in the same way.
Advice: The clamps must fit into the grooves of the decking board. This provides a strong fastening, as well as the necessary clearance between the boards.
- After installing all the boards, their ends are aligned and hidden with decorative plugs.
- After completion of work, you need to thoroughly wash the surface of the decking board with running water.
Terrace board laying technology: typical mistakes
In most cases, problems with a decking board that occur during operation are associated with errors made during its installation. Here are some of them.
- The distances between the lags are not respected.
- Fasteners are over tightened.
- There is no or improperly equipped water supply.
- The boards were laid without compensating gaps.
- Incorrectly equipped or missing drainage.
If you have not figured out how to properly lay a WPC decking board, or are not sure that you can handle this work yourself, order professional installation of the coating by specialized installation teams. Thus, Alta-Profil certified specialists have been trained by our experts and will perform all work in compliance with technological standards and manufacturer's recommendations. Quality is guaranteed by Alta-Profil.
Terrace board operation
The duration of the service life of the decking primarily depends on the quality of installation. And secondly - on how it is used.
In conclusion, here are some tips that will help extend the life of a decking board to 50 years or more.
- Do not allow the terrace to be flooded for more than 4 days.
- Do not use metal sponges, scrapers or spatulas for cleaning. It is better to take a regular cotton or microfiber cloth.
- Remove any defects (for example, a trace of a cigarette) with sandpaper.
- Use running water or non-abrasive, non-acid detergents for cleaning.
And a stylish and solid coating will decorate your terrace, walkway, porch for many decades!
Terrace board installation is carried out in several stages: terrace design, material calculation, base preparation, installation of mounting logs, decking fastening, finishing. It is recommended to order an inexpensive installation of a turnkey deck board from the professionals of the Polov salon, however, on simple objects of a small area, do-it-yourself laying is allowed according to the instructions and recommendations that are described below.
Preparing the base for the frame for decking
Foundation types
Terrace decking is laid on a prepared base, which is designed together with the main building or completed later. A clean, even and solid foundation is the key to the durability of the terrace. The most practical types of bases for decking:
- Strip foundation made of monolithic concrete, reinforced concrete or brick. The tape base is arranged along the perimeter (width from 58 cm), as well as under partitions (width from 38 cm), if they are provided for by the project.
- Monolithic or brick columnar foundation. Columns (at least 58x58 cm) are installed in the corners, as well as over the entire area of the terrace with a step of no more than 2 m. Intermediate poles - at least 38x38 cm.
- Screw or stuffed pile foundation. The foundation on piles with a strapping with a beam or a channel is arranged on any soil, however, the softer the soil, the deeper the piles need to be installed. The supports are poured with concrete and reinforced if high loads on the terrace are expected.
For dry, non-rocky soil, a shallow base is sufficient. For frozen soil, the foundation must lie below the freezing level.
drainage system
Regardless of the chosen foundation, it is necessary to arrange a drainage system to avoid flooding the base and protect the soil from heaving. A slope of 1-1.5% is carried out from the building in the length of the flooring, the water should freely leave and not accumulate.
Frame for decking
To enhance the bearing capacity of the terrace, a frame is assembled:
- Metal carcass. Welded steel frame of the required shape or metal beams with anti-corrosion treatment. Ideal for curved structures.
- wooden frame. For lightweight structures, it is allowed to use a wooden frame made of timber with protective treatment.
Adjustable feet
For the installation of a terrace board, especially from a wood-polymer composite, adjustable supports are also used, which make it possible to raise the structure to the required height, as well as build a perfectly flat surface by adjusting each element separately. Adjustable supports are indispensable for laying decking on uneven terrain and on exploited roofs, as well as as a temporary deck.
A solid foundation has been prepared, the piping has been completed, the drainage has been arranged correctly, the area has been cleared of construction debris - you can proceed to the next stage of laying the decking board: installation of mounting lags.
Installation lag laying
The first thing to consider - mounting lags are not a supporting structure, they are necessary for even and accurate installation of the decking, as well as to create a ventilated space between the flooring and the foundation.
Types of lag for decking
- Glued laminated timber from larch and other hardwoods.
✔ Our catalog contains all types of mounting logs for laying deck boards.
The ideal choice is mounting logs made of a material identical to that of which the terrace decking board is made.
Mounting technology
The supports are fastened to the base using anchor bolts or dowels with the mounting recess upwards. Logs are laid in parallel with a step of 40-60 cm, depending on the thickness of the decking: 20 and 27 mm, respectively. It is allowed to reduce the installation step to 20 cm if the calculated loads exceed 350 kg / lag.
The lags are set, the next step is deck board installation.
Terrace decking
Concealed installation
Decking is installed perpendicular to the mounting lags. Instructions for laying decking boards on special clamps:
- Installation starts from any fixed structure, for example, from a wall.
- The initial clip is fastened with a self-tapping screw, taking into account the compensation gap between the decking and the wall from 20 to 30 mm.
- The first board is inserted into the groove.
- A clip is installed.
- The second board is fixed with a mallet into the groove.
- Similarly, the flooring is assembled completely.
The catalog of our online store presents high-quality and stainless steel or plastic.
It is allowed to protrude the terrace decking board beyond the edge of the log by no more than 5 cm. When laying a long terrace, the boards are joined with their ends on the mounting log and fixed with clips.
Concealed installation is a universal method suitable for mounting all types of decking boards:
Open mounting
Terrace boards are laid on self-tapping screws with anti-corrosion treatment. The flooring is assembled in a seam or seamless way, the holes are drilled in advance. Self-tapping screw heads are visible on the surface, but in some cases it looks stylish. The open mounting method is suitable for laying wooden decking with a straight profile..
The flooring is assembled, the last step is deck board finish.
decking finish
After the laying of the terrace board is completed, all sections are decorated with end elements made of WPC or aluminum. Universal corners, strips, special plugs for the size of the end and the color of the polymer board, as well as F-shaped profiles are used. End elements are fastened with self-tapping screws or glue.
End elements not only give the terrace a finished look, but also protect the flooring from moisture, temperature changes, UV radiation and damage.
- Before installing the decking board, it must undergo acclimatization on the site for 2-3 days.
- The ideal air temperature for work is at least 5ºС.
- Ventilation is required between the flooring and the soil - a gap of at least 25 mm.
- When mounting on the roof, make sure that the self-tapping screws do not deform the waterproofing.
- Compensation gaps are necessary for the linear expansion of boards: at least 20 mm from walls and other adjacent structures.
- Holes for self-tapping screws are pre-drilled with a drill of a smaller diameter by 3 quarters of the length.
- At the junction of the ends, it is recommended to lay 2 mounting logs at a distance of 3-5 mm from each other.
- For uniform fixation of the decking, a mallet is used, which excludes damage to the board.
How to care for the flooring to extend the life of the decking - in a separate article.
Video - device of a WPC terrace on a screw foundation
Video - installation of a terraced polymer board
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Before fixing the terrace board, it must be remembered that this material, well known as "garden parquet", has not only a number of undeniable advantages, but also some disadvantages that must be taken into account during the installation process.
Decking or terrace board belongs to the category of relatively new finishing materials with high quality characteristics, which makes it relevant to use in conditions of frequent precipitation, significant temperature changes and under the influence of direct sunlight. Such a finish is also in demand in places with very high passability rates.
Scope of application
It is most often used as flooring on open terraces of personal plots and territories adjacent to cottages. Terrace decking is widely used in the arrangement of flooring on roofs, open balconies or loggias, verandas. Recently, the material is increasingly being used in the design of garden paths and areas around outdoor pools.
Decking has proven itself as a convenient and safe covering for a playground, a pier or a pier, and can also be used to create restaurant or cafe patios. Somewhat less often, decking is used as a cladding for the facade of buildings.
Advantages and disadvantages
A high-quality decking board, in addition to high environmental friendliness, has the following advantages:
- long service life exceeding thirty years;
- anti-slip surface;
- no need to protect with chemicals, as well as painting or varnishing;
- a wide selection of decorative qualities;
- pleasant, but unobtrusive aroma of natural wood;
- pleasant tactile properties;
- high level of temperature stability ranging from minus 60°С to plus 80°С;
- non-susceptibility to the negative effects of bacterial flora;
- ease of processing, including cutting and drilling;
- simplicity and accessibility of self-assembly and dismantling.
The standard dimensions and main characteristics of decking produced by domestic and foreign manufacturers are as follows:
- thickness 2.2-2.8 cm;
- width 13.5-14.7 cm;
- length 1.5-6.0 m.
The disadvantage of such a material can be considered a rather high cost, as well as susceptibility to patination, which consists in the formation of a silvery shell-film on the surface. The coating produced with the addition of plastics is completely devoid of the external and tactile qualities of a natural material.
Popular types
Depending on the purpose of use and quality characteristics, as well as the features of the manufacturing technology of the finishing material, the terrace board can be represented by several types:
Planken or beveled board is a facing material designed for finishing both outside and inside the room. This type of terrace board is perfect for partial or full sheathing of residential premises, arbors and fences. Straight planken often has grooves to facilitate installation work. Beveled planken has rounded or beveled sides, which allows overlapping installation and good hiding of gaps.
Production features
Recently, the trend of growth in the volume of individual buildings has become clear and has become very stable. This situation allowed both domestic and foreign manufacturers to quickly respond to the main demands of consumers, replenishing the market with new and promising, high-quality materials.
In the manufacture of such a finishing and building material, wood of exceptionally strong species is used. Foreign manufacturers take tropical wood as the basis for their products, and domestic materials are most often produced from conifers, oak or ash. Production is based on mandatory processing under high-temperature regimes, including hot steam.
The sawdust-based technology makes it possible to obtain an aesthetic building and finishing material with sufficiently high strength and uniformity. In this case, woodworking waste is supplemented with special polymer additives, as a result of which it is possible to obtain a WPC material, which is called deck or composite decking. A feature of such a deck board is a very high reliability and the absence of any deformation changes under the influence of negative external factors.
Selection rules
Natural wood has a number of disadvantages, the most important of which is the need to constantly impregnate the material with an antiseptic and cover it with decorative and protective compounds.
It is rather problematic to carry out such activities from the inside, therefore, wood-polymer composites were developed as an alternative. In such decking, the share of wood can vary between 38-68%, and about 4% is for coloring pigments. The rest of the finishing material is substituted with polymers.
Polymer terrace boards are presented on the construction market with a wide choice and rich colors. When choosing, it is recommended to pay attention to well-known and positively reviewed brands:
- Terranson is one of the largest and most popular manufacturers producing composite finishing boards using environmentally friendly and high-quality raw materials;
- composite finishing materials from the Belgian company Bruggan have proven themselves as a reliable and durable material;
- Rehau has been producing terrace boards for a little less than ten years and is a leader in the production of garden parquets;
- terrace board OLYMPIYA has a special profile, therefore it is used when mounting on objects with a high level of traffic and high impact loads;
- in works related to the finishing of the pier, bridge, pier, terrace, garden path, as well as the exploited roofing system, the Darvolex decking board has proven itself best;
- the Hungarian company Legro also produces a terrace board, devoid of such shortcomings as rotting and delamination. Such high-quality material compares favorably with good resistance to any kind of mechanical damage, as well as the negative effects of rain and sun.
It is important to remember that the decking used when finishing the flooring in the sauna and the area around the pool must necessarily have a corrugated profile. This guarantees a reliable anti-slip effect.
Prices for various types of terrace boards
Terraced board
Self-assembly technology
A modern terrace board is a material that is unique in its characteristics, but needs to be properly applied in the implementation of finishing work. Only properly performed self-assembly will be the key to maintaining the surface of absolutely all the unique performance characteristics declared by the manufacturer for a long period. Before assembling a structure based on a terrace board, it is recommended to allow the material to acclimatize well in the conditions of intended operation for a couple of days.
Basic set of materials and tools
Regardless of the installation option and the type of decking, you will need to prepare a starter set of material and working tools in advance:
- supporting lags;
- initial and intermediate brackets;
- galvanized screws and self-tapping screws;
- standard plugs;
- end finishing materials;
- galvanized or stainless steel corners;
- electric drill and a standard set of drills;
- screwdriver or screwdriver;
- measuring construction tape measure and meter level;
- pencil or building marker;
- hand saw.
The basic set can be supplemented depending on how the installation and fastening of the finishing material is supposed to be carried out.
Prices for popular drill models
Correct calculations
There are two ways to install decking boards. During open installation, the board on the logs is fixed from the front side by means of anti-corrosion galvanized self-tapping screws. The closed laying option will require fixing the board on the logs with clips on the inside.
Decking length according to the direction of the decking board | Board length | Recommended laying clearance |
---|---|---|
no more than 600 cm | Less than 400 cm | 0-0.4 cm |
no more than 600 cm | 400-600 cm | 0-0.4 cm |
From 600 cm to 10 m | Less than 400 cm | 0.5 cm |
From 600 cm to 10 m | 400-600 cm | 0.5 cm |
Over 10 m | Less than 400 cm | 0.6 cm |
Over 10 m | 400-600 cm | 0.9 cm |
The gap between the decking to be installed and the wall must be 0.8 cm or more. When joining elements along the length, the standard indent left between the end parts should be as follows:
- with a flooring length of 400 cm - absent;
- with a flooring length of 400-600 cm - 0.3 cm;
- with a flooring length of more than 600 cm - 0.45 cm.
To perform a longitudinal adjustment of the terrace boards to each other, it is required to leave a gap of 0.2 cm. For self-assembly, several types of fixation of the terrace board can be used, represented by the "classic", "twin-mini", "nail-pro" and twin-version . The appearance of such a fastener is represented by a metal plate coated with special anti-corrosion compounds. Fixing a square meter of finish will require about two dozen fasteners. Also often used is mounting in a clip, which is located on the logs.
Surface pretreatment
The most important condition for the correct installation of a terrace board is considered to be the competent arrangement of the most reliable base base, which can be represented by the following types:
- cement screed treated with bituminous compounds;
- wooden, treated with antiseptics and painted logs;
- metal, corrosion-resistant beams.
It is mandatory to treat the base from any weeds and use any quality material that prevents the germination of weeds.
Step 1. The soil surface is leveled and its high-quality compaction is carried out by vibrotamping.
Step 2 Backfilling on a leveled and compacted surface of a crushed stone or gravel layer 10-12 cm thick. A five-centimeter layer of sand is poured over such a backfill.
Step 3 Installation of a reinforcing mesh over a sand and gravel pad. The foundation base can be represented by continuous concreting or concrete slabs under the logs.
Step 4 Ensuring the immobility of the base with the help of special adjustable supports, for fastening of which reliable and high-quality dowels are used.
Step 5 Lags should be placed on adjustable supports perpendicular to the direction of the decking board. Such elements are laid strictly parallel to each other, with a distance of 400-700 mm. The supports are fastened with galvanized screws and dowels. For connection between themselves, straight and oblique corners are used.
Fastening lag, diagram
Before installing the WPC decking, it is necessary to develop a drainage system that will protect the soil from swelling during the thaw. The base should be made with a slight slope to the drainage system. The standard slope is 10 mm per meter of surface.
Mounting on a concrete base
One of the obligatory rules for installing a deck board on a concrete base is to ensure high-quality waterproofing with a hydroisol. Installation of boards should be started from the walls, retreating at least 0.8 cm.
Step 1. Install the first board with a “thorn” connection towards the wall and fix it with fasteners. The recommended step for fastening is a distance of 30-35 cm.
Step 2 The side of the board that is closer to the wall must be pressed against the concrete base with a plinth. It is considered optimal to use good quality plastic skirting boards.
Step 3 Installation of the next flooring element, which must be driven into the groove of the previous board with a spike, maintaining a distance of 0.2 cm. The installed element is fastened with dowel-nails.
Step 4 Install the following terrace boards in the same way. Docking along the length of the finishing flooring from boards with a length of less than 400 cm is carried out with the elements fitting closely. When fitting longer boards, the elements must be joined with a gap of 0.45 cm. The joints of different boards should not coincide. The minimum distance between the docking zones is 20-25 cm.
The edges of the decking can be secured with 30×30 mm aluminum corners. The open edge with a "thorn" is fixed with a screw, the head of which is masked by a chamfer. The edge part is closed with an aluminum corner.
Video - Installation of WPC siding
Installation on a wooden base
If there is a base for decking, represented by a wooden crate or solid decking, it is advisable to use galvanized screws to fix the terrace decking board. If a non-continuous version of a wooden base is used, then it must be treated with antiseptics and painted. Installation of decking on the basis of a terrace board is carried out with standard intervals of 10-15 cm. The technology for installing elements is the same as when installing decking on a concrete base.
Features of open and closed installation
Open installation of decking or decking is most often used. This technology resembles the installation of a standard floorboard, but galvanized fasteners are used for fixing, holes for which must be drilled in advance.
A closed installation is in demand if it is necessary to obtain a durable and decorative flooring with absolutely inconspicuous fasteners. This installation option is considered to be the most difficult, and a feature of the technology is the preliminary installation of hidden square-shaped stainless steel fastening brackets on the logs.
Step 1. Make grooves on the side of the mounted decking boards. The standard groove depth should be approximately 2.5 cm.
Step 2 Place special plates in the grooves made, which ensure the fixation of the finishing material.
Step 3 Docking decking with plates. This method of joining allows you to get a completely smooth and beautiful flooring.
The last board is fixed with self-tapping screws through, step - 40 cm
The concealed installation method is more time consuming and, as a rule, is not used when doing do-it-yourself flooring.
Prices for popular models of screwdrivers
Screwdrivers
Finishing the facade with a terrace board
Step 1. Installing a heater. Fixation is carried out with glue and dowel-fungi with a metal rod.
Step 2 Installation of a crate made of dried wooden beams 50x50 mm. Double strips are mounted in the corners. Similar double strips are attached in places where the ends of the facing panels will be located. Fixation is carried out with dowel-nails through pre-drilled holes.
Step 3 Installation of the starting aluminum profile. Through the holes with self-tapping screws, the profile is attached to the racks of the crate.
Step 4 Installation of corner profiles. All self-tapping screw heads must be countersunk.
Step 5 Installation of the first panel. The connection is made according to the tenon-groove system. Each bar is fixed with a special clip.